HESI PHARMACOLOGY CARDIOVASCULAR EXIT EXAM 2024
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 232 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
iron (fe/ ferrous sulfate) nursing considerations - ANSWER..dilute oral liquid
dosage and sip through a straw to avoid discoloration of teeth. take supplements
with meals or food to decrease GI upset.
when should antacids or milk products be taken with iron? - ANSWER..1-2 hours
before or after oral dosage forms of iron
after taking iron the pt should - ANSWER..remains upright for 30 minutes to help
minimize esophageal irritation
how is IM iron given - ANSWER..Z-track method
vitamin C ____ absorption of iron - ANSWER..enhances
why would filgrastim(neupogen) be prescribed? - ANSWER..to increase the
WBC in neutropenic pts
how do we know filgrastim(neupogen) is effective? - ANSWER..WBC increase
from 2500-5500 mm
when should filgrastim(neupogen) be given? - ANSWER..before infection occurs
SE of filgrastim(neupogen) - ANSWER..fever, muscle aches, bone pain, and
flushing; give nonopioid or opioid analgesic. SE stops when med is D/C
what is bioavailability? - ANSWER..the rate at which the drug is available in the
body
different forms and routes of same drug have ___ bioavailability -
ANSWER..different
,directions for taking medications on an empty stomach - ANSWER..1 hour before
or 2 hours after eating
directions for taking medications after a meal - ANSWER..30-60 minutes after
eating
when are peak and trough levels drawn - ANSWER..initially then every 5-7 days
when should peak level be drawn? - ANSWER..30 minutes after IV infusion
when should trough levels be drawn? - ANSWER..immediately before (less than
30 minutes) the next dose
elevated trough level signifies - ANSWER..toxicity
which drugs need peak and trough levels assessed - ANSWER..vancomycin and
aminoglycosides
what is succinylcholine (anectine) and why is it used? - ANSWER..depolarizing
neuromuscular blocker; used during therapy
SE of succinylcholine (anectine) - ANSWER..ventricular
tachycardia/dysrhythmias
succinylcholine (anectine) has an added NMB action when added with -
ANSWER..vancomycin
what needs to be assessed with succinylcholine (anectine) -
ANSWER..respiratory status
what is isotretinoin (accutane) used for? - ANSWER..treatment of several
nodulocystic acne
SE of isotretinoin (accutane?) - ANSWER..severe photosensitivity (avoid the sun
hoe) and teratogenesis (pregnancy category X)
, calculate IV mL/hr on infusion device - ANSWER..mL divided by minutes times
60
calculate IV drip rates - ANSWER..ml to be infused x drop factor divided by
minutes
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? -
ANSWER..Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples - ANSWER..gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin,
tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - ANSWER..given IV
for several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin) -
ANSWER..decreased hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)? -
ANSWER..BUN and creatinine
DOC for MRSA - ANSWER..vancomycin
what is MRSA - ANSWER..severe staph infections that have become resistant to
most antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin - ANSWER..acute care requires frequent
monitoring og serum drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough schedule.
trough is drawn just prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin - ANSWER..nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin - ANSWER..thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if infused
too rapidly: flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension- can be
lethal
how long should IV vancomycin infuse? - ANSWER..greater than 60 minutes
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 232 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
iron (fe/ ferrous sulfate) nursing considerations - ANSWER..dilute oral liquid
dosage and sip through a straw to avoid discoloration of teeth. take supplements
with meals or food to decrease GI upset.
when should antacids or milk products be taken with iron? - ANSWER..1-2 hours
before or after oral dosage forms of iron
after taking iron the pt should - ANSWER..remains upright for 30 minutes to help
minimize esophageal irritation
how is IM iron given - ANSWER..Z-track method
vitamin C ____ absorption of iron - ANSWER..enhances
why would filgrastim(neupogen) be prescribed? - ANSWER..to increase the
WBC in neutropenic pts
how do we know filgrastim(neupogen) is effective? - ANSWER..WBC increase
from 2500-5500 mm
when should filgrastim(neupogen) be given? - ANSWER..before infection occurs
SE of filgrastim(neupogen) - ANSWER..fever, muscle aches, bone pain, and
flushing; give nonopioid or opioid analgesic. SE stops when med is D/C
what is bioavailability? - ANSWER..the rate at which the drug is available in the
body
different forms and routes of same drug have ___ bioavailability -
ANSWER..different
,directions for taking medications on an empty stomach - ANSWER..1 hour before
or 2 hours after eating
directions for taking medications after a meal - ANSWER..30-60 minutes after
eating
when are peak and trough levels drawn - ANSWER..initially then every 5-7 days
when should peak level be drawn? - ANSWER..30 minutes after IV infusion
when should trough levels be drawn? - ANSWER..immediately before (less than
30 minutes) the next dose
elevated trough level signifies - ANSWER..toxicity
which drugs need peak and trough levels assessed - ANSWER..vancomycin and
aminoglycosides
what is succinylcholine (anectine) and why is it used? - ANSWER..depolarizing
neuromuscular blocker; used during therapy
SE of succinylcholine (anectine) - ANSWER..ventricular
tachycardia/dysrhythmias
succinylcholine (anectine) has an added NMB action when added with -
ANSWER..vancomycin
what needs to be assessed with succinylcholine (anectine) -
ANSWER..respiratory status
what is isotretinoin (accutane) used for? - ANSWER..treatment of several
nodulocystic acne
SE of isotretinoin (accutane?) - ANSWER..severe photosensitivity (avoid the sun
hoe) and teratogenesis (pregnancy category X)
, calculate IV mL/hr on infusion device - ANSWER..mL divided by minutes times
60
calculate IV drip rates - ANSWER..ml to be infused x drop factor divided by
minutes
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? -
ANSWER..Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples - ANSWER..gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin,
tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - ANSWER..given IV
for several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin) -
ANSWER..decreased hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)? -
ANSWER..BUN and creatinine
DOC for MRSA - ANSWER..vancomycin
what is MRSA - ANSWER..severe staph infections that have become resistant to
most antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin - ANSWER..acute care requires frequent
monitoring og serum drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough schedule.
trough is drawn just prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin - ANSWER..nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin - ANSWER..thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if infused
too rapidly: flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension- can be
lethal
how long should IV vancomycin infuse? - ANSWER..greater than 60 minutes
