SJSU HIST 15A CIRIVILLERI FINAL EXAM FALL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% CORRECT

Normandy "D-Day" Invasion - ️️June 6, 1944 - D-Day: Allied troops began landing on France's Normandy coast. The invasion was one of the largest amphibious military assaults in history and required extensive planning. Prior to D-Day, the Allies conducted a large-scale deception campaign designed to mislead the Germans about the intended invasion target. -successful, less than a year later Germany surrendered -The point was to liberate France from the Normandy coast. It was the greatest military strategy Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939) - ️️Hitler-Stalin Nonaggression Pact; 10-year peace treaty; Russia can keep 1/3 of Poland when Hitler attacks it. Fell apart in June 1941, when Nazi forces invaded the Soviet Union. Soviet leader Stalin viewed the pact as a way to keep his nation on peaceful terms with Germany while giving him time to build up the Soviet military. German chancellor Hitler used the pact to make sure Germany was able to invade Poland unopposed. Sudetenland - ️️An area in western Czechoslovakia that was coveted by Hitler. Germany thought it was rightfully theirs due to the large German speaking population. Germany eventually seized all of Czechoslovakia, and then went on to threaten Poland. Lend-Lease - ️️Allows America to sell, lend, or lease arms or other war supplies to any nation considered "vital to the defense of the U.S.". FDR wanted to help somehow before US were involved in WW2. So he lent bombs and artillery to Britain German invasion of Poland - ️️Germany easily defeats Poland with superior forces and officers; Causes Britain and France to declare war on Germany, starting WWII The Fall of France - ️️June 1940 France and most of Europe was conquered by Germany. Left Britain alone against Hitler, jarred America out of apathy. Only Britain stood between Hitler and the death of European democracy. The Battle of Britain - ️️An aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force. This was a significant turning point of WWII, as Germany's Luftwaffe failed to gain air superiority over the Royal Air Force despite months of targeting Britain's air bases, military posts and, ultimately, its civilian population. Britain'sdecisive victory saved the country from a ground invasion and possible occupation by German forces while proving that air power alone could be used to win a major battle. Pearl Harbor - ️️Base in hawaii that was bombed by japan on December 7, 1941, which eagered America to enter the war. Japanese Internment - ️️Due to heavy prejudice towards Japanese people for Pearl Harbor attack, Japanese and Japanese Americans were placed in camps beginning in 1942; upheld by Korematsu v. US War in the Pacific - ️️Before most American troops got involved in Europe, America went to war with Japan in the Pacific due to the Pearl Harbor attack. Japan was a serious threat, as losing Hawaii to them would be a huge loss of one of the biggest US naval bases. It was a land and naval war (mostly naval) which involved US troops hopping from island to island in the Pacific, fighting off Japanese troops. Operation Barbarossa - ️️Codename for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II -- led to USSR joining the Allies Battle of Coral Sea - ️️A battle between Japanese and American naval forces that stopped the Japanese advance on Australia. Focused on each others' aircraft carrier ships. Atlantic Warfare - ️️() Longest continuous military campaign in WW2. German U-boats attack US ships and Allied ships to stop trade and supplies. Convoys, sonar, and radar helped the Allies to win this battle. Allied invasion of Sicily and Italy - ️️July 1943- Mussolini is defeated, and eventually killed! The Battle of Stalingrad - ️️Unsuccessful German attack on the city of Stalingrad during World War II from 1942 to 1943, that was the furthest extent of German advance into the Soviet Union. U.S. Post-war economic boom - ️️Period of economic prosperity in the mid-20th century. High productivity growth from before the war continued after the war until the 1970s. Gas was cheap so car cost was low and their was less inflation. People started buying automobiles and houses. Demand outstripped supply. The population increased. Foreign aid programs (Marshall Plan) created a strong export-market. Sunbelt - ️️states in the south and southwest that have a warm climate and tend to be politically conservative. Saw a large population increase after WW2 and the rise of new industriesG.I. Bill of Rights - ️️Law Passed in 1944 to help returning veterans buy homes and pay for higher education Iron Curtain - ️️Winston Churchill's term for the Cold War division between the Soviet-dominated East and the U.S.-dominated West. Fall of China * - ️️After WWII, the USSR spreads into Asia and supports Mao Zedong, who takes over China after overthrowing Jiang Jieshi (he flees to Taiwan). China then becomes a communist nation. It was seen as a defeat to the US and its allies (US refuses to recognize Beijing). Korean War - ️️The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea, while the People's Republic of China helped the North.