ISTQB Foundation Level
Test Plan - ✔️✔️A document describing the scope, approach, resources, and schedule
of intended test activities. It identifies among others test items, the features to be tested,
the testing tasks, who will do each task, degree of test independence, the test
environment, the test design techniques, and entry an exit criteria to be used, and the
rationale for their choice, and any risks requiring contingency planning. It is a record of
the test planning process.
Testing - ✔️✔️Also know as evaluation. The process consisting of all life-cycle
activities both static and dynamic, concerned with planning, preparation, and evaluation
of software products and related work products to determine that they are fit for purpose
and to detect defects.
False-fail result - ✔️✔️test result - defect reported but no defect exists in test object
Error - Mistake - ✔️✔️Human action produces an incorrect result
Defect (bug, fault) - ✔️✔️Flaw in a component or system causing component or system
to fail to perform required function.
Failure - ✔️✔️Deviation of the component or system from its expected delivery, service
or result.
Quality - ✔️✔️The degree to which a component, system or process meets specified
requirements and/or user/customer needs and expectations.
Risk - ✔️✔️A factor that could result in future negative consequences; usually
expressed as impact and likelihood.
False-pass result - ✔️✔️A test result which fails to identify the presence of a defect that
is actually present in the test object.
Requirement - ✔️✔️A condition or capability needed by a user to solve a problem or
achieve an objective that must be met or possessed by a system or system component
to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed document.
Review - ✔️✔️An evaluation of a product or project status to ascertain discrepancies
from planned results and to recommend improvements. Examples include management
review, informal review, technical review, inspection, and walkthrough.
,Debugging - ✔️✔️The process of finding, analyzing, and removing the causes of
failures in software.
Confirmation testing (re-testing) - ✔️✔️Testing that runs test cases that failed the last
time they were run, in order to verify the success of corrective actions.
Test Strategy - ✔️✔️A high-level description of the test levels to be performed and the
testing within those levels for an organization or program (one or more projects)
Test Execution - ✔️✔️The process of running a test on the component or system under
test, producing actual results
Test approach - ✔️✔️The implementation of the test strategy for a specific project.
Test monitoring - ✔️✔️A test management task that deals with the activities related to
periodically checking the status of a test project. Reports are prepared that compare the
actuals to that which was planned.
Test condition - ✔️✔️An item or event of a component or system that could be verified
by one or more test cases, e.g. a function, transaction, feature, quality attribute, or
structural element.
Test basis - ✔️✔️All documents from which the requirements of a component or
system can be inferred. the documentation on which the test cases are based. If a
document can be amended only by way of formal amendment procedure, then the test
basis is called a frozen test basis.
Test Data - ✔️✔️Data the exists before a test is executed, and that affects or is
affected by the component or system under test. Example - in a database
Coverage (test coverage) - ✔️✔️The degree, expressed as a percentage, to which a
specified coverage item has been exercised by a test suite.
Test procedure specification (test procedure, test script, manual test script) - ✔️✔️A
document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution of a test.
Test Suite - ✔️✔️A set of several test cases for a component or system under test,
where the post condition of one test if often used as the precondition for the next one.
Incident - ✔️✔️Also known as deviation. Any event occurring that requires
investigation.
, Testware - ✔️✔️Artifacts produced during the test process required to plan, design,
and execute tests, such as documentation, scripts, inputs, expected results, set-up, and
clear-up procedures, files, databases, environment, and any additional software or
utilities used in testing.
Regression testing - ✔️✔️Testing of a previously tested program following modification
to ensure that defects have not been introduced or uncovered in unchanged areas of
the software, as a result of the changes made. It is performed when the software or its
environment is changed.
Exit Criteria - ✔️✔️The set of generic and specific conditions, agreed upon with the
stakeholders, for permitting a process to be officially completed. The purpose of exit
criteria is to prevent a task from being considered completed when there are still
outstanding parts of the task that have not been finished. Exit criteria are used to report
against and to plan when to stop testing.
Test log - ✔️✔️A chronological record of relevant details about the execution of tests.
Test summary report - ✔️✔️A document summarizing testing activities and results. It is
also contains an evaluation of the corresponding test items against exist criteria.
Error Guessing - ✔️✔️A test design technique where the experience of the test is used
to anticipate what defects might be present in the component or system under test as a
result of errors made, and to design tests specifically to expose them.
Independence of testing - ✔️✔️Separation of responsibilities, which encourages the
accomplishment of objective testing
Test policy - ✔️✔️A high level document describing the principles, approach, and major
objectives regarding testing.
Verification - ✔️✔️Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective
evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled.
Validation - ✔️✔️Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective
evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use or application have been
fulfilled.
V-model - ✔️✔️A framework to describe the software development lifecycle activities
from requirements specification to maintenance. The V-model illustrates how testing
activities can be integrated into each phase of the software development lifecycle.
Test level - ✔️✔️A group of test activities that are organized and managed together. A
test level is linked to the responsibilities in a project. Examples of test levels are
component test, integration test, system test, and acceptance test.
Test Plan - ✔️✔️A document describing the scope, approach, resources, and schedule
of intended test activities. It identifies among others test items, the features to be tested,
the testing tasks, who will do each task, degree of test independence, the test
environment, the test design techniques, and entry an exit criteria to be used, and the
rationale for their choice, and any risks requiring contingency planning. It is a record of
the test planning process.
Testing - ✔️✔️Also know as evaluation. The process consisting of all life-cycle
activities both static and dynamic, concerned with planning, preparation, and evaluation
of software products and related work products to determine that they are fit for purpose
and to detect defects.
False-fail result - ✔️✔️test result - defect reported but no defect exists in test object
Error - Mistake - ✔️✔️Human action produces an incorrect result
Defect (bug, fault) - ✔️✔️Flaw in a component or system causing component or system
to fail to perform required function.
Failure - ✔️✔️Deviation of the component or system from its expected delivery, service
or result.
Quality - ✔️✔️The degree to which a component, system or process meets specified
requirements and/or user/customer needs and expectations.
Risk - ✔️✔️A factor that could result in future negative consequences; usually
expressed as impact and likelihood.
False-pass result - ✔️✔️A test result which fails to identify the presence of a defect that
is actually present in the test object.
Requirement - ✔️✔️A condition or capability needed by a user to solve a problem or
achieve an objective that must be met or possessed by a system or system component
to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed document.
Review - ✔️✔️An evaluation of a product or project status to ascertain discrepancies
from planned results and to recommend improvements. Examples include management
review, informal review, technical review, inspection, and walkthrough.
,Debugging - ✔️✔️The process of finding, analyzing, and removing the causes of
failures in software.
Confirmation testing (re-testing) - ✔️✔️Testing that runs test cases that failed the last
time they were run, in order to verify the success of corrective actions.
Test Strategy - ✔️✔️A high-level description of the test levels to be performed and the
testing within those levels for an organization or program (one or more projects)
Test Execution - ✔️✔️The process of running a test on the component or system under
test, producing actual results
Test approach - ✔️✔️The implementation of the test strategy for a specific project.
Test monitoring - ✔️✔️A test management task that deals with the activities related to
periodically checking the status of a test project. Reports are prepared that compare the
actuals to that which was planned.
Test condition - ✔️✔️An item or event of a component or system that could be verified
by one or more test cases, e.g. a function, transaction, feature, quality attribute, or
structural element.
Test basis - ✔️✔️All documents from which the requirements of a component or
system can be inferred. the documentation on which the test cases are based. If a
document can be amended only by way of formal amendment procedure, then the test
basis is called a frozen test basis.
Test Data - ✔️✔️Data the exists before a test is executed, and that affects or is
affected by the component or system under test. Example - in a database
Coverage (test coverage) - ✔️✔️The degree, expressed as a percentage, to which a
specified coverage item has been exercised by a test suite.
Test procedure specification (test procedure, test script, manual test script) - ✔️✔️A
document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution of a test.
Test Suite - ✔️✔️A set of several test cases for a component or system under test,
where the post condition of one test if often used as the precondition for the next one.
Incident - ✔️✔️Also known as deviation. Any event occurring that requires
investigation.
, Testware - ✔️✔️Artifacts produced during the test process required to plan, design,
and execute tests, such as documentation, scripts, inputs, expected results, set-up, and
clear-up procedures, files, databases, environment, and any additional software or
utilities used in testing.
Regression testing - ✔️✔️Testing of a previously tested program following modification
to ensure that defects have not been introduced or uncovered in unchanged areas of
the software, as a result of the changes made. It is performed when the software or its
environment is changed.
Exit Criteria - ✔️✔️The set of generic and specific conditions, agreed upon with the
stakeholders, for permitting a process to be officially completed. The purpose of exit
criteria is to prevent a task from being considered completed when there are still
outstanding parts of the task that have not been finished. Exit criteria are used to report
against and to plan when to stop testing.
Test log - ✔️✔️A chronological record of relevant details about the execution of tests.
Test summary report - ✔️✔️A document summarizing testing activities and results. It is
also contains an evaluation of the corresponding test items against exist criteria.
Error Guessing - ✔️✔️A test design technique where the experience of the test is used
to anticipate what defects might be present in the component or system under test as a
result of errors made, and to design tests specifically to expose them.
Independence of testing - ✔️✔️Separation of responsibilities, which encourages the
accomplishment of objective testing
Test policy - ✔️✔️A high level document describing the principles, approach, and major
objectives regarding testing.
Verification - ✔️✔️Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective
evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled.
Validation - ✔️✔️Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective
evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use or application have been
fulfilled.
V-model - ✔️✔️A framework to describe the software development lifecycle activities
from requirements specification to maintenance. The V-model illustrates how testing
activities can be integrated into each phase of the software development lifecycle.
Test level - ✔️✔️A group of test activities that are organized and managed together. A
test level is linked to the responsibilities in a project. Examples of test levels are
component test, integration test, system test, and acceptance test.
