AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY EXAM
REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Absolute location - answer-the actual space a place occupies on earth's surface
Acculturation - answer-the change that occurs within a culture when it adopts a practice
from another culture
Agglomeration effects - answer-the cost advantages (external economies) for an
individual company gained by locating near similar industries or companies
Agribusiness - answer-commercial agriculture in which large corporations own and
operate various steps in the production process with an emphasis on profit
Agricultural density - answer-the number of people living in rural areas per unit of
agricultural land
Alliance - answer-an association among countries for the purpose of mutual defense or
trade
Animism - answer-the belief that spirits (including ancestral) live within objects such as
animals, rivers, rocks, trees, and mountains
Antecedent boundary - answer-a boundary placed before the cultural landscape was
developed
Artifact - answer-tangible pieces of material culture
Assimilation - answer-the process in which immigrants become totally integrated into
the host culture
Backwash effect - answer-the negative impact to the peripheral region sometimes
caused by increased flows of labor and capital into a nearby high-growth region
Basic sector - answer-goods and services produced for individuals outside the urban
work area
Bid-rent curve - answer-the concept that the concentric circles in burgess's concentric
zone model are based on the amount people are willing to pay for land in each zone
Biotechnology - answer-the application of scientific techniques to modify and improve
plants, animals, and microorganisms to enhance their value
,Built environment - answer-the material culture of an environment
Carrying capacity - answer-the number of people an area can support on a sustained
basis
Central business district (cbd) - answer-the business area found at the center of every
older central city and urban area
Central place theory - answer-a theory developed by walter christaller that states that
cities exist for economic reasons and that people gather in cities to share goods and
ideas
Centrifugal force - answer-a strong, divisive force, such as religious differences or a
weak communication systems, at work in a country
Centripetal force - answer-a strong, unifying force, such as a charismatic leader or
nationalism, at work in a country
Chain migration - answer-the part of a migrant flow (usually relatives and friends) that
follows former migrants to an area
Channelized migration - answer-repetitive pattern of migration not linked to family or
ethnicity (senior citizens moving to the sun belt)
Charter group - answer-the first group of settlers to establish a new and lasting culture
and society is an area
Compact state - answer-a state that is basically round in shape, such as poland or
bhutan)
Colonialism - answer-a system in which a country declares control over a territory or
people outside its own boundaries, usually for economic purposes
Commodity chain - answer-a chain of activities from the manufacturing to the
distribution of a product
Concentric zone model - answer-the model of urban land use developed by burgess
which demonstrates the invasion and succession processes that occur as the city grows
and expands outward
Confederation - answer-a loose association of states organized for the purpose of
retaining cohesion, such as the former republic of the ussr
Congregation - answer-an ethnic group's grouping together in a specific part of the city
to support each other and minimize conflicts with those in the non-ethnic group
, Consequent boundary - answer-a type of subsequent boundary that is drawn to
accommodate existing linguistic, cultural, or religious boundaries
Conservation agriculture - answer-a modern method of farming that balances maximum
crop yield with sustainable farming methods and protection of the environment
Creative destruction - answer-the reinvestment of funds in new, profitable ventures and
regions that were once used to fund ventures and regions that are now not as profitable
Creole - answer-a simplified mixture of two or more languages that is adopted in areas
of cultural diversity
Crude birth rate (cbr) - answer-the number of babies born per 1000 people per year
Crude death rate (cdr) - answer-the number of deaths per 1000 people per year
Crude density - answer-the number of people per unit of land (also called arithmetic
density)
Cultural barrier - answer-hindrances to cultural diffusion that occur in a society and keep
cultural traits from spreading
Cultural diffusion - answer-the process in which culture is spread from one region to
another
Cultural landscape - answer-the unique landscape made up of all parts of a culture-both
material and nonmaterial
Culture - answer-the cluster of traits that make a group of people special and unique
Culture region - answer-a portion of the earth's surface occupied by populations sharing
recognizable and distinctive cultural characteristics
Culture hearth - answer-a place where innovations and new ideas originate and spread
outward (diffuse) to other regions
Culture trait - answer-a single feature of a culture, such as religion or language
Decolonization - answer-the process by which former colonies gain their independence
from the mother country
Deindustrialization - answer-the reduction in industrial activity that occurs when
decreased profits and declining business cause a reduction in industrial employment
Demographic transition model - answer-a model that shows the link between population
growth and economic development using four or five stages of economic development
REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Absolute location - answer-the actual space a place occupies on earth's surface
Acculturation - answer-the change that occurs within a culture when it adopts a practice
from another culture
Agglomeration effects - answer-the cost advantages (external economies) for an
individual company gained by locating near similar industries or companies
Agribusiness - answer-commercial agriculture in which large corporations own and
operate various steps in the production process with an emphasis on profit
Agricultural density - answer-the number of people living in rural areas per unit of
agricultural land
Alliance - answer-an association among countries for the purpose of mutual defense or
trade
Animism - answer-the belief that spirits (including ancestral) live within objects such as
animals, rivers, rocks, trees, and mountains
Antecedent boundary - answer-a boundary placed before the cultural landscape was
developed
Artifact - answer-tangible pieces of material culture
Assimilation - answer-the process in which immigrants become totally integrated into
the host culture
Backwash effect - answer-the negative impact to the peripheral region sometimes
caused by increased flows of labor and capital into a nearby high-growth region
Basic sector - answer-goods and services produced for individuals outside the urban
work area
Bid-rent curve - answer-the concept that the concentric circles in burgess's concentric
zone model are based on the amount people are willing to pay for land in each zone
Biotechnology - answer-the application of scientific techniques to modify and improve
plants, animals, and microorganisms to enhance their value
,Built environment - answer-the material culture of an environment
Carrying capacity - answer-the number of people an area can support on a sustained
basis
Central business district (cbd) - answer-the business area found at the center of every
older central city and urban area
Central place theory - answer-a theory developed by walter christaller that states that
cities exist for economic reasons and that people gather in cities to share goods and
ideas
Centrifugal force - answer-a strong, divisive force, such as religious differences or a
weak communication systems, at work in a country
Centripetal force - answer-a strong, unifying force, such as a charismatic leader or
nationalism, at work in a country
Chain migration - answer-the part of a migrant flow (usually relatives and friends) that
follows former migrants to an area
Channelized migration - answer-repetitive pattern of migration not linked to family or
ethnicity (senior citizens moving to the sun belt)
Charter group - answer-the first group of settlers to establish a new and lasting culture
and society is an area
Compact state - answer-a state that is basically round in shape, such as poland or
bhutan)
Colonialism - answer-a system in which a country declares control over a territory or
people outside its own boundaries, usually for economic purposes
Commodity chain - answer-a chain of activities from the manufacturing to the
distribution of a product
Concentric zone model - answer-the model of urban land use developed by burgess
which demonstrates the invasion and succession processes that occur as the city grows
and expands outward
Confederation - answer-a loose association of states organized for the purpose of
retaining cohesion, such as the former republic of the ussr
Congregation - answer-an ethnic group's grouping together in a specific part of the city
to support each other and minimize conflicts with those in the non-ethnic group
, Consequent boundary - answer-a type of subsequent boundary that is drawn to
accommodate existing linguistic, cultural, or religious boundaries
Conservation agriculture - answer-a modern method of farming that balances maximum
crop yield with sustainable farming methods and protection of the environment
Creative destruction - answer-the reinvestment of funds in new, profitable ventures and
regions that were once used to fund ventures and regions that are now not as profitable
Creole - answer-a simplified mixture of two or more languages that is adopted in areas
of cultural diversity
Crude birth rate (cbr) - answer-the number of babies born per 1000 people per year
Crude death rate (cdr) - answer-the number of deaths per 1000 people per year
Crude density - answer-the number of people per unit of land (also called arithmetic
density)
Cultural barrier - answer-hindrances to cultural diffusion that occur in a society and keep
cultural traits from spreading
Cultural diffusion - answer-the process in which culture is spread from one region to
another
Cultural landscape - answer-the unique landscape made up of all parts of a culture-both
material and nonmaterial
Culture - answer-the cluster of traits that make a group of people special and unique
Culture region - answer-a portion of the earth's surface occupied by populations sharing
recognizable and distinctive cultural characteristics
Culture hearth - answer-a place where innovations and new ideas originate and spread
outward (diffuse) to other regions
Culture trait - answer-a single feature of a culture, such as religion or language
Decolonization - answer-the process by which former colonies gain their independence
from the mother country
Deindustrialization - answer-the reduction in industrial activity that occurs when
decreased profits and declining business cause a reduction in industrial employment
Demographic transition model - answer-a model that shows the link between population
growth and economic development using four or five stages of economic development
