EMT BASIC PRACTICE EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
EMTsyshouldywearyhigh-
efficiencyyparticulateyairy(HEPA)yrespiratorsywhenytheyyareyinycontactywithycontactywithypatientsywhoyhavey
whichyofytheyfollowing?y
A.yHIVy(HumanyImmunodeficiencyyVirus)yoryAIDSy(AcquiredyImmuneyDeficiencyySyndrome)y
B.yTuberculosisy(TB)
C.yOpenyWounds
D.yHepatitisyBy-yANSWERyB.yTuberculosis
HEPAyrespiratorsyareywornywhenyinycontactywithypatientsyairborneyinfectionsysuchyasyTB.yHIV/AIDSyandyHe
patitisyByareybothyblood-borneypathogens.yContaminantsyfromyopenywoundsywouldyalsoybeyblood-borne.
Youyareycalledytoyassistyay60-year-
oldyfemaleywhoycomplainsyofyaysevereyheadache.yUponyenteringytheyhome,yyouysmellyaystrongyodoryofynat
uralygas.yWhatyisyyouryfirstyreaction?y
A.yCheckytheypatient'syairway,ybreathing,yandycirculation.
B.yInsertyaynasopharyngealyairwayyandyassessyvitalysigns.y
C.yRemoveytheypatientyfromytheyhouseytoyyouryambulance.
D.yOpenyallywindowsyandydetermineytheysourceyofytheygasyleak.y-
yANSWERyC.yRemoveytheypatientyfromytheyhouseytoyyouryambulance.
Youryfirstyactionyshouldybeytoyremoveyyourycrewyandytheypatientyfromytheypossibleynoxiousygasyandytoynotif
yytheygasycompanyyofytheyleak.yYouymayyalsoybeyrequiredytoyalertyhazardousymaterialyresponseyteam.yTreat
mentyforytheypatientywillybeginywithyanyABCyassessmentyandymanagementyofyanyyproblemsyyouymightyenc
ounter.
Theymostycommonyelectricalyrhythmydisturbanceythatyresultsyinysuddenycardiacyarrest.
A.yPulselessyElectricalyActivity
B.yVentricularyFibrillation
,C.yVentricularyTachycardia
D.yAsystoley-yANSWERyB.yVentricularyFibrillation
Becauseyventricularyfibrillationyisytheymostycommonycauseyofysuddenycardiacyarrest.,yityisycriticalytoyapplyya
nyAEDyonyanyunconsciousyapneicyandypulselessypatientyasyquicklyyasypossible.yTheyotheryrhythmsycanyalsoyc
auseyaypatientytoybeyinycardiacyarrest,ybutytheyydoynotyoccuryasyfrequentlyyasy"V-fib".
Whichyofytheyfollowingyisytheyhighestypriorityypatient?
A.y57-year-oldymaleywithychestypainyandysystolicybloodypressureyofy80.
B.y40-year-oldyfemaleywithymoderateypainyfromyaylegyinjury.
C.y75-year-oldymaleywhoyappearsyconfusedybutyrespondsytoycommands.
D.y25-year-oldyfemaleyinylaborywithycontractionsysixyminutesyapart.y-yANSWERyA.y57-year-
oldymaleywithychestypainyandysystolicybloodypressureyofy80.
Theypatientywithychestypainyandysystolicybloodypressureylessythany100yisytheyhighestypriorityypatientyofythey
four.yAylegyinjuryymayybeylife-
threateningyifytheyfemoralyarteryyisyinjured,ybutymostyoften,yaysingleyextremityyinjuryyisynotyaythreatytoylife.y
Theyelderlyygentlemanymayybeyexhibitingyhisynormalymentalystatus,yoryheymayybeyhavingyproblemsydueytoy
anyongoingyhealthyproblem.yYouyneedymoreyinformationybeforeyyouycanymakeythatydetermination,ybutyheyi
synotyinyanyyimminentydangeryrightynow.yLaborywithycontractionsy6yminutesyapartyisynotyconsideredyimmin
entydelivery.yIfyyouyhaveyanyyquestions,yhowever,yyouyshouldycontinueyassessingythisypatientyasywellybyyaski
ngypertinentyquestionsyandycheckingyforycrowning.
Ofytheyfollowing,ywhichybodyyfluidyhasytheymostypotentialytoytransmityblood-borneydiseases?
A.yNasalyDischarge
B.yVomitus
C.yAmnioticyFluid
D.yFecesy-yANSWERyC.yAmnioticyFluid
Fluidsycontainingybloodyhaveytheyhighestypotentialyforydiseaseytransmission.
,Yourypatientyisyany11-month-
oldyfemale.yHowycanyyouydetermineyifysheyhasyaydecreasedymentalystatusyandyisyresponsiveytoyverbalystimu
li?
A.ySheywillybeyupsetywhenyyouytakeyheryfromyherymother'syarms.
B.ySheywillybeyunableytoytellyyouyhowyoldysheyisyifyyouyaskyher.
C.ySheywillyattemptytoylocateyheryparents'yvoicesywhenytheyyspeak.y
D.ySheywillytryytoypullyawayyfromyaypainfulystimulusyonyherytoe.y-
yANSWERyC.ySheywillyattemptytoylocateyheryparents'yvoicesywhenytheyyspeak.y
Anyinfantywhoyisyalertytoyverbalystimuliywillystillytryytoylocateytheyparents'yvoices;ychoiceyAydescribesyanyaler
tyinfant;ychoiceyDydescribesyanyinfantywhoyisyresponsiveytoypainfulystimuli;ychoiceyByisyincorrectybecauseyinf
antsyofythisyageyareynotydevelopedyenoughytoytellyyouytheiryageyregardlessyofytheirymentalystatus.
Whatyisytheybestymethodytoyassessycirculationyinyanyinfant?
A.yPalpateytheycarotidypulse.
B.yPalpateytheybrachialypulse.
C.yPalpateytheyradialypulse.
D.yObserveycapillaryyrefillytime.y-yANSWERyB.yPalpateytheybrachialypulse.
Assessycirculationyinyanyinfantybyypalpatingytheybrachialypulseyinytheyupperyarm.yTheycarotidyandyradialypuls
esyareydifficultytoylocateyinyinfants.yCapillaryyrefillytimeyshowsythatytheypatientyhasyimpairedycirculation,ybut
yityisynotytheyfirstytoolytoyuseyinyassessingycirculationybecauseyityisyaffectedybyyexternalyfactorsy(likeytheyenvir
onment)yasywellyasyinternalyfactorsylikeypooryperfusion.
Ay45-year-
oldymaleyisyexperiencingychestydiscomfort.yAfteryplacingyhimyinyhisypositionyofycomfort,yyourynextyactionysh
ouldybe?y
A.yVentilateytheypatientywithyaynonrebreatherymaskyaty15yL/min.
B.yVentilateytheypatientywithytheybag-valveymaskyaty15yL/min.
C.yAdministeryoxygenybyyrebreatherymaskyaty15yL/min.y
D.yAdministeryoxygenybyytheynasalycannulayaty6yL/min.y-
yANSWERyC.yAdministeryoxygenybyyrebreatherymaskyaty15yL/min.y
, Thereyisynoyinformationytoyindicateythatytheypatientyrequiresyventilatoryysupport.yAnyypatientyexperiencing
ychestydiscomfortyshouldyreceiveytheyhighestypossibleyconcentrationyofyoxygen.
Whichypatientyshouldyreceiveyayrapidytraumaysurveyytoydetermineyhiddenyinjuries?y
A.yAlerty2-year-oldychildyinyaycaryseatywhoywasyinyaymediumyspeedycrash.
B.Alerty20-year-oldymaleywhoyfelly10yfeetyoffyofyayladder.y
C.yAlerty65-year-oldyfemaleywhoyfellyinytheybathtubyandyisycomplainingyofywristypain.y
D.yAlerty11-year-oldyfemaleywhoytrippedywhileyrolleryskatingyandyfellydownythreeysteps.y-
yANSWERyA.yAlerty2-year-oldychildyinyaycaryseatywhoywasyinyaymediumyspeedycrash.
Theyrapidytraumaysurveyyisyusedywhenyyouyareyunsureyofytheypresenceyofyhiddenyinjuriesyoryfytheymechanis
myofyinjuryy(MOI)yisyunclearyorysevereyenoughytoysuggestytheyneedyforyayrapidyassessment.yAy2-year-
oldychildycouldybeyseverelyyinjuredybyyaymediumyspeedycollision,yevenyifyheyorysheyappearsyalertyandywasypr
operlyyrestrained.yTheyotherychoicesydoynotyrepresentyMOIsyconsideredytoybeyhighyriskyforyhiddenyinjury.
Whichyofytheyfollowingyisyaysignyofyincreasedypressureyinytheycirculatoryysystem?y
A.yFlatyneckyveins
B.yPalpableycarotidypulse
C.yDistendedyjugularyveins
D.yDecreasedyradialypulsey-yANSWERyC.yDistendedyjugularyveins
Aysupineypatientymayyorymayynotyhaveyjugularyveinsythatyareyprominentyenoughytoypalpate.yHowever,yeven
yifytheyneckyveinsyareynormallyypresentywhenyanyindividualyisysupine,ytheyywillynotybeyengorgedywithybloody
andyoverlyyfirmytoytheytouch.yThisyisywhatyisymeantybyytheyphraseydistendedyneckyveins.yDistendedyneckyvei
nsy(inyanyyposition)yareyaysignyofyincreasedycirculatoryypressure.yTheycarotidypulseyshouldyalwaysybeypalpab
le.yAydecreasedyradialypulseymayyindicateyhypovolemicyshockyoryanyinjuredyextremity.
Anyautomatedyexternalydefibrillatory(AED)ywillyshockywhichyifytheyfollowingyrhythms?y
A.ySinusyRhythm
B.yAsystoley
C.yVentricularyFibrillation
D.yPulselessyElectricalyActivityy-yANSWERyC.yVentricularyFibrillation
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
EMTsyshouldywearyhigh-
efficiencyyparticulateyairy(HEPA)yrespiratorsywhenytheyyareyinycontactywithycontactywithypatientsywhoyhavey
whichyofytheyfollowing?y
A.yHIVy(HumanyImmunodeficiencyyVirus)yoryAIDSy(AcquiredyImmuneyDeficiencyySyndrome)y
B.yTuberculosisy(TB)
C.yOpenyWounds
D.yHepatitisyBy-yANSWERyB.yTuberculosis
HEPAyrespiratorsyareywornywhenyinycontactywithypatientsyairborneyinfectionsysuchyasyTB.yHIV/AIDSyandyHe
patitisyByareybothyblood-borneypathogens.yContaminantsyfromyopenywoundsywouldyalsoybeyblood-borne.
Youyareycalledytoyassistyay60-year-
oldyfemaleywhoycomplainsyofyaysevereyheadache.yUponyenteringytheyhome,yyouysmellyaystrongyodoryofynat
uralygas.yWhatyisyyouryfirstyreaction?y
A.yCheckytheypatient'syairway,ybreathing,yandycirculation.
B.yInsertyaynasopharyngealyairwayyandyassessyvitalysigns.y
C.yRemoveytheypatientyfromytheyhouseytoyyouryambulance.
D.yOpenyallywindowsyandydetermineytheysourceyofytheygasyleak.y-
yANSWERyC.yRemoveytheypatientyfromytheyhouseytoyyouryambulance.
Youryfirstyactionyshouldybeytoyremoveyyourycrewyandytheypatientyfromytheypossibleynoxiousygasyandytoynotif
yytheygasycompanyyofytheyleak.yYouymayyalsoybeyrequiredytoyalertyhazardousymaterialyresponseyteam.yTreat
mentyforytheypatientywillybeginywithyanyABCyassessmentyandymanagementyofyanyyproblemsyyouymightyenc
ounter.
Theymostycommonyelectricalyrhythmydisturbanceythatyresultsyinysuddenycardiacyarrest.
A.yPulselessyElectricalyActivity
B.yVentricularyFibrillation
,C.yVentricularyTachycardia
D.yAsystoley-yANSWERyB.yVentricularyFibrillation
Becauseyventricularyfibrillationyisytheymostycommonycauseyofysuddenycardiacyarrest.,yityisycriticalytoyapplyya
nyAEDyonyanyunconsciousyapneicyandypulselessypatientyasyquicklyyasypossible.yTheyotheryrhythmsycanyalsoyc
auseyaypatientytoybeyinycardiacyarrest,ybutytheyydoynotyoccuryasyfrequentlyyasy"V-fib".
Whichyofytheyfollowingyisytheyhighestypriorityypatient?
A.y57-year-oldymaleywithychestypainyandysystolicybloodypressureyofy80.
B.y40-year-oldyfemaleywithymoderateypainyfromyaylegyinjury.
C.y75-year-oldymaleywhoyappearsyconfusedybutyrespondsytoycommands.
D.y25-year-oldyfemaleyinylaborywithycontractionsysixyminutesyapart.y-yANSWERyA.y57-year-
oldymaleywithychestypainyandysystolicybloodypressureyofy80.
Theypatientywithychestypainyandysystolicybloodypressureylessythany100yisytheyhighestypriorityypatientyofythey
four.yAylegyinjuryymayybeylife-
threateningyifytheyfemoralyarteryyisyinjured,ybutymostyoften,yaysingleyextremityyinjuryyisynotyaythreatytoylife.y
Theyelderlyygentlemanymayybeyexhibitingyhisynormalymentalystatus,yoryheymayybeyhavingyproblemsydueytoy
anyongoingyhealthyproblem.yYouyneedymoreyinformationybeforeyyouycanymakeythatydetermination,ybutyheyi
synotyinyanyyimminentydangeryrightynow.yLaborywithycontractionsy6yminutesyapartyisynotyconsideredyimmin
entydelivery.yIfyyouyhaveyanyyquestions,yhowever,yyouyshouldycontinueyassessingythisypatientyasywellybyyaski
ngypertinentyquestionsyandycheckingyforycrowning.
Ofytheyfollowing,ywhichybodyyfluidyhasytheymostypotentialytoytransmityblood-borneydiseases?
A.yNasalyDischarge
B.yVomitus
C.yAmnioticyFluid
D.yFecesy-yANSWERyC.yAmnioticyFluid
Fluidsycontainingybloodyhaveytheyhighestypotentialyforydiseaseytransmission.
,Yourypatientyisyany11-month-
oldyfemale.yHowycanyyouydetermineyifysheyhasyaydecreasedymentalystatusyandyisyresponsiveytoyverbalystimu
li?
A.ySheywillybeyupsetywhenyyouytakeyheryfromyherymother'syarms.
B.ySheywillybeyunableytoytellyyouyhowyoldysheyisyifyyouyaskyher.
C.ySheywillyattemptytoylocateyheryparents'yvoicesywhenytheyyspeak.y
D.ySheywillytryytoypullyawayyfromyaypainfulystimulusyonyherytoe.y-
yANSWERyC.ySheywillyattemptytoylocateyheryparents'yvoicesywhenytheyyspeak.y
Anyinfantywhoyisyalertytoyverbalystimuliywillystillytryytoylocateytheyparents'yvoices;ychoiceyAydescribesyanyaler
tyinfant;ychoiceyDydescribesyanyinfantywhoyisyresponsiveytoypainfulystimuli;ychoiceyByisyincorrectybecauseyinf
antsyofythisyageyareynotydevelopedyenoughytoytellyyouytheiryageyregardlessyofytheirymentalystatus.
Whatyisytheybestymethodytoyassessycirculationyinyanyinfant?
A.yPalpateytheycarotidypulse.
B.yPalpateytheybrachialypulse.
C.yPalpateytheyradialypulse.
D.yObserveycapillaryyrefillytime.y-yANSWERyB.yPalpateytheybrachialypulse.
Assessycirculationyinyanyinfantybyypalpatingytheybrachialypulseyinytheyupperyarm.yTheycarotidyandyradialypuls
esyareydifficultytoylocateyinyinfants.yCapillaryyrefillytimeyshowsythatytheypatientyhasyimpairedycirculation,ybut
yityisynotytheyfirstytoolytoyuseyinyassessingycirculationybecauseyityisyaffectedybyyexternalyfactorsy(likeytheyenvir
onment)yasywellyasyinternalyfactorsylikeypooryperfusion.
Ay45-year-
oldymaleyisyexperiencingychestydiscomfort.yAfteryplacingyhimyinyhisypositionyofycomfort,yyourynextyactionysh
ouldybe?y
A.yVentilateytheypatientywithyaynonrebreatherymaskyaty15yL/min.
B.yVentilateytheypatientywithytheybag-valveymaskyaty15yL/min.
C.yAdministeryoxygenybyyrebreatherymaskyaty15yL/min.y
D.yAdministeryoxygenybyytheynasalycannulayaty6yL/min.y-
yANSWERyC.yAdministeryoxygenybyyrebreatherymaskyaty15yL/min.y
, Thereyisynoyinformationytoyindicateythatytheypatientyrequiresyventilatoryysupport.yAnyypatientyexperiencing
ychestydiscomfortyshouldyreceiveytheyhighestypossibleyconcentrationyofyoxygen.
Whichypatientyshouldyreceiveyayrapidytraumaysurveyytoydetermineyhiddenyinjuries?y
A.yAlerty2-year-oldychildyinyaycaryseatywhoywasyinyaymediumyspeedycrash.
B.Alerty20-year-oldymaleywhoyfelly10yfeetyoffyofyayladder.y
C.yAlerty65-year-oldyfemaleywhoyfellyinytheybathtubyandyisycomplainingyofywristypain.y
D.yAlerty11-year-oldyfemaleywhoytrippedywhileyrolleryskatingyandyfellydownythreeysteps.y-
yANSWERyA.yAlerty2-year-oldychildyinyaycaryseatywhoywasyinyaymediumyspeedycrash.
Theyrapidytraumaysurveyyisyusedywhenyyouyareyunsureyofytheypresenceyofyhiddenyinjuriesyoryfytheymechanis
myofyinjuryy(MOI)yisyunclearyorysevereyenoughytoysuggestytheyneedyforyayrapidyassessment.yAy2-year-
oldychildycouldybeyseverelyyinjuredybyyaymediumyspeedycollision,yevenyifyheyorysheyappearsyalertyandywasypr
operlyyrestrained.yTheyotherychoicesydoynotyrepresentyMOIsyconsideredytoybeyhighyriskyforyhiddenyinjury.
Whichyofytheyfollowingyisyaysignyofyincreasedypressureyinytheycirculatoryysystem?y
A.yFlatyneckyveins
B.yPalpableycarotidypulse
C.yDistendedyjugularyveins
D.yDecreasedyradialypulsey-yANSWERyC.yDistendedyjugularyveins
Aysupineypatientymayyorymayynotyhaveyjugularyveinsythatyareyprominentyenoughytoypalpate.yHowever,yeven
yifytheyneckyveinsyareynormallyypresentywhenyanyindividualyisysupine,ytheyywillynotybeyengorgedywithybloody
andyoverlyyfirmytoytheytouch.yThisyisywhatyisymeantybyytheyphraseydistendedyneckyveins.yDistendedyneckyvei
nsy(inyanyyposition)yareyaysignyofyincreasedycirculatoryypressure.yTheycarotidypulseyshouldyalwaysybeypalpab
le.yAydecreasedyradialypulseymayyindicateyhypovolemicyshockyoryanyinjuredyextremity.
Anyautomatedyexternalydefibrillatory(AED)ywillyshockywhichyifytheyfollowingyrhythms?y
A.ySinusyRhythm
B.yAsystoley
C.yVentricularyFibrillation
D.yPulselessyElectricalyActivityy-yANSWERyC.yVentricularyFibrillation
