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kiforkiki Theories
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Chapterki1ki–kiPhilosophykiofkiScience:kiAnkiIntroduction
1. Whykiarekinaturalkiscienceskialsokireferredkitokiaski“pure”kisciences?
A. Theykiarekiconsideredkistand-alonekibodieskiofkiuniquekiknowledge.
B. Theykiarekithekionlykiscienceskitokiwhichkithekiscientifickimethodkicankibekiapplied.
C. Theykiarekithekioriginalkiscienceskiuponkiwhichkiallkiotherskiarekibased.
D. Theykiarekinotkiaffectedkibykisubjectivitykiinkithekiwaykiotherkiscienceskiare.
Ans:k i A
2. Whichkiiskinotkiankiexamplekiofkiankiappliedkisciencekiaskiusedkiinkihealthkicarekitoday?
A. Socialkiwork
B. Psychotherapy
C. Examinationkiofkicarekidisparities
D. Pathology
kiAns:k i D
3. Robertakifirmlykibelieveskithatkiindividualkiexperienceskiarekithekisourcekiofkiallkiknowledg
ekiinkithekiworld.kiAskiakiscientist,kishekiacknowledgeskiherkirolekiaskiakiparticipantkiinkithekiexp
erimentskishekiperformskiandkidoeskiconsiderkiherselfkimerelykiakidisconnectedkiobserverkiofki
phenomenon.
Roberta’skiviewskiarekimostkiclosTeE lySrT
efB
leA
ctN
ivKeSoE LhLiE
fkiw chRs.
chCoOoM
lkiofkiscientifickithought?
A. NaturalkiScience
B. HumankiScience
C. AppliedkiScience
D. SoftkiScienc
ekiAns:k i B
4. Whatkiiskithekiultimatekigoalkiofkithekiscientifickimethod?
A. Applicationkiofkiscientifickiresultskitokiakirelatedkibodykiofkiknowledgekiinkiorderkitokim
eetkisomekti ypekiofkihumankineed.
B. Examinationkiofkithekidecisionskimadekibykiakiscientistkitokiunderstandkithekiwayskii
nkiwhichkisubjectivitykiwaskiintroducedkitokithekiexperiment.
C. Reproduciblekiexperimentalkiresultskithatkidokinotkitakekiresearcherkiindividualitykiintokiaccount.
D. Improvingkithekisituationkiorkiprocesskiusedkiinkithekiexperimentkitokiyieldkimorekiaccurat
ekiresultskiinkirepeatkiexperiments.
Ans:k i C
5. Whichkiofkithekifollowingkibestkidescribeskithekiaimkiofkinaturalkisciences?
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A. Affirmationkiofkithekiimportancekiofkiculturalkiunderstandingkibykiuncoveringkithekic
ommonksi ubjectivekibiaseskiofkidifferentkidisciplines.
B. Improvementkiofkithekiqualitykiofkilifekibykiunderstandingkiwhatkihelpskipeoplekimaximi
zekitheirkifunctionalkiabilities.
C. Utilizationkiofkiknowledgekibykiapplyingkiitkitokiakispecifickipurposekiinkiorderkitokibetterkia
kisituationkiorkichangekiviewpoints.
D. Developmentkiofkiknowledgekiforkithekisakekiofkidevelopingkiknowledge,kidiscoveringkitru
th,kiandkicontrollingkioutcomes.
Ans:k i D
6. GretchenkiandkiPeterkiarekigraduatekistudentskiinkithekisamekiPhysicskilab.kiTheirkisupervi
sorkihaskiaskedkibothkiofkithemkitokiperformkithekisamekiexperimentkiusingkithekisamekiproce
durekiandkiequipment.k i Afterkithey’vekibothkicompletedkitheirkitask,kithekicomparekitheirkire
sultskiandkidiscoverkithatkitheykiarekinearlykiidentical.kikiWhichkiofkithekifivekicriteriakiforkiscie
ncekidoeskiGretchenkiand
Peter’skidiscoverykiexemplify?
A. Intersubjectivekitestability
B. Reliability
C. Definitenesskiandkiprecision
D. Coherence
Ans:k i A TESTBANKSELLER.COM
7. Whichkistatementkidoeskinotkidescribekiakigeneralkicharacteristickiofkiphilosophy?
A. Thinkingkiforkithekisakekiofkithinking.
B. Utilizationkiofkiprocesskiandkioutcome.
C. Demarcationkiofkiwholenesskiandkiholism.
D. Applicationkiofkiepistemologykiandkiontology.
Ans:k i C
8. Repetitivekipatternskiofkibehaviorkidictatedkibykipastkiexperienceskiiskiankiexamplekiofkiwhic
hkisourcekoi fkiknowledge?
A. Doctrine
B. Commonkisense
C. Tradition
D. Authority
kiAns:k i C
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9. Franciscokiiskiakichemistkiwhokirigidlykiapplieskithekiscientifickimethodkitokiallkithatkihekid
oes,kiwhetherkiinkithekilabkiorkioutkiofkiit,kiandkistronglykibelieveskithatkiallkirelationshipskiarek
igovernedkibykicausekiandkieffect.k i Hekiseeskilittlekineedkiforkisubjectivitykiinkianykiareakiofkih
iskilife,kibelievingkiinsteadkithatkithekiworldkiiskiankiexternalkiconceptkicompletelykiindependen
tkiofkiindividualkithoughtskiorkidesires.k i WhichkiphilosophicalkischoolkibestkidescribeskiFran
cisco’skioutlookkionkithekiworld?
A. Phenomenology
B. Logicalkipositivism
C. Hermeneutics
D. Post-
structuralismkA
i ns:k i
B
10. Whichk i statementkiwouldkiankiadherentkiofkithekiperceivedkiviewkimostkilikelykimake?
A. “Observationkiiskicompletelykiunbiased.”
B. “Descriptivekilawkiiskithekigoldkistandardkiofkiscience.”
C. “Individualkiphenomenonkimakekiupkithekiwholekithatkiiskithekiuniverse.”
D. “Theorieskiarekineitherkirightkinorkiwrong.”
Ans:k i D
11. Whichkiphilosophykisubscribeskitokithekiideakithatkithekiuniversekiiskiakiwholekimadekiofkiinterrelated
parts? TESTBANKSELLER.COM
A. Logicalkipositivism
B. ChaoskiandkiComplexit
y
C. Post-Structuralism
D. Hermeneutics
kiAns:k i B
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Chapterki2ki–kiThekiEvolutionkiofkiNursingkiScience
1. Historically,kinursingkipreparationkiwaskireferredkitokiaski“training,”kiandkimanykinurseskied
ucatedkithroughkitheki1970skistillkiusekithiskitermkitokireferkitokitheirkieducation.kiWhykiiskithiski
terminologykiparticularlykiproblematickiinkilightkiofkithekiadvanceskimadekiinkinursingkiscience
kiinkithekilastki30kiyears?
A. On-the-
jobkiapprenticeshipskiarekinokilongerkiaskiprevalentkiaskitheykiwerekiupkithroughkithekilateki19
70skiandkiearlyki1980s.
B. Itkiplaceskiemphasiskionkinurses’kiabilitieskitokiperformkitaskskiratherkithankireasonkithroughkiand
understandkithekipurposekiofkitheirkiactions.
C. MostkimodernkinurseskipursuekiMaster’skilevelkieducationkibeyondkitheirkipractice-
basedkiBachelor’skieducation.
D. Thekilastki30kiyearskihavekiseenkinursingkieducationkimovekiawaykifromkiphysician-
taughtkicourseskiinkihospitalskitokiprofessor-taughtkicourseskiatkiuniversities.
Ans:k i B
2. Duringkitheki1960s,kiwhykididkinursingkischolarskiheavilykiemphasizekiakifocuskionkithekith
eoreticalkidevelopmentkiofkinursingkiaskiitskiown,kiindependentkidiscipline?
A. Tokisupportkidoctoralkieducationkiforkinurseskithatkiwaskidisciplinekispecific
B. Tokiprovekithatkithekilogicalkipositivistkiapproachkiwaskiakipoorkifitkiforkithekidiscipline
C. Tokiencouragekiandkienhancekithekicontinuedkidevelopmentkiofkinursingkiscience
D.
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Tokipromotekiresearchkibykinurseskiinkiallkifields,kinotkimerelykinursingki
sciencekiAns:k i C
3. Whichkiargumentkibestkisupportskithekiideakiofkinursingkiaskiakiprofessionalkidisciplinekirat
herkithankai nkiacademickidiscipline?
A. “Nursingkiiskiankiappliedkiscience.k i Itskipracticekicomponentkiplaceskiankiemphasiskionkithe
deliverykiofkiservicekibykinurseskiratherkithankithekidevelopmentkiofkiacademickiknowledge.”
B. “Nursingkiiskiakidisciplinekiwithkiuniquekisubstance.kiItkiborrowskiverykilittlekifromkiothe
rkidisciplineskiand,kiaskiakiresult,kiiskibeyondkithekirealmkiofkimostkiacademickiprogramskiinkit
hekiscienceskithatkiacknowledgekiideakisharingkiacrosskidisciplines.”
C. “Nursingkiiskiakiconceptkiwithkiakilengthykiunofficialkihistory.kiIndividualskihavekibeenkipr
ovidingkinursingkicarekitokiotherskisincekithekiCrusades,kiandkithiskiprofessionalkiprovisionkiofki
serviceskipredateskiformalkieducationkiinkithekifield.”
D. “Nursingkiiskiakirelativekinewcomerkitokiadvancedkieducation.kiForkimanykiyears,kinurseski
werekieducatedkiorkitrainedkionlykiatkiakiBachelor’skilevel,kiandkiadvancedkipracticekithereforeki
haskiitskirootskiinkti hekiprofessionkiitselfkiratherkithankiinkiacademia.”
Ans:k i A
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TestkiBankkiPhilosophies kiand
PhilosophieskiandkiTheories
tkiBank
kiforkiki Theories
Advanced kikifor
kiNursing kiAdvanced
Practice kiNursing
ki3rdkiEditionkiButts kiTes kipractic
ek3
i rdkieditionkiButtski2024kiRevision
Chapterki1ki–kiPhilosophykiofkiScience:kiAnkiIntroduction
1. Whykiarekinaturalkiscienceskialsokireferredkitokiaski“pure”kisciences?
A. Theykiarekiconsideredkistand-alonekibodieskiofkiuniquekiknowledge.
B. Theykiarekithekionlykiscienceskitokiwhichkithekiscientifickimethodkicankibekiapplied.
C. Theykiarekithekioriginalkiscienceskiuponkiwhichkiallkiotherskiarekibased.
D. Theykiarekinotkiaffectedkibykisubjectivitykiinkithekiwaykiotherkiscienceskiare.
Ans:k i A
2. Whichkiiskinotkiankiexamplekiofkiankiappliedkisciencekiaskiusedkiinkihealthkicarekitoday?
A. Socialkiwork
B. Psychotherapy
C. Examinationkiofkicarekidisparities
D. Pathology
kiAns:k i D
3. Robertakifirmlykibelieveskithatkiindividualkiexperienceskiarekithekisourcekiofkiallkiknowledg
ekiinkithekiworld.kiAskiakiscientist,kishekiacknowledgeskiherkirolekiaskiakiparticipantkiinkithekiexp
erimentskishekiperformskiandkidoeskiconsiderkiherselfkimerelykiakidisconnectedkiobserverkiofki
phenomenon.
Roberta’skiviewskiarekimostkiclosTeE lySrT
efB
leA
ctN
ivKeSoE LhLiE
fkiw chRs.
chCoOoM
lkiofkiscientifickithought?
A. NaturalkiScience
B. HumankiScience
C. AppliedkiScience
D. SoftkiScienc
ekiAns:k i B
4. Whatkiiskithekiultimatekigoalkiofkithekiscientifickimethod?
A. Applicationkiofkiscientifickiresultskitokiakirelatedkibodykiofkiknowledgekiinkiorderkitokim
eetkisomekti ypekiofkihumankineed.
B. Examinationkiofkithekidecisionskimadekibykiakiscientistkitokiunderstandkithekiwayskii
nkiwhichkisubjectivitykiwaskiintroducedkitokithekiexperiment.
C. Reproduciblekiexperimentalkiresultskithatkidokinotkitakekiresearcherkiindividualitykiintokiaccount.
D. Improvingkithekisituationkiorkiprocesskiusedkiinkithekiexperimentkitokiyieldkimorekiaccurat
ekiresultskiinkirepeatkiexperiments.
Ans:k i C
5. Whichkiofkithekifollowingkibestkidescribeskithekiaimkiofkinaturalkisciences?
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A. Affirmationkiofkithekiimportancekiofkiculturalkiunderstandingkibykiuncoveringkithekic
ommonksi ubjectivekibiaseskiofkidifferentkidisciplines.
B. Improvementkiofkithekiqualitykiofkilifekibykiunderstandingkiwhatkihelpskipeoplekimaximi
zekitheirkifunctionalkiabilities.
C. Utilizationkiofkiknowledgekibykiapplyingkiitkitokiakispecifickipurposekiinkiorderkitokibetterkia
kisituationkiorkichangekiviewpoints.
D. Developmentkiofkiknowledgekiforkithekisakekiofkidevelopingkiknowledge,kidiscoveringkitru
th,kiandkicontrollingkioutcomes.
Ans:k i D
6. GretchenkiandkiPeterkiarekigraduatekistudentskiinkithekisamekiPhysicskilab.kiTheirkisupervi
sorkihaskiaskedkibothkiofkithemkitokiperformkithekisamekiexperimentkiusingkithekisamekiproce
durekiandkiequipment.k i Afterkithey’vekibothkicompletedkitheirkitask,kithekicomparekitheirkire
sultskiandkidiscoverkithatkitheykiarekinearlykiidentical.kikiWhichkiofkithekifivekicriteriakiforkiscie
ncekidoeskiGretchenkiand
Peter’skidiscoverykiexemplify?
A. Intersubjectivekitestability
B. Reliability
C. Definitenesskiandkiprecision
D. Coherence
Ans:k i A TESTBANKSELLER.COM
7. Whichkistatementkidoeskinotkidescribekiakigeneralkicharacteristickiofkiphilosophy?
A. Thinkingkiforkithekisakekiofkithinking.
B. Utilizationkiofkiprocesskiandkioutcome.
C. Demarcationkiofkiwholenesskiandkiholism.
D. Applicationkiofkiepistemologykiandkiontology.
Ans:k i C
8. Repetitivekipatternskiofkibehaviorkidictatedkibykipastkiexperienceskiiskiankiexamplekiofkiwhic
hkisourcekoi fkiknowledge?
A. Doctrine
B. Commonkisense
C. Tradition
D. Authority
kiAns:k i C
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9. Franciscokiiskiakichemistkiwhokirigidlykiapplieskithekiscientifickimethodkitokiallkithatkihekid
oes,kiwhetherkiinkithekilabkiorkioutkiofkiit,kiandkistronglykibelieveskithatkiallkirelationshipskiarek
igovernedkibykicausekiandkieffect.k i Hekiseeskilittlekineedkiforkisubjectivitykiinkianykiareakiofkih
iskilife,kibelievingkiinsteadkithatkithekiworldkiiskiankiexternalkiconceptkicompletelykiindependen
tkiofkiindividualkithoughtskiorkidesires.k i WhichkiphilosophicalkischoolkibestkidescribeskiFran
cisco’skioutlookkionkithekiworld?
A. Phenomenology
B. Logicalkipositivism
C. Hermeneutics
D. Post-
structuralismkA
i ns:k i
B
10. Whichk i statementkiwouldkiankiadherentkiofkithekiperceivedkiviewkimostkilikelykimake?
A. “Observationkiiskicompletelykiunbiased.”
B. “Descriptivekilawkiiskithekigoldkistandardkiofkiscience.”
C. “Individualkiphenomenonkimakekiupkithekiwholekithatkiiskithekiuniverse.”
D. “Theorieskiarekineitherkirightkinorkiwrong.”
Ans:k i D
11. Whichkiphilosophykisubscribeskitokithekiideakithatkithekiuniversekiiskiakiwholekimadekiofkiinterrelated
parts? TESTBANKSELLER.COM
A. Logicalkipositivism
B. ChaoskiandkiComplexit
y
C. Post-Structuralism
D. Hermeneutics
kiAns:k i B
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Chapterki2ki–kiThekiEvolutionkiofkiNursingkiScience
1. Historically,kinursingkipreparationkiwaskireferredkitokiaski“training,”kiandkimanykinurseskied
ucatedkithroughkitheki1970skistillkiusekithiskitermkitokireferkitokitheirkieducation.kiWhykiiskithiski
terminologykiparticularlykiproblematickiinkilightkiofkithekiadvanceskimadekiinkinursingkiscience
kiinkithekilastki30kiyears?
A. On-the-
jobkiapprenticeshipskiarekinokilongerkiaskiprevalentkiaskitheykiwerekiupkithroughkithekilateki19
70skiandkiearlyki1980s.
B. Itkiplaceskiemphasiskionkinurses’kiabilitieskitokiperformkitaskskiratherkithankireasonkithroughkiand
understandkithekipurposekiofkitheirkiactions.
C. MostkimodernkinurseskipursuekiMaster’skilevelkieducationkibeyondkitheirkipractice-
basedkiBachelor’skieducation.
D. Thekilastki30kiyearskihavekiseenkinursingkieducationkimovekiawaykifromkiphysician-
taughtkicourseskiinkihospitalskitokiprofessor-taughtkicourseskiatkiuniversities.
Ans:k i B
2. Duringkitheki1960s,kiwhykididkinursingkischolarskiheavilykiemphasizekiakifocuskionkithekith
eoreticalkidevelopmentkiofkinursingkiaskiitskiown,kiindependentkidiscipline?
A. Tokisupportkidoctoralkieducationkiforkinurseskithatkiwaskidisciplinekispecific
B. Tokiprovekithatkithekilogicalkipositivistkiapproachkiwaskiakipoorkifitkiforkithekidiscipline
C. Tokiencouragekiandkienhancekithekicontinuedkidevelopmentkiofkinursingkiscience
D.
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Tokipromotekiresearchkibykinurseskiinkiallkifields,kinotkimerelykinursingki
sciencekiAns:k i C
3. Whichkiargumentkibestkisupportskithekiideakiofkinursingkiaskiakiprofessionalkidisciplinekirat
herkithankai nkiacademickidiscipline?
A. “Nursingkiiskiankiappliedkiscience.k i Itskipracticekicomponentkiplaceskiankiemphasiskionkithe
deliverykiofkiservicekibykinurseskiratherkithankithekidevelopmentkiofkiacademickiknowledge.”
B. “Nursingkiiskiakidisciplinekiwithkiuniquekisubstance.kiItkiborrowskiverykilittlekifromkiothe
rkidisciplineskiand,kiaskiakiresult,kiiskibeyondkithekirealmkiofkimostkiacademickiprogramskiinkit
hekiscienceskithatkiacknowledgekiideakisharingkiacrosskidisciplines.”
C. “Nursingkiiskiakiconceptkiwithkiakilengthykiunofficialkihistory.kiIndividualskihavekibeenkipr
ovidingkinursingkicarekitokiotherskisincekithekiCrusades,kiandkithiskiprofessionalkiprovisionkiofki
serviceskipredateskiformalkieducationkiinkithekifield.”
D. “Nursingkiiskiakirelativekinewcomerkitokiadvancedkieducation.kiForkimanykiyears,kinurseski
werekieducatedkiorkitrainedkionlykiatkiakiBachelor’skilevel,kiandkiadvancedkipracticekithereforeki
haskiitskirootskiinkti hekiprofessionkiitselfkiratherkithankiinkiacademia.”
Ans:k i A
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