Penn Foster
Pharmacology Proctor
Exam Practice Questions
and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,t.i.d
q.i.d
b.i.d - Answer: three times a day (ter in die)
four times a day (quater in die)
twice a day (bis in die)
Pharmacokinetics - Answer: complex series of events involving how the body reacts to the movement
of drugs in the body. Occurs after drug administration
Pharmacodynamics - Answer: study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their
mechanism of action in the body.
nebulizer - Answer: device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory
treatment
(to kill small organisms or open lungs)
metered-dose inhaler - Answer: handheld device that produces a medicated spray for inhalation.
anesthetic gases - Answer: gaseous forms given with vaporizers
transdermal (topical) drugs - Answer: drugs placed on the skin (patch) allowing slow absorption over
time
concentration gradient - Answer: drugs moving from areas of higher concentration to lower
concentration
Bioavailability - Answer: measures the amount of drug that gets absorbed and is available to patient
water-soluble drugs - Answer: Drugs that dissolve in water and tend to stay in the bloodstream and
either stay free or bond to various proteins (albumin)
, lipid-soluble drugs - Answer: drugs absorbed by bodily fats and move out of the bloodstream into the
interstitial space (between organs and tissues)
fat, liver, bone, and kidneys act as storage sites for these drugs.
placenta - Answer: blood brain barrier preventing blood from entering the brain tissues. may also
interfere with the absorption of certain drugs. provides nutrients to fetus.
drug excretion - Answer: the process of eliminating medications, through the liver (bile), kidneys
(urine), but also through mammary glands, sweat, feces, and saliva.
residues - Answer: drugs that will appear in the animal's milk or meat products, can cause allergic
reactions or cause bacteria to become resistant to certain antibiotics. can result in cancer.
efficacy - Answer: degree to which desired effect is achieved
potency - Answer: amount of drug needed to produce desired effect.
represented by a dose-responsive curve
lethal dose (LD50) - Answer: Dose that's lethal to kill 50% of animals given that drug
effective dose (ED50) - Answer: Dose that produced the desired effect in 50% of animals given that
drug
elixirs - Answer: compound liquid meds held in a solution by alcohol, contain flavorings to mask the
drug taste.
4 types of syringes - Answer: 1) Slip tip- most common
2) Luer lock- screw top, thick fluids
3) Eccentric tip- larger volumes into a vein
4) Catheter tip- good for oral feedings
Pharmacology Proctor
Exam Practice Questions
and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,t.i.d
q.i.d
b.i.d - Answer: three times a day (ter in die)
four times a day (quater in die)
twice a day (bis in die)
Pharmacokinetics - Answer: complex series of events involving how the body reacts to the movement
of drugs in the body. Occurs after drug administration
Pharmacodynamics - Answer: study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their
mechanism of action in the body.
nebulizer - Answer: device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory
treatment
(to kill small organisms or open lungs)
metered-dose inhaler - Answer: handheld device that produces a medicated spray for inhalation.
anesthetic gases - Answer: gaseous forms given with vaporizers
transdermal (topical) drugs - Answer: drugs placed on the skin (patch) allowing slow absorption over
time
concentration gradient - Answer: drugs moving from areas of higher concentration to lower
concentration
Bioavailability - Answer: measures the amount of drug that gets absorbed and is available to patient
water-soluble drugs - Answer: Drugs that dissolve in water and tend to stay in the bloodstream and
either stay free or bond to various proteins (albumin)
, lipid-soluble drugs - Answer: drugs absorbed by bodily fats and move out of the bloodstream into the
interstitial space (between organs and tissues)
fat, liver, bone, and kidneys act as storage sites for these drugs.
placenta - Answer: blood brain barrier preventing blood from entering the brain tissues. may also
interfere with the absorption of certain drugs. provides nutrients to fetus.
drug excretion - Answer: the process of eliminating medications, through the liver (bile), kidneys
(urine), but also through mammary glands, sweat, feces, and saliva.
residues - Answer: drugs that will appear in the animal's milk or meat products, can cause allergic
reactions or cause bacteria to become resistant to certain antibiotics. can result in cancer.
efficacy - Answer: degree to which desired effect is achieved
potency - Answer: amount of drug needed to produce desired effect.
represented by a dose-responsive curve
lethal dose (LD50) - Answer: Dose that's lethal to kill 50% of animals given that drug
effective dose (ED50) - Answer: Dose that produced the desired effect in 50% of animals given that
drug
elixirs - Answer: compound liquid meds held in a solution by alcohol, contain flavorings to mask the
drug taste.
4 types of syringes - Answer: 1) Slip tip- most common
2) Luer lock- screw top, thick fluids
3) Eccentric tip- larger volumes into a vein
4) Catheter tip- good for oral feedings
