Exam 2: NSG316 / NSG 316 (Latest
Update ) Health
Assessment Exam | Questions and
Verified Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - GCU
Question:
Flaccidity
Answer:
Decreased muscle tone or hypotonia; muscle feels limp, soft, and flabby;
muscle is weak and easily fatigued; limb feels like a rag doll.
Lower motor neuron injury anywhere from the anterior horn cell in the spinal
cord to the peripheral nerve (peripheral neuritis, poliomy
Question:
Spasticity
Answer:
Increased tone or hypertonia; increased resistance to passive lengthening;
then may suddenly give way (clasp-knife phenomenon) like a pocket knife
sprung open
,Upper motor neuron injury to corticospinal motor tract (e.g., paralysis with
stroke develops spasticity days or weeks after incident)
Question:
Rigidity
Answer:
Constant state of resistance (lead-pipe rigidity); resists passive movement in
any direction; dystonia
Injury to extrapyramidal motor tracts (e.g., basal ganglia with parkinsonism)
Question:
Cogwheel rigidity
Answer:
Type of rigidity in which the increased tone is released by degrees during
passive range of motion so it feels like small, regular jerks
Parkinsonism
, Question:
Patterns of Motor System Dysfunction: Cerebral palsy
Answer:
Mixed group of paralytic neuromotor disorders of infancy and childhood; due
to damage to cerebral cortex from a developmental defect, intrauterine
meningitis or encephalitis, birth trauma, anoxia, or kernicterus.
Question:
Patterns of Motor System Dysfunction: Muscular dystrophy
Answer:
Chronic, progressive wasting of skeletal musculature, which produces
weakness, contractures, and in severe cases respiratory dysfunction and
death. Onset of symptoms in childhood. Many types; most severe is
Duchenne dystrophy, characterized by the waddling gait in Table 24.6.
Question:
Patterns of Motor System Dysfunction: Hemiplegia
Answer:
Damage to corticospinal tract (stroke). UMN damage occurs above the
pyramidal decussation crossover; thus motor impairment is on contralateral
(opposite) side. Initially flaccid when lesion is acute; later the muscles
become spastic, and abnormal reflexes appear. Characteristic posture: arm—
shoulder adducted, elbow flexed, wrist pronated, leg extended; face—
weakness only in lower muscles. Hyperreflexia and possible clonus on the
involved side; loss of corneal and cremasteric reflexes; positive Babinski and
Hoffman reflexes.
Update ) Health
Assessment Exam | Questions and
Verified Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - GCU
Question:
Flaccidity
Answer:
Decreased muscle tone or hypotonia; muscle feels limp, soft, and flabby;
muscle is weak and easily fatigued; limb feels like a rag doll.
Lower motor neuron injury anywhere from the anterior horn cell in the spinal
cord to the peripheral nerve (peripheral neuritis, poliomy
Question:
Spasticity
Answer:
Increased tone or hypertonia; increased resistance to passive lengthening;
then may suddenly give way (clasp-knife phenomenon) like a pocket knife
sprung open
,Upper motor neuron injury to corticospinal motor tract (e.g., paralysis with
stroke develops spasticity days or weeks after incident)
Question:
Rigidity
Answer:
Constant state of resistance (lead-pipe rigidity); resists passive movement in
any direction; dystonia
Injury to extrapyramidal motor tracts (e.g., basal ganglia with parkinsonism)
Question:
Cogwheel rigidity
Answer:
Type of rigidity in which the increased tone is released by degrees during
passive range of motion so it feels like small, regular jerks
Parkinsonism
, Question:
Patterns of Motor System Dysfunction: Cerebral palsy
Answer:
Mixed group of paralytic neuromotor disorders of infancy and childhood; due
to damage to cerebral cortex from a developmental defect, intrauterine
meningitis or encephalitis, birth trauma, anoxia, or kernicterus.
Question:
Patterns of Motor System Dysfunction: Muscular dystrophy
Answer:
Chronic, progressive wasting of skeletal musculature, which produces
weakness, contractures, and in severe cases respiratory dysfunction and
death. Onset of symptoms in childhood. Many types; most severe is
Duchenne dystrophy, characterized by the waddling gait in Table 24.6.
Question:
Patterns of Motor System Dysfunction: Hemiplegia
Answer:
Damage to corticospinal tract (stroke). UMN damage occurs above the
pyramidal decussation crossover; thus motor impairment is on contralateral
(opposite) side. Initially flaccid when lesion is acute; later the muscles
become spastic, and abnormal reflexes appear. Characteristic posture: arm—
shoulder adducted, elbow flexed, wrist pronated, leg extended; face—
weakness only in lower muscles. Hyperreflexia and possible clonus on the
involved side; loss of corneal and cremasteric reflexes; positive Babinski and
Hoffman reflexes.
