Pharm 1 (Ameritech) Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers Rated A+

Pharm 1 (Ameritech) Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers Rated A+ What is meant by parenteral medication administration? Answer: Administering medication through injection into the body, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. Define enteral medication administration. Answer: Delivering medication through the gastrointestinal tract, typically by swallowing a pill or liquid. What is anaphylaxis? Answer: An acute and severe allergic reaction that can lead to life-threatening symptoms. What are the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis? Answer: Symptoms include hives, low blood pressure, and increased heart rate. How is anaphylaxis treated? 2 Answer: Treatment involves administering epinephrine and intravenous Benadryl to alleviate severe allergic reactions. Maintaining the airway is the top priority. What are the characteristics of an ideal drug? Answer: An ideal drug treats, prevents, or cures conditions without interactions, adverse effects, and is inexpensive. It should require once-daily use or less, with a rapid and predictable response. Define prototype drug. Answer: A model drug against which other medications are compared for efficacy and safety. What does Pregnancy Category X indicate? Answer: Pregnancy Category X signifies that the risk of using the drug during pregnancy outweighs any potential benefit. Define drug tolerance. Answer: Drug tolerance is the reduced response to narcotics or sedatives, necessitating higher doses to achieve the desired effect. 3 What is an allergy in medical terms? Answer: An allergy is a hypersensitive immune reaction triggered by previous exposure to a specific substance. How does malignant hyperthermia occur? Answer: Malignant hyperthermia is triggered by certain anesthetics, leading to a rapid rise in body temperature, muscle rigidity, and increased heart rate. What is the antidote for malignant hyperthermia? Answer: Dantrolene (Dantrium) is used as the antidote for malignant hyperthermia. What are the signs and symptoms of malignant hyperthermia? Answer: Symptoms include dangerously high body temperature, tachycardia, and muscle rigidity. How are antibiotics eliminated from the body? Answer: Antibiotics are primarily excreted through the kidneys. 4 Define pernicious anemia. Answer: Pernicious anemia results from Vitamin B12 deficiency due to lack of intrinsic factor, requiring lifelong B12 injections for treatment. What is a black box warning in pharmaceutical terms? Answer: A black box warning is the FDA's most serious cautionary notice before considering withdrawal of a medication from the market. Define patent medicines. Answer: Patent medicines are historically medications sold directly to the public under various trademarked names, predominantly before 1906. Explain the term "placebo." Answer: A placebo is an inert substance (like