How gene mutation may influence the structure of a protein

Describe how a gene mutation may influence the structure of a protein. Also use
ONE example to describe the role of mutations in evolution in present times
MUTATIONS AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
• A mutation is a change in the nucleotide/nitrogenous base sequence
• of a DNA molecule/a gene
• since mRNA is copied from the DNA molecule
• during transcription
• This will result in a change in the codons
• As a result, different tRNA molecules
• carrying different amino acid will be required
• The sequence of amino acids changes
• resulting in the formation of a different protein
• If the same amino acid is coded for
• there will be no change in the protein structure


MUTATIONS AND EVOLUTION IN PRESENT TIMES



• In a population of insects/bacteria/HI viruses/Galápagos' finches - mutations
are a
source of variation
• which may make some organisms more resistant/better suited
• to insecticides/antibiotics/antiretroviral medication/ drought
• Those individuals that are not resistant/suited will die
• whereas - those that are resistant/ well suited, will survive
• to pass the resistant allele/resistance on to their offspring
• This is known as natural selection
• As a result, individuals of the future generations will be resistant to the
insecticides/antibiotics/antiretroviral medication/adapted to drought