Pathophysiology MD3001 Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update | A+

1st Breath effect on Vascular Resistance Ans: Pulmonary vascular resistance drops due to a decrease in right atrial pressure and an increase in left atrial pressure (due to increased venous return. This causes Foramen ovale to close. 75% of all foramen ovales close structurally in infancy. Left to right shunt examples Ans: ASD, VSD, PDA Is asymptomatic or causes breathlessness Right to left shunt Ans: Tetralogy of Fallot Transposition of the great arteries. Pulmonary valve atresia Tricuspid atresia Trunks arteriosus. Common mixing Ans: AVSD Complex congenital heart disease Causes breathlessness and blue. Well children with obstruction Ans: Aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, Adult type aortic coarcation Asymptomatic Sick neonates with obstruction Ans: Infant type coarcation Hypoplastic left hear syndrome Aortic stenosis Unfinished aortic arch These all cause duct dependent circulation resulting in collapse within first few days of life. Cyanotic cardiovascular abnormalities Ans: Tetralogy of Fallot Transposition of the great vessels Tricuspid atresia Trunks arteriosus Hypoplastic left heart PULMonary atresia. Acyanotic Cardiovascular abnormalities Ans: VSD, ASD Aortic and pulmonary stenosis Patent ductus arterisus Aortic coarctation. Most obstructive lessions are non cyanotic. Ventricular septal defect Ans: Most common congenital heart disease.