BIO 120 Evolution Unit 3 Towson Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions

"Survival of the fittest" - Answer-Natural selection results in the survival of individuals whoa re best for the current environment given the current variants in the population Adaption - Answer-Traits that increase an individual's fitness in a particular environment Antibiotic - Answer-anti-bacterial and cannon eliminate a viral infection. Treats existing disease. Are human races biological groups? - Answer-No human races are not. There are no race specific alleles. Artificial selection - Answer-Humans act as environment. Seen in animals Seen in plants Behavioral Isolation - Answer-No mate attraction due to behavioral differences No mating Biogeography - Answer-Pattern of distribution of species on the continetns Bottleneck Effect - Answer-disease kills of members Conditions must occur for speciation? - Answer-Separation, Genetic Divergence, and reproductive isolation Convergence - Answer-Different structures for similar functions; Directional Selection - Answer-the traits move in a particular directionDisruptive/Diversifying Selection - Answer-the average condition is the least fit. Divergence - Answer-comparable body parts became modified in different ways in descent from a common ancestor Ecological Isolation - Answer-Different micro-climates, no mating Evolution - Answer-A process of change in the characteristics of a population of organisms over the course of generations. Fitness - Answer-The relative survival and reproduction of one variant compared to others in the same population is its fitness Fossil - Answer-organic material in living things that have been buried degrades and is replaced by minerals Founder effect - Answer-small part of the population moves to a new area & they bring only a portion of the gene pool. Gamete Isolation - Answer-Mating, No ferilization, Gametes don't fuse. Gene Pool - Answer-all of the alleles in a population Homology - Answer-the similarity in characteristics that has resulted from common ancestry How do mutations affect populations? - Answer-Causes diversity. Can give an advantage or cause death. How does mate selection affect populations? - Answer-Alleles for preferred traits prevail over certain generations.How does migration affect populations? (hint: gene flow) - Answer-A phyiscal flow of alleles between populations, tends to counter genetic differences that we expect to arise through mutations and natural selection. How does pesticide resistance work? - Answer-Mutations causes chromosome with gene conferring resistance to pesticide... reproduction causes that gene to spread making pesticide lesss effective How does plate tectonics relate to biogeography? - Answer-Species do not develop separately, each in the best way for that environment. Species more closely match those that are geographically nearby. Hybrid Infertility - Answer-Mating, Fertilization, Hybrid offspring survives, Hybrid is sterile Hybrid Inviability - Answer-Mating, Fertilization, Hybrid doesn't survive long after conception Immune System First Line Of Defense - Answer-Skin and mucous members