NCLEX PN Pharmacology Review

Acarbose - oral antidiabetic agent that postpones the absorption of glucose Administer regular and NPH insulin steps - swab top of both insulin bottles with alcohol wipe, insert air into NPH insulin equal to dose, remove and insert air in regular insulin equal to dose, then withdraw dose from regular insulin and administer then withdraw correct dose from NPH insulin and admin subcutaneously Albuterol (Proventil) - activates beta2-adrenergic receptors in the heart, increase in heart rate is a side effect Alendronate (Fosamax) - admin on empty stomach with 8oz water, may cause esophageal ulcerations if lodged in esophagus, remain upright for 30min after admin Amphotericin B - adverse reaction is ototoxicity (vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss) Anaphylaxis Behavioral signs - apprehension, uneasiness, restlessness and anxiety Atorvastatin (Lipitor) and fenofibrate (TriCor) - treats hypercholesterolemia, both meds may cause myopathy, pt has increased risk for myopathy than if either taken alone Baclofen - antispasmodic, decreased muscle spasticity in client w/ MS, can cause urinary retention, drowsiness in early phase of therapy, hypotension Benzodiazepine (Lorazepam) - withdrawal causes tremors and dizziness making ADL's difficult to perform Bethanechol - muscarinic agonist that increases GI motility leading to abdominal cramps and diarrhea Captopril - treat HTN, greatest risk to pt is infection r/t neutropenia therefore unexplained fever, sore throat, and fatigue can indicate and infection and provider should be notified CD4 T-cell count - indicates the status of the pts immune system, a rise indicates return of immune function for HIV