Pediatric Nursing (Wong's Essentials): Chapter 1

A nurse explains to a young patient's parent that, in children, the frequency of certain diseases decreases with age. Which condition should the nurse state as an example to prove her point? a. Headaches b. Acne c. Type 1 diabetes mellitus d. Tonsillitis - d (Rationale: The types of illnesses that children contract are dependent on age. The incidence of upper respiratory tract infections like tonsillitis decreases with age. Headaches and acne increase in frequency with age. Type 1 or juvenile diabetes is not associated with a specific age.) A nurse is delivering a lecture to a group of parents on child health and diseases. What is the most common cause of death in children older than 1 year? A. Obesity B. Type 2 diabetes C. Motor vehicle accidents D. Heart disease - C (Rationale: Motor vehicle accidents are the most common cause of death in children over 1 year of age. Obesity is the most common nutritional problem in children and can lead to type 2 diabetes. Incidents related to death due to heart diseases, such as coronary heart disease, in children are not that common.) A nurse understands that moral values are important in any decision making. What does the moral value autonomy refer to? a. The obligation to prevent or minimize harm b. The patient's right to be self-governing c. The concept of fairness d. The obligation to promote the patient's well-being - b (Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to be self-governing and make decisions about his or her own healthcare. The obligation to prevent or minimize harm is called nonmaleficence. The concept of fairness is called justice. The obligation to promote the patient's well-being is called beneficence.)