NSG 123 Exam Four In-Class Review Questions & Answers Solved 100% Correct!!

Delirium: - Answer-State of temporary acute mental confusion. Usually develops over a 2-3 day person. It is life-threatening & possibly preventable syndrome. Most frequent complication of hospitalization in older adults. Priority of safety and treating underlying cause. Delirium, often called acute confusional state, begins with disorientation and, if not recognized and treated, can progress to changes in level of consciousness, irreversible brain damage, and sometimes death Dementia - Answer-Initial symptoms are related to changes in cognitive function. The cognitive, functional, and behavioral changes that characterize dementia eventually destroy a person's ability to function. The symptoms are usually subtle in onset and often progress slowly until they are obvious and devastating. Family members often report to doctor: Memory loss, Mild disorientation, Trouble with words and/or numbers Early vs. Later Signs of Alzheimer's - Answer-Early: Patients still have the ability do things for themselves Late: patient cant swallow, incontinence, skin break down, ADLs What can you delegate to a UAP with a dementia patient? - Answer-Communicate with dementia patient Use ques to avoid confusion Let them do what they can do for themselves Repositioning Toileting Signs/Symptoms of Abuse in Dementia Patients - Answer-Bruise Pressure Ulcer Continue to assess for any other signs to report as abuse Diagnostic Test for Parkinson's - Answer-Use of Levodopa for one week Nursing Interventions for Parkinson's - Answer-Safety AspirationDietary consult for weight loss Supplemental feedings Weight weekly Help with meals What type of exercise can a patient with Parkinson's not do? - Answer-Treadmill 3 Keys to Communication with Parkinson's Patient - Answer-Speak slow Short Sentances Face Client Why do we give levodopa/carbidopa together? - Answer-Carbidopa prevents premature absorption of levodopa Risk Factors for Seizures - Answer-CNS infection Alcohol Head injury What do interventions for seizures focus on? - Answer-Safety How is an aura with a seizure beneficial - Answer-help us determine what part of the brain is initiating the seizure First thing to do for a patient with history of seizures - Answer-Implement seizure precautions What medications may be given during Status Epilepticus - Answer-Ativan or Valium What is the goal of vagus nerve stimulation? - Answer-Decrease length of seizureWhat medications can affect thyroid lab values? - Answer-Contraceptives Anything with iodine Two teaching aspects about Phenytoin (Dilantin) - Answer-Can cause osteoporosis so increase calcium intake Can cause gingivitis so good oral care is necessary Teaching to prevent constipation in hypothyroidism - Answer-Increase fiber Exercise Drink water 2 Things to Teach Patients about Thyroid Replacement Hormone - Answer-Cannot stop taking, lifelong Up to 6months for results/improvement What is contraindicated when taking Levothyroxine? - Answer-Antacids When is levothyroxine best absorbed - Answer-atleast 2 hours before meals What medication cannot be given to someone who has a severe fever due to thyroid storm? - AnswerAspirin Who is at highest risk for thyroid cancer - Answer-Anyone who has had radiation therapy What medication can we give a patient with hyperthyroidism with tachycardia and hypertension - Answer-Beta-Blocker (Propranolol) 2 Things to Know about After Insulin Administration - Answer-Do not massage site Do not wrap injection siteWhat do you do in a hypoglycemic emergency when patient cannot swallow - Answer-Injection of Glucagon Complication associated with increased urination - Answer-Electrolyte Imbalance