Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Latest Version Graded A+

Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Latest Version Graded A+ volcano a weak spot in the crust where magma has come through the surface magma the molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases and water from the mantle lava liquid magma that reaches Earth's surface Ring of Fire a major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean island arc a string of volcanoes that form as a result of subduction of one oceanic plate beneath a second oceanic plate hot spot an area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it magma chamber the pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects pipe a long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to earths surface vent the opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano lava flow the area covered by lava as it pours out of a volcano's vent crater a bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening silica a material found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon; it is primary substance of Earth's crust and mantle pyroclastic flow the flow of ash, cinders, bombs and gases down the side of a volcano during an explosive eruption dormant not currently active but able to become active in the future extinct term used to describe a volcano that is no longer active and unlikely to erupt again caldera the large hole at the top of a volcano formed when a roof of a volcano's magma chamber collapses cinder cone a steep, cone shaped hill or small mountain made of volcanic ash, cinders, and bombs piled up around a volcano's opening composite volcano a tall, cone shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash and other volcanic materials shield volcano a wide, gently sloping mountain made of layers of lava an formed by quiet eruptions volcanic neck a deposit of hardened magma in a volcano's pipe dike a slab of volcanic rock formed when magma forces itself across rock layers sill a slab of volcanic rock formed when magma squeezes between layers of rock batholith a mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust. Aa basaltic lava having a rough surface