Government 2305 Exam 1 Chapters 1-5 Questions With Correct Solutions

Government 2305 Exam 1 Chapters 1-5 Questions With Correct Solutions Government 2305 Exam 1 Chapters 1-5 Which Supreme Court case established that the right to privacy was implied by other constitutional rights - ANS Griswold v. Connecticut The clause of the Constitution prohibiting the federal government from adopting an official religion is known as what? - ANS Establishment Clause The textbook mentions that some states and cities allow citizens to vote on laws and policies without them being made by the normal legislative process. What is this known as - ANS Direct Democracy Which state was the last to ratify the U.S. Constitution? - ANS Rhode Island Which provision of the Constitution stipulates that legal documents in one state must be recognized by other states as well? - ANS Full Faith and Credit Clause Legal and constitutional provisions that protect citizens from government actions, limiting what the government can do, are known as? - ANS Civil Rights What event is considered to be the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement by African Americans in the United States? - ANS The arrest of Rosa Parks and boycott of the Montgomery, Alabama bus system The feeling that government cares for your opinion and that you can influence government is known as what? - ANS Political efficacy Protections for the freedom of speech, religion, and press, as well as the right to assemble and petition are contained in which amendment? - ANS First Which "Plan" debated during the Constitutional Convention greatly favored larger states and called for representation in Congress to be only determined by population? - ANS Virginia Plan A core idea for American political culture, the freedom from government control is known as what? - ANS Liberty Which amendment to the Constitution guaranteed equal protection under the law for African-Americans after the Civil War, but has also been used to extend civil rights to many other groups? - ANS Fourteenth What event led to the closure of an American harbor by the British Crown? - ANS Boston Tea Party True or False? Laws that discriminate based on gender are always unconstitutional. - ANS False True or False? In general, Americans are trusting in their government and its actions. - ANS False What event in American history most proved the need for a strong central government? - ANS Shay's Rebellion Which "Compromise" during the Constitutional Convention established a bicameral legislature with different forms of representation? - ANS The Great Compromise Which U.S. Supreme Court case ruled that same-sex marriages were legal nationwide? - ANS Obergefell v. Hodges State and local laws created to enforce racial segregation in the Southern states even after the Civil War were known as what? - ANS Jim Crow Laws Supporters of the new form of government outlined in the Constitution that called for its ratification were known as? - ANS Federalists Article I of the U.S. Constitution sets up what branch of the government? - ANS Legislative What event in American history can be thought of as the ultimate battle for supremacy? - ANS The Civil War What pamphlet, published in 1776, was widely considered the most important publication of the American Revolution because of its simple explanation of an independent America? - ANS Common Sense The Implied Powers of the federal government are mostly derived from what clause of the Constitution? - ANS Necessary and Proper Clause The stopping of an activity before it happens by the government, often found in censorship of the media, is known as what? - ANS Prior Restraint What document can be considered a 'first draft' of the U.S. Constitution? - ANS Articles of Confederation True or False? In the case Snyder v. Phelps, the Supreme Court deemed that the actions taken by Fred Phelps and Westboro Baptist Church were constitutional. - ANS True Which amendment to the Constitution stated that the powers not delegated to the national government or prohibited to the states were "reserved to the states"? - ANS Tenth What did the Anti-Federalists most call for to be added to the U.S. Constitution? - ANS Bill of Rights The series of publications written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay supporting ratification of the Constitution were known as what? - ANS Federalist Papers A powerful check that the judicial branch has over both the executive and legislative branches that allows them to deem a presidential or Congressional act as unconstitutional is known as? - ANS Judicial Review Federalism is a hybrid or combination of what two alternative systems of government? - ANS Unitary and Confederal According to the textbook, the main reason that most efforts to amend the Constitution have failed is because? - ANS They were simply attempts to use the Constitution as an alternative to legislation for dealing with a specific public problem A system of government in which power is divided between a central government and regional governments, each with their own authority is called? - ANS Federal What is the name of the process in New Federalism of returning powers to the states from the national government? - ANS Devolution True or False? The U.S. system of government described in the Constitution was designed to get things done quickly. - ANS False Which of these is NOT true about the Supreme Court case Roe v. Wade? - ANS Roe v. Wade was overturned in 1996 Laws being challenged in the Supreme Court under the Equal Protection Clause that involve discrimination of a fundamental right on the basis of race is subject to which type of scrutiny? - ANS Strict Scrutiny What system of government is described as one in which supreme political authority rests with the people? - ANS Democracy True or False? States have the right to enforce laws banning the desecration of an American flag. - ANS False Which of these practices in public schools has NOT been deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court? - ANS Teaching of Evalution Which of these is NOT a major principle established in the U.S. Constitution? - ANS State Supremacy The standard by which the Supreme Court determines if government action towards religion is allowed is known as what? - ANS The lemon Test The Three-Fifths Compromise in the Constitutional Convention dealt with what? - ANS How slaves would be counted toward representation by population The Supreme Court case _____________ established the principle of separate but equal, and the Supreme Court case ______________ overturned this principle. - ANS Plessy v Ferguson; Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka __________ is best defined as a policy that gives special consideration, in jobs and college admissions, to members of groups that have been discriminated against in the past. - ANS Affirmative Action What Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review? - ANS Marbury v. Madison The system put into place in the U.S. Constitution to keep the one branch of the government from becoming too powerful is called? - ANS Checks and Balances A published falsehood that injures a person's reputation or character that is not protected by the first amendment is called what? - ANS Libel Actions taken under an executive order issued by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1942 evacuated most of the West Coast __________ population to internment camps or "relocation centers." - ANS Japanese American