ONS Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate| accurate 100%

ONS Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate| accurate 100% 3 major phases of cell division: - ANSWER Interphase Mitotic phase Cytokinesis 3 steps of interphase: - ANSWER First growth phase (G1) Synthesis phase (S phase) Second growth phase (G2) 4 phases of mitosis: - ANSWER Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Innate immunity: - ANSWER Non-specific response, either: 1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut) 2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes, macrophages) Adaptive immunity: - ANSWER Follows innate immunity if unsuccessful. Memory immunity, including: 1. Humoral immunity (production of antibodies or immunoglobulins) 2. Cell mediated immunity (dependent upon T cells) 3. Regulatory T -cells (prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory responses) Define mutations - ANSWER Variations in the nucleotide sequence of a gene 3 main goals of treatment: - ANSWER Cure Control Palliation Define neoadjuvant therapy - ANSWER Treatment is given prior to surgery to shrink the tumor Define adjuvant therapy - ANSWER Additional cancer treatment given after the primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer reoccur Define conditioning/preparative therapy - ANSWER Treatments used to prepare a patient for stem cell transplantation 2 types of conditioning therapies: - ANSWER Myeloablative Nonmyeloablative Define dose density - ANSWER Drug dose per unit of time Define dose intensity - ANSWER Amount of drug delivered over time How is relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated? - ANSWER By comparing the dose that the patient ACTUALLY received to the planned dose of the standard regimen How do alkylating agents work? - ANSWER By causing a break in the DNA helix strand, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell death 3 subcategories of alkylating agents: - ANSWER 1. Nitrogen mustards 2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating agents as they work similarly) 3. Nitrosoureas Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: - ANSWER Nitrogen mustards Common alkylating agents: - ANSWER Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) Ifosfamide (Ifex) Bendamustine (Treanda) Common platinum-based agents: - ANSWER Cisplatin (Platinol) Carboplatin (Paraplatin) What is unique about nitrosoureas agents? - ANSWER Able to cross the blood-brain