BMS 300 Exam 2 (With correct answers)

The Neuron Doctrine correct answers the neuron is the fundamental unit of the nervous system Law of Dynamic polarization correct answers Although the axon can conduct in both directions, in tissue there is a preferred direction for transmission from cell to cell. Central Nervous System correct answers composed of the brain and the spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System correct answers consisting of the nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord with the body's muscles and glands sense organs and other tissues Neuron correct answers The basic unit of the nervous system operate by generating electrical signals that move from one part of the cell to another part of the same cell or neighboring cell. Neurotransmitters correct answers chemical messengers used to communicate with other cells Processes correct answers connect neurons to each other and preform the neurons input and output functions Cell body correct answers contains the nucleus and ribosomes has the genetic information and machinery for protein synthesis Dendrites correct answers series of highly branched outgrowths of the cell body. In the PNS receive incoming sensory information and transfer it to the intergrting region of sensory neurons. In CNS receive most of the inputs from other neurons. Axon terminal correct answers responsible for relasing neurotransmitters from the axon. Myelin correct answers axon of many neurons are covered by sheaths. 20-200 layers of highly modified plasma membrane wrapped around the axon supporting the cell. Speeds up conduction of electrical signals along the axon and conserves energy. Oligodendrocytes correct answers myelin forming cells in the CNS gilal cell inhibitory to neuronal growth Schwann Cells correct answers Glial cell in the PNS forming mylein wraps around axons/ conductive regions in the PNS permit axonal regrowth allows for damage to repair Nodes of Ranvier correct answers The spaces between adjacent sections of myelin where the axon's plasma membrane is exposed to extracellular fluid Afferent Neurons correct answers convey information from the tissues and organs of the body towards the CNS. Propagate electrical signals from their receptors into the brain or spinal cord.