PHLEBOTOMY NATIONAL EXAM (NHA) With 100% correct answers

PHLEBOTOMY NATIONAL EXAM (NHA) While transferring serum into an isolator tube, some blood splashes into your eyes. What must you do? - ANS Rinse your eyes with water for 15 minutes You are conducting a streptococcal pharyngitis test on a pa-tient. What transmission-based precaution should you take? - ANS Droplet You observe a glucometer reading of 250 mL/dL. You get a reading in the average range when you do a second test. What may have caused the first result? - ANS You used too much blood You are to perform a glucometer reading for a young adult while the patient's parent is in the room. The parent asks what the patient's glucose level is. What should you do? - ANS Ask the patient for permission to provide the results to the parent You are about to collect a blood sample when you find a cracked glass collection tube. What must you do? - ANS Dispose of the tube in a sharps container What information must be included when filling out a glucose monitor quality control record? - ANS The date that battery is changed Other than gloves, what PPE should you wear when performing venipuncture for a patient with pneumonia? - ANS Face mask After completing a venipunc-ture in an isolation room, what personal protective equipment should you remove first? - ANS Gloves If you receive a needlestick injury, for what bloodborne pathogen are you at most significant risk? - ANS Hepatitis B virus (HBV) What of the following actions must you do when collecting a blood culture? - ANS Rub the site with isopropyl alcohol for 30 seconds What solution should be used to clean a spill of cerebral spinal fluid? - ANS Chlorine-bleach After receiving a needlestick in-jury, what information must you input in the online sharps injury log? - ANS The department where the injury happened What antiseptic should you use during a blood alcohol test? - ANS Chlorhexidine gluconate At a minimum, what personal protective equipment do you need to prepare to aliquot a blood specimen? - ANS Face shield and gloves A centrifuge catches on fire. In what class of fire should this situation be identified? - ANS Class C When collecting a sample for cholesterol, troponin, and HDL blood results, in which department should these tests be pro-cessed? - ANS Chemistry You collect a blood collection in a micro collection container after two failed venipuncture at-tempts. Why should you write on the medical requisition form that you collected the - ANS To alert the lab of the presence of capillary blood What is the correct way to perform CPR on an infant as a medical professional? - ANS 30 compressions, 5.08 cm (2 in) deep A patient has a wound infected with MRSA (methicillin-resist-ant Staphylococcus aureus). You are tasked with performing venipuncture for this patient. What must you do once you complete the procedure? - ANS Dispose of gloves upon leaving the room You are about to perform the third set of blood draws for a glucose tolerance test (GTT) when the patient starts to cry and does not want to extend her arm. What is the best thing to say? - ANS "May I come back in an hour to perform the draw?" Which of the following statements regarding standard precautions for infection control is false? - ANS Use both hands to recap needles Antisepsis is a technique that is used on which of the following? - ANS skin How often should latex gloves be changed? - ANS Between patient contacts Once you have stopped excessive bleeding, what should you apply over the site? - ANS Pressure bandage The patient may leave when the bleeding has stopped com-pletely, and there are no signs of - ANS Syncope What is the difference between syncope and hypovolemic shock? - ANS Fainting may be caused by pain or emotions You are performing venipuncture, and a hemorrhage occurs in a limb. What must you do? - ANS Elevate the extremity and continue applying pressure until more medical assistance arrives How long should you scrub hands when washing according to CDC? - ANS 30 seconds Where should you dispose of all contaminated material? - ANS A biohazard bag What is the best way to prevent infection and transmission? - ANS Handwashing When disinfecting a venipunc-ture site, why should you not use cotton balls? - ANS Cotton balls leave behind small fibers Alcohol that has not fully dried on the venipuncture site can lead to - ANS Hemolysis of the specimen What is alcohol's purpose in bacterial testing? - ANS Remove oil What is the purpose of povi-done-iodine in bacterial testing? - ANS Kill bacteria What should you use at the venipuncture site if the patient is allergic to alcohol? - ANS Chlorhexidine gluconate What form must you and the patient sign to permit blood tests to determine exposure? - ANS HIV What is required following accidental exposure to body fluids? - ANS Documentation of the accidental exposure What is the first priority after accidental exposure? - ANS First aid What is the term for the following equipment: gloves, masks, gowns, face shields, and gog-gles? - ANS Personal Protective Equipment What PPE should be worn for venipuncture? - ANS Gloves When should you wash your hands? - ANS before and after every patient What should be done if your gloves are punctured or torn? - ANS Replace the gloves Where should you dispose of used needles and lancets? - ANS Sharps container According to the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard, what two guidelines must all at-risk employees adhere to? - ANS Personal protective equipment ment and HBV immunization What organization establishes regulations for phlebotomists to work as effectively and safely as possible? - ANS OSHA What guidelines protect healthcare professionals from exposure to body fluids, prevent ex-posure, and train for handling situations of body fluid exposure? - ANS Bloodborne Pathogen Standard All phlebotomists and healthcare professionals must deem body fluids as.. - ANS Potentially infectious What information must the sharps injury log include? - ANS Date, time, type of sharps used, staff or patient involved (without names), location, description In the case of a splash risk, what can you use instead of a full-face shield? - ANS Goggles and face mask What independent, non-govern-mental, nonprofit organization accredits and certifies healthcare facilities to focus on the continual importance of quality of care and patient safety? - ANS The Toint Commission (TIC) What organization established the proper order of draw for venipuncture? - ANS Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) What should you first use to disinfect a needlestick injury? - ANS Hydrogen peroxide Starting a procedure without consent is considered - ANS Assault What should you do if a patient refuses care? - ANS Notify a nurse and the ordering physician How should you obtain patient identification from a conscious patient prior to venipuncture? - ANS Ask the patient, "What is your name?" How often should laboratory equipment be cleaned? - ANS Several times a day What lab test is the least complicated to perform, with results that are as accurate as possible and a low risk of error? - ANS CLIA-waived tests What is not considered a sharp? - ANS Glucometer What are the three types of transmission included in trans-mission-based precautions? - ANS Contact, droplet, airborne What types of transmission do mumps, rubella, meningi-tis, diphtheria, and influenza fall under? - ANS Droplet What types of transmission do tuberculosis, rubeola (measles), and varicella (chickenpox) fall under? - ANS Airborne What type of precaution is required for scabies and wound/ skin infections? - ANS Contact What PPE should you use for contact-based transmissions? - ANS Gloves and grown What PPE should you use for droplet-based transmissions? - ANS Mask What PPE should you use for air-borne-based transmissions? - ANS N95 mask When performing CPR, what results in a higher survival rate? - ANS Faster compressions What is the adult compression rate during CPR? - ANS 100-12o compressions per minute Before administering CPR in an emergency, what should you do first? - ANS Call 911 When can you use hand sanitizer instead of handwashing? - ANS When hands are not visibly soiled What PPE gear should you use when dealing with and processing blood samples and specimen containers (i.e., vacuum tubes, urine collections), like loading and unloading the centrifuge and carrying out diagnostic tests? - ANS Gown What items are disposed of in a biohazard bag? - ANS Used glucose test strips What is the normal range for glucose levels? - ANS 60-180 mg/dL On what document should you record equipment maintenance and quality control testing? - ANS Equipment log What happens if the centrifuge is not balanced? - ANS It vibrates more than usual, with more noise How should glucometers be cleaned after each use? - ANS Wiped with an alcohol wipe When obtaining patient identi-fication, which of the following information do you need? - ANS Patient number, full name, date of birth When drawing blood from a patient admitted for cardiac symp-toms, what action should you take when drawing blood? - ANS Collect the patient's blood