Unit 8: Cold War and Decolonization | 55 Questions and Answers (A +solution guided)

What factors led to anti-imperialist sentiments following WWI and WWII? - After WWI the demand for self-determinism greatly rose and after WWII movements for self-determinism increased. WWII weakened the colonial powers, so they couldn't resist independence movements, and the Cold War gave anti-colonialists 2 superpowers to get as supporters. What technological gains were experienced during WWII that allowed for a shift of the global balance of power? - Air pressure systems, refrigeration for food, stronger plywood for construction, a variety of plastics for many uses, and penicillin which saved many lives. Who emerged as global superpowers after WWI and WWII and why? - The Soviet Union and the United States emerged as superpowers because other countries in Europe experienced massive physical destruction and large population losses. What factors caused the Cold War? - Ideological difference between the U.S.'s capitalism and the Soviet Union's communism, the emergence of nuclear weapons in WWII, American fear of the spread of communism, and the shifting balance of power to the U.S. and the SU. What were some of the lasting effects of the Cold War? - The creation of many alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact, proxy wars all throughout the world, the antinuclear weapons movement, continued tension between communist and capitalist countries, and more investment/advancements in science. Why is the Cold War considered an "ideological struggle"? What ideologies were at odds? - Each state was truing to promote their ideology, the U.S.'s capitalism and the SU's communism, while they were trying to stop the spread of the other ideology. Explain the non-alignment movement. - It was made by African and Asian countries that wanted to stay out of the Cold War/not align with or against and side. They also condemned colonialism since many of the countries were colonies.