CBMT Exam (2022/2023) (Verified Answers)

CBMT Exam (2022/2023) (Verified Answers) Alzheimer's Disease A progressive, degenerative disease with insidious onset, characterized by multiple cognitive deficits and significant decline in functioning. Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) A disorder characterized by maladaptive inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsiveness which results in pervasive and clinically significant impairment. Some symptoms should have presented before seven years of age, although it may be diagnosed in adulthood. Auditory Discrimination Ability to hear similarities and differences between sounds. Auditory Memory Ability to retain and recall that which is heard. Auditory-motor Match The process whereby awareness of sound results in a movement or response. Autistic an individual with autistic disorder, beginning in infancy, which is characterized by self-absorption, preoccupation with inanimate objects, and/or dysfunctional, destructive, or ritualistic behaviors. Autism is a type of pervasive developmental disorder. Behavioral Disorder A problem in social behavior which is sufficiently extreme as to interfere with the learning process. Cerebral Palsy A series of disorders characterized by problems in movement, posture, and loss of voluntary muscle control, which are caused by brain injury early in life. Communication Disorder A disability which is characterized by the inability to transfer thought through speech, written word or bodily gestures. Conduct Disorder A persistent pattern of behavior characterized by the breaking of social norms, including serious violations, aggression, destruction or deceitfulness. Dementia A set of symptoms characterized by deterioration in cognitive functioning, particularly memory, abstract thinking, judgment, and problem solving. Developmental Disability A disorder originating before the age of 18 which constitutes a substantial handicap and continues indefinitely. The disabilities include mental retardation, autism, epilepsy, cerebral palsy and severe learning disabilities if the origins are related to mental retardation. Disruptive Behavior Disorder A type of conduct disorder characterized by oppositional and defiant behavior which does not meet criteria for other conduct disorders. Down's Syndrome A congenital abnormality of the trisomy 21 gene (an extra chromosome), resulting in mental retardation and physical abnormalities. Fine Motor Dexterity (coordination) The use of small muscles for reaching, grasping and manipulating objects. Forensic Psychiatry The branch of psychiatry devoted to legal problems and infractions of law, primarily criminal. Gerontology The study of aging, characteristic behaviors of older adults, and disorders associated with the late life. Guided Imagery and Music (GIM) A technique which involves listening to music in a relaxed state, to elicit imagery, symbols and/or feelings for the purpose of creativity, therapeutic intervention, self understanding and spiritual experience. Hearing Impairment A global term for any degree or type of hearing loss, including deafness and hard of hearing. Huntington's Disease (chorea) An inherited disorder, affecting the central nervous system and causing involuntary movements and contortions; may also cause cognitive decline and behavioral symptoms. Hyperactivity Behavior which is characterized by increased or excessive muscular activity. Inclusion The concept referring to placing children with special needs in the classroom that they would normally attend, and importing support and prescribed related services to that classroom. Individualized Education Plan (IEP) A written plan of instruction for each child with special needs, which includes statements of present functioning, long- and short-term goals and objectives, required services and related information. Every handicapped child must have an IEP specifying special education and related services where appropriate, according to Public Law 94-142, the Education for the Handicapped Act. Juvenile offenders Children who have committed offenses, according to law. Learning Disorder A deficit in a specific area related to the processing of input, i.e., learning, resulting in decreased achievement when compared to the norm; often associated with perceptual-motor deficiencies or brain damage. Mental Retardation (Re-named Intellectual Disorder in 2013) Sub average intellectual functioning and impaired adaptive functioning whose onset is during the developmental period; presently, a person with an IQ of 70 or below (Hanser, 1999). Motor skills disorder A deficit in coordination, diagnosed in childhood, resulting in significant functional loss, not due to a medical condition and failing to meet criteria for a pervasive developmental disorder. Multiply handicapped An individual with more than one diagnosed impairment; a physical or sensory handicap accompanied by another handicap which inhibits normal development or adjustment. Neuromuscular disorder A condition affecting the nervous system and the muscles of the body. Oppositional defiant disorder A condition characterized by persistent hostile and negative behavior, causing functional difficulties. Parkinson's Disease A chronic nervous system dis