VET 212 Anesthesia Study Guide (Answered) Complete Solution

• VET 212 Anesthesia Study Guide (Answered) Complete Solution Chapter 1 1) List 2 North American professional organizations that offer specialization in anesthesia and analgesia to credentialed individuals, and summarize the aims of each ACADEMY of VETERINARY TECHNICIANS IN ANESTHESIA and ANALGESIA (AVTAA) --> promotes patient safety, consumer protection, professionalism and excellence in anesthesia care AMERICAN COLLEGE of VETERINARY ANESTHESIA and ANALGESIA (ACVAA) --> 2) Define anesthesia, and differentiate topical, local, regional, general, and surgical anesthesia TOPICAL ANESTHESIA→loss of sensation of a localized area produced by administration of a local anesthetic directly to a body surface or surgical or traumatic wound (small areas) LOCAL ANESTHESIA→ loss of sensation in a small area of the body produced by administration of a local anesthetic agent in proximity to the area of interest (small areas) REGIONAL ANESTHESIA→ loss of sensation in a limited area of the body produced by administration of a local anesthetic or other agent in proximity to sensory nerves (nerve blocks, epidural anesthesia, large areas) GENERAL ANESTHESIA→reversible state of unconsciousness, immobility, muscle relaxation, and loss of sensation throughout the entire body produced by one or more anesthetic agents SURGICAL ANESTHESIA→ specific state of general anesthesia in which there is a sufficient degree of analgesia (loss of sensitivity to pain) and muscle relaxation to allow surgery to be performed without patient pain or movement 3) Differentiate sedation, tranquilization, hypnosis, and narcosis SEDATION→ drug induced CNS depression and drowsiness that vary in intensity from light to deep TRANQUILIZATION→ drug induced state of calm in which the patient is reluctant to move and is aware of but unconcerned about its surroundings HYPNOSIS→ drug induced sleep like state that impairs the ability of the patient to respond appropriately to stimuli---sleep like state from which the patient can be aroused with sufficient stimulation NARCOSIS→ drug induced sleep, the patient is not easily aroused, most often associated with administration of narcotics 4) Explain the concept of balanced anesthesia and the advantages of this approach Balanced anesthesia (the administration of multiple drugs to the same patient during one anesthetic event) maximizes benefits, minimizes adverse effects, and gives the anesthetist the ability to produce anesthesia with the degree of CNS depression, muscle relaxation, analgesia, and immobilization appropriate for the patient and the procedure Example: premedication, then maintenance with inhalant, the post op medication for analgesia 5) List common indications for anesthesia GENERAL ANESTHESIA→ most common, fully immobilizes the patient, procedures can be performed quickly and safely, inexpensive, uses balanced techniques SEDATION→ can be mild