APEA Exam QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

APEA Exam QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS Gestational diabetes screening occurs between what weeks gestation? - CORRECT ANSWERS 24-48 When you ask the patient to take a deep breath in and then palpate over the RUQ abdomen. Positive when pain is elicited. This is a sign of ___________. - CORRECT ANSWERS Murphy's sign; cholecystitis What are names of LABA medications? - CORRECT ANSWERS salmeterol What is encopresis in children? - CORRECT ANSWERS stool incontinence after the age of being toilet trained The medical term for being cross-eyed - CORRECT ANSWERS strabismus What is atopic dermatitis? - CORRECT ANSWERS eczema Tests used to diagnose developmental hip dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers What is the female athlete triad? - CORRECT ANSWERS disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis How do patients with aortic regurgitation typically present? - CORRECT ANSWERS they will have a long asymptomatic period followed by exercise intolerance, then dyspnea at rest. The left ventricle eventually fails unless the aortic valve is replaced. What does the rash of fifth disease (a viral exanthem) look like? - CORRECT ANSWERS maculopapular rash that blanches easily and may be accompanied by joint aches What cardiac abnormalities are expected to be heard on auscultation of a pregnant patient? - CORRECT ANSWERS a venous hum murmur and an S3 When a headache accompanies a stroke, is this most often hemorrhagic or ischemic? - CORRECT ANSWERS hemorrhagic AV nicking is most commonly seen on retinal exam of which chronic condition? - CORRECT ANSWERS hypertension Within 6 months of being started on a TCA or SSRI, what is a common side effect that occurs? - CORRECT ANSWERS weight gain When does otitis media with effusion usually occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS either before or after an episode of acute otitis media. This effusion is not infected fluid but it is considered a breeding ground for bacteria. This should not be treated with antibiotics. The medical term for jock itch - CORRECT ANSWERS tinea cruris Tinea cruris "jock itch" is a common __________ infection and should be treated with what? - CORRECT ANSWERS fungal; OTC antifungal cream What are teaching points for males to avoid contracting tinea cruris? - CORRECT ANSWERS dry off after swimming and don't stay in a wet bathing suit Tinea cruris can affect the inner thighs but never what else? - CORRECT ANSWERS the penis or scrotum On microscopic exam, what is most likely to be seen in the presence of a bacterial infection? - CORRECT ANSWERS cocci and rods On microscopic exam, what is most likely to be seen in the presence of a candidal infection? - CORRECT ANSWERS yeasts What are dermatophytes? - CORRECT ANSWERS fungi On microscopic exam, what is most likely to be seen in the presence of a dermatophytic (fungal) infection? - CORRECT ANSWERS hyphae that are long, thin, and branching (such as in the case of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis) The medical term for ringworm - CORRECT ANSWERS tinea corporis What is the most common cause of viral pneumonia in peds? - CORRECT ANSWERS RSV Viral pneumonia is the most common type of pneumonia in children of what ages? - CORRECT ANSWERS 6 months to 5 years What is the simplest way to screen for nutritional adequacy in older adults? - CORRECT ANSWERS measure their weight How are scabies treated? - CORRECT ANSWERS via permethrin and good hygiene What are common side effects of NSAIDs? - CORRECT ANSWERS renal impairment, acute renal failure, gastritis What is the most common cause of pernicious anemias? - CORRECT ANSWERS vitamin B12 deficiency How should oral iron supplements be taken? - CORRECT ANSWERS on an empty stomach with something acidic and high in calcium such as orange juice Group A strep pharyngitis can be accompanied by what symptoms other than the classic Centor criteria? - CORRECT ANSWERS abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting A stool specimen that is positive for WBCs is a sign of what? - CORRECT ANSWERS a viral or bacterial infection The only type of incontinence that would not benefit from pelvic floor therapy is what? - CORRECT ANSWERS overflow incontinence What do the skin manifestations of a penicillin allergy look like? - CORRECT ANSWERS hives What are symptoms that someone will experience as soon as they are started on a SSRI and when will this resolve? - CORRECT ANSWERS headache, nausea, insomnia, restlessness, agitation; will resolve in 2 weeks What causes the dry cough in people taking an ACEI? - CORRECT ANSWERS the buildup of bradykinin which is usually degraded by ACE ACEI induced coughs usually begin how soon after starting the medication? - CORRECT ANSWERS within 2 weeks COPD is often associated with what sequelae? - CORRECT ANSWERS anxiety and depression When should an antiviral be started in a patient with shingles? - CORRECT ANSWERS within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms What is the drug of choice for treating UTIs in male patients? - CORRECT ANSWERS bactrim for 7-10 days What is the leading cause of CKD and ESRD in the united states? - CORRECT ANSWERS diabetes What is the usual recommendation about administering MMR and varicella immunizations? - CORRECT ANSWERS they should be given on the same day or at least one month apart