Practice exam course 3.3 Pain
Problem 1
Question 1
What is the similarity between pain and nociception?
A. They have no similarities.
B. They both contain the emotional component.
C. They both contain the sensory component.
D. They both contain the emotional and the sensory component.
Question 2
Fill in what belongs on the dots:
..1.. fibers transmit information about acute and localized pain at high speed and provide the
initial stabbing pain. ..2.. fibers transmit information about diffused pain at a slower rate and
provide the second dull pain.
A. 1 = Aδ, 2 = C.
B. 1 = C, 2 = Aδ.
C. 1 = B, 2 = Tδ.
D. 1 = Tδ, 2 = B.
Question 3
Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Nociception can’t occur without pain.
B. Pain can occur without nociception.
C. Pain and emotion both have adaptive value.
D. Pain consists of three networks: the proximal, dorsal, and contralateral pain networks.
Question 4
Which of the statements below is/are true?
I: The S1 and S2 are for the perception (pleasant vs. unpleasant) and duration of the pain.
II: The thalamus is for the affective perception of pain and mainly receives input from the
ACC.
A. I is true, II is not true.
B. II is true, I is not true.
C. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are not true.
Question 5
Which of the following brain areas generally has an inhibitory function and provide(s) top-
down control, modulation of pain and reduction of distress?
A. The thalamus.
B. The cerebellum.
C. The prefrontal cortex (PFC).
D. The ACC and IC.
Lara de Jong
,Question 6
What is the sequence of cortical activity during pain perception?
A. S1 S2 and ACC IC.
B. S1 S2 and IC ACC.
C. S2 S1 and ACC IC.
D. S2 S1 and IC ACC.
Question 7
To continue with question 6. Which brain regions play a role in the first pain and which in the
second pain?
A. S1 and S2 in the first pain, the ACC and IC in the second pain.
B. S1 and S2 in the second pain, the ACC and IC in the first pain.
C. All brain areas play a role in the first pain and not the second pain.
D. All brain areas play a role in both the first pain and the second pain.
Question 8
In the article by Ploner, Freund & Schnitzler (1999) they examined a patient who had damage
to S1 and S2 on the right side. What was not a result of this research?
A. The patient appeared to have an elevated pain threshold.
B. Only thermal stimuli produced sensations in the patient.
C. S2 is bilateral, so the patient was unable to locate properly on his left hand.
D. Damage to S1 and S2 leads to hypoesthesia; this suggests an interaction between the
medial and lateral pain systems in normal pain experiences.
Question 9
Which of the following statements is true?
A. The perception of pain and the processing of pain and pain-related information is
controlled by one main structure in the brain.
B. The anticipation or expectation of pain can both inhibit and amplify pain.
C. Pain is only physical, not psychological.
D. A positive emotional state can make pain more unpleasant.
Question 10
What do the results of the article by Rainville et al. (1997) show?
A. Changes occurred in the sensory regions of pain perception.
B. In the alert control condition, only S1 and S2 were activated, not ACC and IC.
C. Contrary to expectations, it was found that the ACC, IC, S1 and S2 do not interact with
each other.
D. They found evidence that the ACC plays a significant role in the affective component of
pain.
Lara de Jong
, Problem 2
Question 11
Connect the terms (e.g. 1–A, 2–B).
1. Valence.
2. Arousal.
A. Indicates the intensity of the emotional experience.
B. Indicates the pleasantness vs. unpleasantness of the emotional experience.
Question 12
Fill in what belongs on the dots.
A negative emotional state causes ..1.. pain and a positive emotional state causes ..2.. pain.
A. 1 = more, 2 = less.
B. 1 = less, 2 = more.
C. 1 = more, 2 = more.
D. 1 = less, 2 = less.
Question 13
Lieke suffers from chronic headaches. What does this mean for her cognition and affect? And
can meditation help with this?
A. Chronic pain does not lead to change in cognition and affect. Meditation therefore does not
work against reducing chronic pain.
B. Chronic pain does not lead to change in cognition and affect. Meditation can reduce
chronic pain.
C. Chronic pain does lead to changes in cognition and affect. Meditation, however, does not
work against reducing chronic pain.
D. Chronic pain does lead to changes in cognition and affect. Meditation can reduce chronic
pain.
Question 14
Which of the statements below is/are true?
I: The affective component motivates someone to show fight, flight or freeze behavior.
II: People can feel pain by looking at someone else who is in pain.
A. I is true, II is not true.
B. II is true, I is not true.
C. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are not true.
Question 15
What is it called when the administration of a placebo leads to pain reduction?
A. Placebo inhibition.
B. Placebo analgesia.
C. Working placebo.
D. Functional placebo.
Lara de Jong
Problem 1
Question 1
What is the similarity between pain and nociception?
A. They have no similarities.
B. They both contain the emotional component.
C. They both contain the sensory component.
D. They both contain the emotional and the sensory component.
Question 2
Fill in what belongs on the dots:
..1.. fibers transmit information about acute and localized pain at high speed and provide the
initial stabbing pain. ..2.. fibers transmit information about diffused pain at a slower rate and
provide the second dull pain.
A. 1 = Aδ, 2 = C.
B. 1 = C, 2 = Aδ.
C. 1 = B, 2 = Tδ.
D. 1 = Tδ, 2 = B.
Question 3
Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Nociception can’t occur without pain.
B. Pain can occur without nociception.
C. Pain and emotion both have adaptive value.
D. Pain consists of three networks: the proximal, dorsal, and contralateral pain networks.
Question 4
Which of the statements below is/are true?
I: The S1 and S2 are for the perception (pleasant vs. unpleasant) and duration of the pain.
II: The thalamus is for the affective perception of pain and mainly receives input from the
ACC.
A. I is true, II is not true.
B. II is true, I is not true.
C. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are not true.
Question 5
Which of the following brain areas generally has an inhibitory function and provide(s) top-
down control, modulation of pain and reduction of distress?
A. The thalamus.
B. The cerebellum.
C. The prefrontal cortex (PFC).
D. The ACC and IC.
Lara de Jong
,Question 6
What is the sequence of cortical activity during pain perception?
A. S1 S2 and ACC IC.
B. S1 S2 and IC ACC.
C. S2 S1 and ACC IC.
D. S2 S1 and IC ACC.
Question 7
To continue with question 6. Which brain regions play a role in the first pain and which in the
second pain?
A. S1 and S2 in the first pain, the ACC and IC in the second pain.
B. S1 and S2 in the second pain, the ACC and IC in the first pain.
C. All brain areas play a role in the first pain and not the second pain.
D. All brain areas play a role in both the first pain and the second pain.
Question 8
In the article by Ploner, Freund & Schnitzler (1999) they examined a patient who had damage
to S1 and S2 on the right side. What was not a result of this research?
A. The patient appeared to have an elevated pain threshold.
B. Only thermal stimuli produced sensations in the patient.
C. S2 is bilateral, so the patient was unable to locate properly on his left hand.
D. Damage to S1 and S2 leads to hypoesthesia; this suggests an interaction between the
medial and lateral pain systems in normal pain experiences.
Question 9
Which of the following statements is true?
A. The perception of pain and the processing of pain and pain-related information is
controlled by one main structure in the brain.
B. The anticipation or expectation of pain can both inhibit and amplify pain.
C. Pain is only physical, not psychological.
D. A positive emotional state can make pain more unpleasant.
Question 10
What do the results of the article by Rainville et al. (1997) show?
A. Changes occurred in the sensory regions of pain perception.
B. In the alert control condition, only S1 and S2 were activated, not ACC and IC.
C. Contrary to expectations, it was found that the ACC, IC, S1 and S2 do not interact with
each other.
D. They found evidence that the ACC plays a significant role in the affective component of
pain.
Lara de Jong
, Problem 2
Question 11
Connect the terms (e.g. 1–A, 2–B).
1. Valence.
2. Arousal.
A. Indicates the intensity of the emotional experience.
B. Indicates the pleasantness vs. unpleasantness of the emotional experience.
Question 12
Fill in what belongs on the dots.
A negative emotional state causes ..1.. pain and a positive emotional state causes ..2.. pain.
A. 1 = more, 2 = less.
B. 1 = less, 2 = more.
C. 1 = more, 2 = more.
D. 1 = less, 2 = less.
Question 13
Lieke suffers from chronic headaches. What does this mean for her cognition and affect? And
can meditation help with this?
A. Chronic pain does not lead to change in cognition and affect. Meditation therefore does not
work against reducing chronic pain.
B. Chronic pain does not lead to change in cognition and affect. Meditation can reduce
chronic pain.
C. Chronic pain does lead to changes in cognition and affect. Meditation, however, does not
work against reducing chronic pain.
D. Chronic pain does lead to changes in cognition and affect. Meditation can reduce chronic
pain.
Question 14
Which of the statements below is/are true?
I: The affective component motivates someone to show fight, flight or freeze behavior.
II: People can feel pain by looking at someone else who is in pain.
A. I is true, II is not true.
B. II is true, I is not true.
C. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are not true.
Question 15
What is it called when the administration of a placebo leads to pain reduction?
A. Placebo inhibition.
B. Placebo analgesia.
C. Working placebo.
D. Functional placebo.
Lara de Jong
