PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 121 Nutrition Exam 2

PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 121 Nutrition Exam 2 Specific parts of the GI tract include the mouth, esophagus, (A) , small intestine, (B) and (C) . Other organs such as the liver, gallbladder and pancreas aid in digestion but are not considered part of the GI tract. A. stomach B. large intestine C. rectum Explain the cause and symptoms of heartburn. Heartburn is a burning sensation in the esophagus due to an improper closing of a sphincter that allows stomach acids to enter into the esophagus. Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract. Name two sphincters discussed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their functions. The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach from reentering the esophagus. The pyloric sphincter controls the release of chyme into the small intestines from the stomach. The ileocecal sphincter prevents the contents of the large intestine from entering the small intestine. Name the six parts of the GI tract. The specific parts of the GI tract include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum Carbohydrates can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides and fiber. Match the following with the descriptions. a. Monosaccharides b. Disaccharides c. Insoluble Fiber d. Soluble Fiber e. Functional Fiber 1. Slows glucose absorption and lowers cholesterol 2. Sucrose and lactose are examples 3. The simplest form of carbohydrates 4. Promotes intestinal health and is not naturally occurring 5. Improves passage through the large intestine 1. soluble fiber 2. disaccharides 3. monosaccharides 4. functional fiber 5. insoluble fiber Which of the following is NOT True concerning blood sugar regulation? When blood sugar drops below 70 insulin is released from the pancreas What is the role of the pancreas in blood sugar regulation? The pancreas releases insulin that takes glucose into the cells. Name the food groups that lacto vegetarians will include in their diet and those that they avoid. Lacto vegetarians will consume dairy products but no eggs or animal flesh. The biological value of a protein is different in (A) vs plant sources. (B) sources are considered high quality or complete proteins. Plant sources are considered lower quality or (C) protein. When two or more plant proteins combine, the proteins are called complimentary proteins. A condition resulting from regularly consuming insufficient amounts of proteins and calories is called protein- calorie malnutrition. A. animal B. Animal C. incomplete Which of the following is NOT true concerning fats and lipids? Trans fatty acids have less of an impact on cholesterol levels than saturated fats What is the function of low density lipoproteins? Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) deliver cholesterol to cells Identify these initials: HDL. Is this considered good or bad cholesterol? High density lipoprotein. Good cholesterol