Unit 5:Meeting Individual Care and Support Needs-LAB
Providing support for individuals in the community
Henry Munkoh S2103794
Ethics and Ethical Principles
First of all, Ethics is defined as dealing with right and wrong behaviour. Ethics can be
used to meet individual needs through the use of ethical principles as these can help
achieve the service users’ needs as the ethical principles are: Managing conflicts
with service users, carers, families, etc. Managing conflicts of interest, Balancing
services and resources as well as maintaining confidentiality. Therefore these
principles help to meet the needs of individuals as ethical principles help to protect
the dignity and the rights of the service users meaning that the individuals have the
right for their needs to be approached with effective care as well as for their needs to
be met to the utmost standard. Ethics can be used to meet the individual needs of
service users as “Ethical standards promote the values that are essential to good
communication, such as trust, accountability, mutual respect.''Medical Ethics: What
is it? Why is it important? Accessed 22nd November 2021. Therefore having good
communication leads to the service users sharing their information with the service
providers which leads the providers into fulfilling effective care as the provider has
gained their trust and now knows more about the user which helps the provider to
provide effective care to meet the needs of the service user.
Core Principles
Core principles must be used by health professionals in order to treat clients as four
of these principles help clients to be treated equally. The first principle is managing
conflicts with service users, carers, families, and friends as this principle is used by
health professionals to help prevent any disagreements from happening or to try
and calm a situation down. As it is important to know how to handle conflict as when
a conflict happens the service user’s emotions can tend to get out of control and
could be even worse depending if the service user suffers from a mental illness. A
conflict could happen between service users, carers, and families as sometimes the
decisions that are being made are being dependent on the different ethical theories
being used. There are things a health professional can do to manage conflict such
as they must acknowledge the emotions of the individual as well as to set a time
frame for the discussion as it would be unprofessional to do it whilst in a public
setting. For example when a service user may disagree with a treatment that is being
provided by a doctor however the doctor must acknowledge the feelings of the
service user then to find a time and place to resolve the issue. The second core
principle is managing conflicts of interests; this is defined as a situation when the
concerns or the aims of two or more different parties are incompatible. Therefore
managing conflicts of interests are used by health professionals in order to treat
,Unit 5:Meeting Individual Care and Support Needs-LAB
Providing support for individuals in the community
clients ethically as it includes the three types of conflict that can be used to help
manage the conflict.The first type of conflict is the interpersonal conflict which can be
used by health professionals as its when a conflict occurs between individual service
providers as they try to make a decision about the best action for the service user to
get the best care possible or when the service providers conflict about the purpose of
their work.
The second type of conflict that can be used by healthcare professionals is
intrapersonal conflict which is when your own values go against the guidelines at
your work for example a care home etc.For example, if a carer had valued a religious
practice when getting ready to perform surgery but if guidelines said that religion
practises are not allowed it would mean that your personal values go against the
services provisions guidelines. Lastly is the Rights conflict which is when the rights of
a person affects the rights of the other people in the community.For instance when a
n individual is putting the health and safety of others at risk. such as when a Doctor
knows that an individual suffers from a severe mental illness but does nothing about
it.
The third principle is balancing services and resources this enables the health
professionals to balance the resources needed by the service user in order for the
professional to deliver effective care .As well as the health professionals might try to
source out facilities alongside with their conditions such as those who are in a
wheelchair they might try to provide them with a wheelchair ramp for their house thus
this illustrated an ethical approach to individuals in to meeting their needs
The fourth principle is maintaining confidentiality this is used by health
professionals in order to prevent discrimination from the client as they have a right to
secery as its their personal information as whenever handling personal information
you must follow the guidance and the procedures of the law aswell as to make sure
that the information is kept safe and secure.These must be kept in check as a lack of
confidentiality may lead to the service users self esteem to be threatened as they
would feel humiliated as well as maintaining confidentiality shows the respect you
have for the individual.
Ethical theories-Consequentialism
The theory of consequentialism is said to be about whether the correct moral
response is related to the outcome or consequences but not its intentions or
motives.Consequentialism itself is defined as “the view that it is the consequences
(effects) of an action that make the action good or bad.”ETHICS BOWL
CONSEQUENTIALism. - ppt video online download Accessed 28th November 2021
, Unit 5:Meeting Individual Care and Support Needs-LAB
Providing support for individuals in the community
However Jeremy Bentams theory of consequentialism was based on what actions
are most likely to make a person happy.Thus in relation to his theory a health
professional would focus on actions that would make their client happy and cause
the least possible pain as that would be the consequence of the health professionals
actions thus the health professionals would work into making actions that's best for
the service user.However it's said John Stuart Mill one of Bentham's students
disagrees with his theory as he believes “that actions that lead to people's happiness
are right and that those that lead to suffering are wrong” Who Was John Stuart Mill?
What Is His Theory? Accessed 28th November 2021.Therefore this means that not
all actions are in favour as some lead to a person to suffer due to an action that
someone has made as not all actions would lead to one's happiness As well as
“Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they
tend to produce the reverse of happiness. ” JOHN STUART MILL UTILITARIANISM
Introduction to Ethical Theory Accessed 28th November.In addition as John means
that the actions people make have two sides to it one that the action tends to lead to
happiness and the other tends to lead to the opposite of happiness which is
sadness,suffering or even in despair.Peter Singer's theory was that “The most
common indirect consequentialism is rule consequentialism, which makes the moral
rightness of an act depend on the consequences of a rule (Singer 1961). Since a
rule is an abstract entity, a rule by itself strictly has no
consequences.”Consequentialism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) Accessed
3rd December 2021.For example if a doctor had done the wrong thing such as going
through a medical procedure without permission this would've been morally wrong as
this could affect others as well.If a doctor had used the theory of consequentialism to
a service user it would have mixed impact as it would depend on the situation as it
could be whether if the Doctor could perform a surgery on the service user that has a
high chance to fail or to whether not do the surgery and let the service user have a
limited time to live.As in this situation it would be difficult to determine the best
course of action and which would lead to the less sufferable pain.As well as this
theory could be used to build positive relationships with individuals as the service
provider is making decisions that's best for the service user which helps to build trust
and shoes to the service provider that the health professional is caring for them.
Ethical Theories - Deontology
The theory of deontology is a theory that health professionals can use as the theory
has rules in order to distinguish right from wrong. However Immanuel Kant's theory is
“an example of a deontological moral theory–according to these theories, the
rightness or wrongness of actions does not depend on their consequences but on
whether they fulfil our duty. Kant believed that there was a supreme principle of
morality, and he referred to it as ``The Categorical Imperative.”KANTIAN ETHICS
Accessed 3rd December 2021.The categorical imperatives were the unconditional
commands such as “Don't do this'' even so if you want to do it it may result in good
Providing support for individuals in the community
Henry Munkoh S2103794
Ethics and Ethical Principles
First of all, Ethics is defined as dealing with right and wrong behaviour. Ethics can be
used to meet individual needs through the use of ethical principles as these can help
achieve the service users’ needs as the ethical principles are: Managing conflicts
with service users, carers, families, etc. Managing conflicts of interest, Balancing
services and resources as well as maintaining confidentiality. Therefore these
principles help to meet the needs of individuals as ethical principles help to protect
the dignity and the rights of the service users meaning that the individuals have the
right for their needs to be approached with effective care as well as for their needs to
be met to the utmost standard. Ethics can be used to meet the individual needs of
service users as “Ethical standards promote the values that are essential to good
communication, such as trust, accountability, mutual respect.''Medical Ethics: What
is it? Why is it important? Accessed 22nd November 2021. Therefore having good
communication leads to the service users sharing their information with the service
providers which leads the providers into fulfilling effective care as the provider has
gained their trust and now knows more about the user which helps the provider to
provide effective care to meet the needs of the service user.
Core Principles
Core principles must be used by health professionals in order to treat clients as four
of these principles help clients to be treated equally. The first principle is managing
conflicts with service users, carers, families, and friends as this principle is used by
health professionals to help prevent any disagreements from happening or to try
and calm a situation down. As it is important to know how to handle conflict as when
a conflict happens the service user’s emotions can tend to get out of control and
could be even worse depending if the service user suffers from a mental illness. A
conflict could happen between service users, carers, and families as sometimes the
decisions that are being made are being dependent on the different ethical theories
being used. There are things a health professional can do to manage conflict such
as they must acknowledge the emotions of the individual as well as to set a time
frame for the discussion as it would be unprofessional to do it whilst in a public
setting. For example when a service user may disagree with a treatment that is being
provided by a doctor however the doctor must acknowledge the feelings of the
service user then to find a time and place to resolve the issue. The second core
principle is managing conflicts of interests; this is defined as a situation when the
concerns or the aims of two or more different parties are incompatible. Therefore
managing conflicts of interests are used by health professionals in order to treat
,Unit 5:Meeting Individual Care and Support Needs-LAB
Providing support for individuals in the community
clients ethically as it includes the three types of conflict that can be used to help
manage the conflict.The first type of conflict is the interpersonal conflict which can be
used by health professionals as its when a conflict occurs between individual service
providers as they try to make a decision about the best action for the service user to
get the best care possible or when the service providers conflict about the purpose of
their work.
The second type of conflict that can be used by healthcare professionals is
intrapersonal conflict which is when your own values go against the guidelines at
your work for example a care home etc.For example, if a carer had valued a religious
practice when getting ready to perform surgery but if guidelines said that religion
practises are not allowed it would mean that your personal values go against the
services provisions guidelines. Lastly is the Rights conflict which is when the rights of
a person affects the rights of the other people in the community.For instance when a
n individual is putting the health and safety of others at risk. such as when a Doctor
knows that an individual suffers from a severe mental illness but does nothing about
it.
The third principle is balancing services and resources this enables the health
professionals to balance the resources needed by the service user in order for the
professional to deliver effective care .As well as the health professionals might try to
source out facilities alongside with their conditions such as those who are in a
wheelchair they might try to provide them with a wheelchair ramp for their house thus
this illustrated an ethical approach to individuals in to meeting their needs
The fourth principle is maintaining confidentiality this is used by health
professionals in order to prevent discrimination from the client as they have a right to
secery as its their personal information as whenever handling personal information
you must follow the guidance and the procedures of the law aswell as to make sure
that the information is kept safe and secure.These must be kept in check as a lack of
confidentiality may lead to the service users self esteem to be threatened as they
would feel humiliated as well as maintaining confidentiality shows the respect you
have for the individual.
Ethical theories-Consequentialism
The theory of consequentialism is said to be about whether the correct moral
response is related to the outcome or consequences but not its intentions or
motives.Consequentialism itself is defined as “the view that it is the consequences
(effects) of an action that make the action good or bad.”ETHICS BOWL
CONSEQUENTIALism. - ppt video online download Accessed 28th November 2021
, Unit 5:Meeting Individual Care and Support Needs-LAB
Providing support for individuals in the community
However Jeremy Bentams theory of consequentialism was based on what actions
are most likely to make a person happy.Thus in relation to his theory a health
professional would focus on actions that would make their client happy and cause
the least possible pain as that would be the consequence of the health professionals
actions thus the health professionals would work into making actions that's best for
the service user.However it's said John Stuart Mill one of Bentham's students
disagrees with his theory as he believes “that actions that lead to people's happiness
are right and that those that lead to suffering are wrong” Who Was John Stuart Mill?
What Is His Theory? Accessed 28th November 2021.Therefore this means that not
all actions are in favour as some lead to a person to suffer due to an action that
someone has made as not all actions would lead to one's happiness As well as
“Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they
tend to produce the reverse of happiness. ” JOHN STUART MILL UTILITARIANISM
Introduction to Ethical Theory Accessed 28th November.In addition as John means
that the actions people make have two sides to it one that the action tends to lead to
happiness and the other tends to lead to the opposite of happiness which is
sadness,suffering or even in despair.Peter Singer's theory was that “The most
common indirect consequentialism is rule consequentialism, which makes the moral
rightness of an act depend on the consequences of a rule (Singer 1961). Since a
rule is an abstract entity, a rule by itself strictly has no
consequences.”Consequentialism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) Accessed
3rd December 2021.For example if a doctor had done the wrong thing such as going
through a medical procedure without permission this would've been morally wrong as
this could affect others as well.If a doctor had used the theory of consequentialism to
a service user it would have mixed impact as it would depend on the situation as it
could be whether if the Doctor could perform a surgery on the service user that has a
high chance to fail or to whether not do the surgery and let the service user have a
limited time to live.As in this situation it would be difficult to determine the best
course of action and which would lead to the less sufferable pain.As well as this
theory could be used to build positive relationships with individuals as the service
provider is making decisions that's best for the service user which helps to build trust
and shoes to the service provider that the health professional is caring for them.
Ethical Theories - Deontology
The theory of deontology is a theory that health professionals can use as the theory
has rules in order to distinguish right from wrong. However Immanuel Kant's theory is
“an example of a deontological moral theory–according to these theories, the
rightness or wrongness of actions does not depend on their consequences but on
whether they fulfil our duty. Kant believed that there was a supreme principle of
morality, and he referred to it as ``The Categorical Imperative.”KANTIAN ETHICS
Accessed 3rd December 2021.The categorical imperatives were the unconditional
commands such as “Don't do this'' even so if you want to do it it may result in good
