HISTOPATHOLOGIE
Prof. Liesbeth Ferdinande
,Inhoudsopgave
1. Adaptatie van cellulaire groei en differentiatie........................................................................................... 3
1.1 Hypertrofie.....................................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Hyperplasie.....................................................................................................................................................4
1.3 Atrofie.............................................................................................................................................................4
1.4 Metaplasie......................................................................................................................................................4
1.5 Intracellulaire accumulaties...........................................................................................................................5
2. Celschade en celdood................................................................................................................................. 7
2.1 oorzaken en mechanismen.............................................................................................................................7
2.2 irreversibele celschade: celdood....................................................................................................................8
3. celveroudering......................................................................................................................................... 11
1. basis van repair en regeneratie................................................................................................................. 14
1.1 celproliferatie...............................................................................................................................................14
1.2 Extracellulaire matrix...................................................................................................................................15
1.3 stamcellen....................................................................................................................................................15
1.4 angiogenese.................................................................................................................................................16
2. regeneratie.............................................................................................................................................. 18
3. Repair en wondheling.............................................................................................................................. 19
3.1 Repair...........................................................................................................................................................19
3.2 wondheling...................................................................................................................................................19
3.3 sequentie......................................................................................................................................................20
4. effecten op wondheling............................................................................................................................ 23
4.1 systemisch....................................................................................................................................................23
4.2 lokaal............................................................................................................................................................23
5. pathologische repair................................................................................................................................ 23
5.1 deficiënte littekenvorming...........................................................................................................................23
5.2 overmatige repair.........................................................................................................................................23
5.3 overmatige wondcontractie.........................................................................................................................23
5.4 Fibrose..........................................................................................................................................................24
1. Oedeem................................................................................................................................................... 25
1.1 oorzaken.......................................................................................................................................................26
2. Hyperemie en congestie (= lokale toename vn bloedvolume)....................................................................26
3. Hemorrhagie (bloeding)........................................................................................................................... 27
,4. thrombose............................................................................................................................................... 27
4.1 virchow’s triade:...........................................................................................................................................27
4.2 evolutie van een thrombus...........................................................................................................................28
4.3 klinische implicaties......................................................................................................................................28
5. embool.................................................................................................................................................... 28
5.1 longembolen.................................................................................................................................................28
5.2 systemische thromboëmbolie......................................................................................................................28
5.3 andere..........................................................................................................................................................29
6. infarct...................................................................................................................................................... 29
7. shock....................................................................................................................................................... 29
7.1 oorzaken van shock......................................................................................................................................30
8. atherosclerose......................................................................................................................................... 30
8.1 risicofactoren................................................................................................................................................30
8.2 pathogenese.................................................................................................................................................31
8.3 consequenties...............................................................................................................................................31
1. inflammatie............................................................................................................................................. 31
1.1 acute inflammatie........................................................................................................................................31
1.1.1 oorzaken...............................................................................................................................................31
1.1.1. bloedvaten in acute inflammatie.........................................................................................................32
1.1.2 leukocyten in acute inflammatie..........................................................................................................32
Extravasatie van leukocyten.....................................................................................................................32
Herkenning van microben en dode weefsels...........................................................................................33
Fagocytose................................................................................................................................................33
1.2 chronische inflammatie................................................................................................................................34
1.2.1 chronische inflammatie: oorzaken.......................................................................................................35
2. normale immuunrespons......................................................................................................................... 35
2.1 aangeboren immuniteit...............................................................................................................................35
2.1.1 epitheel.................................................................................................................................................35
2.1.2 fagocyterende cellen: neutrofielen, macrofagen.................................................................................35
2.1.3 dendritische cellen................................................................................................................................35
2.1.4 natural killer (NK) cellen.......................................................................................................................36
2.1.5 plasma-eiwitten: complement systeem...............................................................................................36
2.2 adaptieve immuniteit...................................................................................................................................36
2.2.1 T-lymfocyten.........................................................................................................................................37
2.2.2 B-lymfocyten.........................................................................................................................................37
2.2.3 MHC moleculen....................................................................................................................................38
MHC klasse I moleculen............................................................................................................................38
MHC klasse II moleculen...........................................................................................................................38
2.3 cellulaire immuniteit....................................................................................................................................38
2.4 humorale immuniteit...................................................................................................................................39
2.5 afname van immuunrespons en immunologisch geheugen........................................................................40
, Histopathologie: Liesbeth
Ferdinande
Deel 1: pathologie van de cel
- homeostase: evenwicht tss functie en structuur
- adaptatie: reversibele functionele en structurele respons -> nieuwe steady state
- celschade: reversibel of irreversibel
- celdood: fysiologisch en pathologisch
1. Adaptatie van cellulaire groei en differentiatie
- reversibele respons op extreme fysiologische stress of pathologische (schadelijke) stimuli
- veranderingen in celgroei, celgrootte of differentiatie
- intracellulaire accumulatie
- diverse moleculaire mechanismen
1.1 Hypertrofie
Prof. Liesbeth Ferdinande
,Inhoudsopgave
1. Adaptatie van cellulaire groei en differentiatie........................................................................................... 3
1.1 Hypertrofie.....................................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Hyperplasie.....................................................................................................................................................4
1.3 Atrofie.............................................................................................................................................................4
1.4 Metaplasie......................................................................................................................................................4
1.5 Intracellulaire accumulaties...........................................................................................................................5
2. Celschade en celdood................................................................................................................................. 7
2.1 oorzaken en mechanismen.............................................................................................................................7
2.2 irreversibele celschade: celdood....................................................................................................................8
3. celveroudering......................................................................................................................................... 11
1. basis van repair en regeneratie................................................................................................................. 14
1.1 celproliferatie...............................................................................................................................................14
1.2 Extracellulaire matrix...................................................................................................................................15
1.3 stamcellen....................................................................................................................................................15
1.4 angiogenese.................................................................................................................................................16
2. regeneratie.............................................................................................................................................. 18
3. Repair en wondheling.............................................................................................................................. 19
3.1 Repair...........................................................................................................................................................19
3.2 wondheling...................................................................................................................................................19
3.3 sequentie......................................................................................................................................................20
4. effecten op wondheling............................................................................................................................ 23
4.1 systemisch....................................................................................................................................................23
4.2 lokaal............................................................................................................................................................23
5. pathologische repair................................................................................................................................ 23
5.1 deficiënte littekenvorming...........................................................................................................................23
5.2 overmatige repair.........................................................................................................................................23
5.3 overmatige wondcontractie.........................................................................................................................23
5.4 Fibrose..........................................................................................................................................................24
1. Oedeem................................................................................................................................................... 25
1.1 oorzaken.......................................................................................................................................................26
2. Hyperemie en congestie (= lokale toename vn bloedvolume)....................................................................26
3. Hemorrhagie (bloeding)........................................................................................................................... 27
,4. thrombose............................................................................................................................................... 27
4.1 virchow’s triade:...........................................................................................................................................27
4.2 evolutie van een thrombus...........................................................................................................................28
4.3 klinische implicaties......................................................................................................................................28
5. embool.................................................................................................................................................... 28
5.1 longembolen.................................................................................................................................................28
5.2 systemische thromboëmbolie......................................................................................................................28
5.3 andere..........................................................................................................................................................29
6. infarct...................................................................................................................................................... 29
7. shock....................................................................................................................................................... 29
7.1 oorzaken van shock......................................................................................................................................30
8. atherosclerose......................................................................................................................................... 30
8.1 risicofactoren................................................................................................................................................30
8.2 pathogenese.................................................................................................................................................31
8.3 consequenties...............................................................................................................................................31
1. inflammatie............................................................................................................................................. 31
1.1 acute inflammatie........................................................................................................................................31
1.1.1 oorzaken...............................................................................................................................................31
1.1.1. bloedvaten in acute inflammatie.........................................................................................................32
1.1.2 leukocyten in acute inflammatie..........................................................................................................32
Extravasatie van leukocyten.....................................................................................................................32
Herkenning van microben en dode weefsels...........................................................................................33
Fagocytose................................................................................................................................................33
1.2 chronische inflammatie................................................................................................................................34
1.2.1 chronische inflammatie: oorzaken.......................................................................................................35
2. normale immuunrespons......................................................................................................................... 35
2.1 aangeboren immuniteit...............................................................................................................................35
2.1.1 epitheel.................................................................................................................................................35
2.1.2 fagocyterende cellen: neutrofielen, macrofagen.................................................................................35
2.1.3 dendritische cellen................................................................................................................................35
2.1.4 natural killer (NK) cellen.......................................................................................................................36
2.1.5 plasma-eiwitten: complement systeem...............................................................................................36
2.2 adaptieve immuniteit...................................................................................................................................36
2.2.1 T-lymfocyten.........................................................................................................................................37
2.2.2 B-lymfocyten.........................................................................................................................................37
2.2.3 MHC moleculen....................................................................................................................................38
MHC klasse I moleculen............................................................................................................................38
MHC klasse II moleculen...........................................................................................................................38
2.3 cellulaire immuniteit....................................................................................................................................38
2.4 humorale immuniteit...................................................................................................................................39
2.5 afname van immuunrespons en immunologisch geheugen........................................................................40
, Histopathologie: Liesbeth
Ferdinande
Deel 1: pathologie van de cel
- homeostase: evenwicht tss functie en structuur
- adaptatie: reversibele functionele en structurele respons -> nieuwe steady state
- celschade: reversibel of irreversibel
- celdood: fysiologisch en pathologisch
1. Adaptatie van cellulaire groei en differentiatie
- reversibele respons op extreme fysiologische stress of pathologische (schadelijke) stimuli
- veranderingen in celgroei, celgrootte of differentiatie
- intracellulaire accumulatie
- diverse moleculaire mechanismen
1.1 Hypertrofie
