Samenvatting bedrijfsprocessen
Inhoud
1. Inleiding..................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Bedrijfsprocessen?..........................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Het SCOR model.............................................................................................................................................5
1.3 Innovatie vs. verbetering................................................................................................................................6
1.4 Kenmerken processen....................................................................................................................................6
1.4.1 Transactie volgt selectie.........................................................................................................................6
1.4.2 Drie subprocessen..................................................................................................................................6
1.4.3 Continue verbetering..............................................................................................................................7
1.4.4 Blokkendoos............................................................................................................................................7
1.5 De geschiedenis van ERP................................................................................................................................7
1.6 Belgische markt..............................................................................................................................................8
2. Natuurlijke verhoudingen......................................................................................................................... 10
3. Basisbegrippen......................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1 Bullwhip........................................................................................................................................................13
3.2 Productieomgevingen..................................................................................................................................16
3.2.1 Job shop................................................................................................................................................16
3.2.2 Continuous flow....................................................................................................................................19
4. Lean thinking........................................................................................................................................... 21
4.1 Geschiedenis van Lean.................................................................................................................................21
4.1.1 Personen...............................................................................................................................................21
4.1.2 Toyota – the Lean Model......................................................................................................................22
4.2 7 principes....................................................................................................................................................23
4.2.1 Value.....................................................................................................................................................23
4.2.2 Value creation.......................................................................................................................................23
4.2.3 Pull........................................................................................................................................................25
4.2.4 Flow.......................................................................................................................................................26
4.2.5 Cultuur (Roles, responsibilities and culture)........................................................................................28
, 4.2.6 Neuzen in dezelfde richting (Goal alignment)......................................................................................28
4.2.7 Continue verbetering/Continuous improvement.................................................................................29
5. VSM......................................................................................................................................................... 30
5.1 Wat is Value Stream Mapping?...................................................................................................................30
5.1.1 Symbolen..............................................................................................................................................32
5.2 Waste walk/current state............................................................................................................................33
5.3 Future state..................................................................................................................................................35
5.3.1 Cyclus vs takttijd...................................................................................................................................35
5.3.2 Afval kwalificeren.................................................................................................................................36
6. BPMN...................................................................................................................................................... 39
6.1 Wat is BMPN?..............................................................................................................................................39
6.2 Symbolen......................................................................................................................................................41
6.2.1 Pools en swimlanes...............................................................................................................................41
6.2.2 Andere symbolen..................................................................................................................................43
7. Verkoopproces......................................................................................................................................... 46
7.1 Selectieproces...............................................................................................................................................46
7.2 Order to Cash proces....................................................................................................................................47
7.2.1 KOOP.....................................................................................................................................................47
7.2.2 Proces...................................................................................................................................................49
8. S&OP proces............................................................................................................................................ 52
8.1 Marketingproces..........................................................................................................................................52
8.2 Demand planning proces.............................................................................................................................53
8.3 Supply Planning Proces................................................................................................................................54
8.4 Sales & Operations Planning proces............................................................................................................54
8.4.1 S&O-meeting........................................................................................................................................54
9. Planningsproces....................................................................................................................................... 56
9.1 Onafhankelijke vraag...................................................................................................................................57
9.2 Aanvulling en afstemming van processen: MPS..........................................................................................58
2
, 9.3 Explosie: MRP en CRP...................................................................................................................................59
9.4 Orders maken...............................................................................................................................................60
10. Productieproces..................................................................................................................................... 62
10.1 Vrijgeven productieorder...........................................................................................................................62
10.2 Voorbereiden..............................................................................................................................................63
10.3 Stagen en omstellen...................................................................................................................................63
10.4 Produceren.................................................................................................................................................63
10.5 Afronden.....................................................................................................................................................64
11. Aankoopproces...................................................................................................................................... 65
11.1 Definitie: generiek proces...........................................................................................................................65
11.1.1 Selectieproces.....................................................................................................................................66
11.1.2 Transactieproces.................................................................................................................................67
11.2 Goederen en diensten................................................................................................................................68
3
, 1. Inleiding
1.1 Bedrijfsprocessen?
Waarom bedrijfsprocessen?
o In bedrijven gebeurt alles via processen
Wat is een proces?
o Waarde toevoegende activiteiten (proces voert waagde toe)
o Het voldoet aan controles en wettelijke verplichtingen
o Bedrijfsregels en de interne afspraken bv. hoeveel aankopen
o Afval of geen waarde toevoegende activiteiten = opportuniteiten tot
verbetering bv. Te veel afval
Soorten bedrijfsprocessen
o Algemeen: verkoop, aankoop, marketing, financiering, controle,
boekhouding, HR
o Specifiek voor goederen: voorraadbeheer, productie, planning,
distributie, transport, dienstverlening
o Specifiek voor diensten: dienstverlening, bv consulting, accounting
ICT, recrutering, loonberekening
o Andere: onderzoek & ontwikkeling vs operaties
4
Inhoud
1. Inleiding..................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Bedrijfsprocessen?..........................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Het SCOR model.............................................................................................................................................5
1.3 Innovatie vs. verbetering................................................................................................................................6
1.4 Kenmerken processen....................................................................................................................................6
1.4.1 Transactie volgt selectie.........................................................................................................................6
1.4.2 Drie subprocessen..................................................................................................................................6
1.4.3 Continue verbetering..............................................................................................................................7
1.4.4 Blokkendoos............................................................................................................................................7
1.5 De geschiedenis van ERP................................................................................................................................7
1.6 Belgische markt..............................................................................................................................................8
2. Natuurlijke verhoudingen......................................................................................................................... 10
3. Basisbegrippen......................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1 Bullwhip........................................................................................................................................................13
3.2 Productieomgevingen..................................................................................................................................16
3.2.1 Job shop................................................................................................................................................16
3.2.2 Continuous flow....................................................................................................................................19
4. Lean thinking........................................................................................................................................... 21
4.1 Geschiedenis van Lean.................................................................................................................................21
4.1.1 Personen...............................................................................................................................................21
4.1.2 Toyota – the Lean Model......................................................................................................................22
4.2 7 principes....................................................................................................................................................23
4.2.1 Value.....................................................................................................................................................23
4.2.2 Value creation.......................................................................................................................................23
4.2.3 Pull........................................................................................................................................................25
4.2.4 Flow.......................................................................................................................................................26
4.2.5 Cultuur (Roles, responsibilities and culture)........................................................................................28
, 4.2.6 Neuzen in dezelfde richting (Goal alignment)......................................................................................28
4.2.7 Continue verbetering/Continuous improvement.................................................................................29
5. VSM......................................................................................................................................................... 30
5.1 Wat is Value Stream Mapping?...................................................................................................................30
5.1.1 Symbolen..............................................................................................................................................32
5.2 Waste walk/current state............................................................................................................................33
5.3 Future state..................................................................................................................................................35
5.3.1 Cyclus vs takttijd...................................................................................................................................35
5.3.2 Afval kwalificeren.................................................................................................................................36
6. BPMN...................................................................................................................................................... 39
6.1 Wat is BMPN?..............................................................................................................................................39
6.2 Symbolen......................................................................................................................................................41
6.2.1 Pools en swimlanes...............................................................................................................................41
6.2.2 Andere symbolen..................................................................................................................................43
7. Verkoopproces......................................................................................................................................... 46
7.1 Selectieproces...............................................................................................................................................46
7.2 Order to Cash proces....................................................................................................................................47
7.2.1 KOOP.....................................................................................................................................................47
7.2.2 Proces...................................................................................................................................................49
8. S&OP proces............................................................................................................................................ 52
8.1 Marketingproces..........................................................................................................................................52
8.2 Demand planning proces.............................................................................................................................53
8.3 Supply Planning Proces................................................................................................................................54
8.4 Sales & Operations Planning proces............................................................................................................54
8.4.1 S&O-meeting........................................................................................................................................54
9. Planningsproces....................................................................................................................................... 56
9.1 Onafhankelijke vraag...................................................................................................................................57
9.2 Aanvulling en afstemming van processen: MPS..........................................................................................58
2
, 9.3 Explosie: MRP en CRP...................................................................................................................................59
9.4 Orders maken...............................................................................................................................................60
10. Productieproces..................................................................................................................................... 62
10.1 Vrijgeven productieorder...........................................................................................................................62
10.2 Voorbereiden..............................................................................................................................................63
10.3 Stagen en omstellen...................................................................................................................................63
10.4 Produceren.................................................................................................................................................63
10.5 Afronden.....................................................................................................................................................64
11. Aankoopproces...................................................................................................................................... 65
11.1 Definitie: generiek proces...........................................................................................................................65
11.1.1 Selectieproces.....................................................................................................................................66
11.1.2 Transactieproces.................................................................................................................................67
11.2 Goederen en diensten................................................................................................................................68
3
, 1. Inleiding
1.1 Bedrijfsprocessen?
Waarom bedrijfsprocessen?
o In bedrijven gebeurt alles via processen
Wat is een proces?
o Waarde toevoegende activiteiten (proces voert waagde toe)
o Het voldoet aan controles en wettelijke verplichtingen
o Bedrijfsregels en de interne afspraken bv. hoeveel aankopen
o Afval of geen waarde toevoegende activiteiten = opportuniteiten tot
verbetering bv. Te veel afval
Soorten bedrijfsprocessen
o Algemeen: verkoop, aankoop, marketing, financiering, controle,
boekhouding, HR
o Specifiek voor goederen: voorraadbeheer, productie, planning,
distributie, transport, dienstverlening
o Specifiek voor diensten: dienstverlening, bv consulting, accounting
ICT, recrutering, loonberekening
o Andere: onderzoek & ontwikkeling vs operaties
4
