Samenvatting Health in Society
Inhoud
Hoorcollege 1: Introduction to new public health..................................................................................1
Hoorcollege 2: Politics, inequity, and social determinants of health......................................................4
Seminar 1................................................................................................................................................7
Studyquestions...................................................................................................................................7
Hoorcollege 3: Health, environments and societies...............................................................................9
Baum hoofdstuk 17..........................................................................................................................12
Seminar 2..............................................................................................................................................12
Studyquestions.................................................................................................................................12
Hoorcollege 4: Medical and behavioural perspectives on health promotion.......................................13
Seminar 3..............................................................................................................................................17
Studyquestions.................................................................................................................................17
Hoorcollege 5: Enabling individuals and empowering communities....................................................18
Seminar 4..............................................................................................................................................22
Studyquestions.................................................................................................................................22
Hoorcollege 6: New public health policy..............................................................................................23
Seminar 5..............................................................................................................................................24
Studyquestions.................................................................................................................................24
Hoorcollege 1: Introduction to new public health
Health in a sociale issue
A toxic combination of bad policies, economics and politics is, in large measure, responsible for the
fact that a majority of people in the world do not enjoy the good health that is biologically possible.
Social determinants of health
Conditions in which people are born, grow, live work and age determines the degree of health.
1
,Health and social conditions/ quality of life are related, but you have to do two very different things to
impact both.
What is health?
Clockmodel in medicine: the body is a machine and all the different parts have to work properly.
Health is when the body operates efficiently, like a machine.
More than absence of illness
Criticism on the concept of 'health' lies in the fact that it is very mechanistic and that the focus is on
the absence of illness. Health a state of complete, physical, mental and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease of infirmity.
Positive health
Postive health is a strength that contributes to good health and protects against ilness. It has psysical,
mental and spiritual aspects. It takes place in dailty functioning and in social participation. It’s related
to the quality of live. Positive health is different for everybody.
What is public health?
In public health we talk about the health of populations rather than individuals (holistic/ econsystems
understanding). Also we talk about a prevention approach instead of treatment. And we talk about
collective rather than personal interventions (focus on places, settings, locations).
Roots of public health
Public health was the idea to combat infectious diseases. It started throughout the 19th century in the
UK.
What influences public health?
McKeown’s thesis (1979): Improved living standard are more important than medical advances. Main
critique came from Szreter. He indicated that it was not so much the living standards that improved,
but the public health movement that focused on working conditions, housing, education and health
services made al the differences.
2
, WHO Healthy Cities approach
The three pillars of this approach are:
1. Physical and social environments: good and clean parks, good infrastructures, making sure
that community spaces are available
2. Strong community: citizen are able and willing to speak up for themselves, to talk together,
find solutions for potential problems
3. Focus on such outcomes as number of trusting people; availability of community spaces
New perspective on public health
The largest differences between the public health and the new public health is that (1) equity takes
center stage: health for all, not only some groups of people could. Also it’s a (2) all-encompassing
system: all sectors and all policies should play their role in promoting health. And the importance of
citizen participation and involvement changed. With the new public health we want to create policies
that promote health.
The Ottawa Charter
The Ottawa Charter is the current consensus on how to promote public health in groups of people.
New perspective on public health
- Building healthy public policy
- Creacting supportive environments
- Reorienting health services
- Developing personal skils > develop skills that enable people to make healthy choices
- Strengthening community action
Importance of evidence
Health Program Planning Cycle:
1. Identify the health concern: what is the problem?
2. Conduct health needs assessment: data collection, data analysis.
3. Program design: goal, objectives, logic model, methods.
4. Program implementation & evaluation.
3
Inhoud
Hoorcollege 1: Introduction to new public health..................................................................................1
Hoorcollege 2: Politics, inequity, and social determinants of health......................................................4
Seminar 1................................................................................................................................................7
Studyquestions...................................................................................................................................7
Hoorcollege 3: Health, environments and societies...............................................................................9
Baum hoofdstuk 17..........................................................................................................................12
Seminar 2..............................................................................................................................................12
Studyquestions.................................................................................................................................12
Hoorcollege 4: Medical and behavioural perspectives on health promotion.......................................13
Seminar 3..............................................................................................................................................17
Studyquestions.................................................................................................................................17
Hoorcollege 5: Enabling individuals and empowering communities....................................................18
Seminar 4..............................................................................................................................................22
Studyquestions.................................................................................................................................22
Hoorcollege 6: New public health policy..............................................................................................23
Seminar 5..............................................................................................................................................24
Studyquestions.................................................................................................................................24
Hoorcollege 1: Introduction to new public health
Health in a sociale issue
A toxic combination of bad policies, economics and politics is, in large measure, responsible for the
fact that a majority of people in the world do not enjoy the good health that is biologically possible.
Social determinants of health
Conditions in which people are born, grow, live work and age determines the degree of health.
1
,Health and social conditions/ quality of life are related, but you have to do two very different things to
impact both.
What is health?
Clockmodel in medicine: the body is a machine and all the different parts have to work properly.
Health is when the body operates efficiently, like a machine.
More than absence of illness
Criticism on the concept of 'health' lies in the fact that it is very mechanistic and that the focus is on
the absence of illness. Health a state of complete, physical, mental and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease of infirmity.
Positive health
Postive health is a strength that contributes to good health and protects against ilness. It has psysical,
mental and spiritual aspects. It takes place in dailty functioning and in social participation. It’s related
to the quality of live. Positive health is different for everybody.
What is public health?
In public health we talk about the health of populations rather than individuals (holistic/ econsystems
understanding). Also we talk about a prevention approach instead of treatment. And we talk about
collective rather than personal interventions (focus on places, settings, locations).
Roots of public health
Public health was the idea to combat infectious diseases. It started throughout the 19th century in the
UK.
What influences public health?
McKeown’s thesis (1979): Improved living standard are more important than medical advances. Main
critique came from Szreter. He indicated that it was not so much the living standards that improved,
but the public health movement that focused on working conditions, housing, education and health
services made al the differences.
2
, WHO Healthy Cities approach
The three pillars of this approach are:
1. Physical and social environments: good and clean parks, good infrastructures, making sure
that community spaces are available
2. Strong community: citizen are able and willing to speak up for themselves, to talk together,
find solutions for potential problems
3. Focus on such outcomes as number of trusting people; availability of community spaces
New perspective on public health
The largest differences between the public health and the new public health is that (1) equity takes
center stage: health for all, not only some groups of people could. Also it’s a (2) all-encompassing
system: all sectors and all policies should play their role in promoting health. And the importance of
citizen participation and involvement changed. With the new public health we want to create policies
that promote health.
The Ottawa Charter
The Ottawa Charter is the current consensus on how to promote public health in groups of people.
New perspective on public health
- Building healthy public policy
- Creacting supportive environments
- Reorienting health services
- Developing personal skils > develop skills that enable people to make healthy choices
- Strengthening community action
Importance of evidence
Health Program Planning Cycle:
1. Identify the health concern: what is the problem?
2. Conduct health needs assessment: data collection, data analysis.
3. Program design: goal, objectives, logic model, methods.
4. Program implementation & evaluation.
3
