CERTIFICATION TEST PAPER 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
● Ethics. Answer: Aiming for the strongest, most supported, well-
designed research possible.
● Neuroethics. Answer: A field that studies ethical, legal, and societal
implications of neuroscience.
● Bias. Answer: Influenced by unfair beliefs, prejudice, preferences, and
stereotypes.
● Tuskegee Study. Answer: 1932-1972 researchers were interested in the
long term effects of syphilis, telling black participants they had 'bad
blood', which led to infecting spouses and children.
● Tuskegee Study Ethical Violations. Answer: Participants were not
treated respectfully, were harmed, and were a targeted and
disadvantaged social group.
● Bias Influences. Answer: Bias influences questions asked, methods
used, the manipulation and interpretation of data.
, ● Written Communication in Research. Answer: Journal articles (peer
reviewed) → empirical/primary research (for other scientists) → review
→ meta-analysis (trends of many data sets discussed), books, and media
reporting.
● Oral Communication in Research. Answer: Conferences, posters,
symposiums, invited speakers.
● Peer Review Process. Answer: Anonymous review (3-4 experts on the
subject) → critique work → how the research was conducted, analyzed,
interpreted, context, novel/important.
● Scientific Misconduct. Answer: Intentional distortion of the research
process by fabrication of data, text, hypothesis, or methods from another
researcher's manuscript form or publication.
● Data Fabrication. Answer: Making up data.
● Data Falsification. Answer: Distorting or omitting results.
● Plagiarism. Answer: Taking someone else's ideas, processes, results, or
words without giving appropriate credit.