NCLEX Prep Week 1 2026 Expert
Verified | Ace the Test
Sodium - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔136-145 mEq/L
- muscle contraction
- nerve impulses
- volume control
Hyponatremia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Burns, SIADH, Addison's, Failure (kidney,
heart, liver)
- Seizure, < LOC, < reflexes, ^ bowel sounds, ^ ICP, weakness
Slow replacement of Na (0.5 mEq/L)
3% NS (0.9% if hypovolemic)
, Osmotic diuretic to lose H2O
Hypernatremia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Steroids/DI, Cushing's, Hypertonic fluids,
Fluid loss
- cellular dehydration leading to mental status changes, thirst, twitching,
edema, dry membranes
Hypotonic fluids (1/2 NS, D5W)
Loop Diuretics for hypervolemic (Na+ wasting)
Na+ restriction and PO free water
Hypervolemic s/s - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Edema, JVD, HTN, bounding pulses,
dyspnea
Hypovolemic s/s - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔hypotension, weak pulses, tachycardia
Potassium - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔3.5-5.0 mEq/L
- acid base balance
- electrical impulses
Hypokalemia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔V/d, loop/thiazide diuretics, Cushing's, ^
insulin, alkalosis
Verified | Ace the Test
Sodium - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔136-145 mEq/L
- muscle contraction
- nerve impulses
- volume control
Hyponatremia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Burns, SIADH, Addison's, Failure (kidney,
heart, liver)
- Seizure, < LOC, < reflexes, ^ bowel sounds, ^ ICP, weakness
Slow replacement of Na (0.5 mEq/L)
3% NS (0.9% if hypovolemic)
, Osmotic diuretic to lose H2O
Hypernatremia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Steroids/DI, Cushing's, Hypertonic fluids,
Fluid loss
- cellular dehydration leading to mental status changes, thirst, twitching,
edema, dry membranes
Hypotonic fluids (1/2 NS, D5W)
Loop Diuretics for hypervolemic (Na+ wasting)
Na+ restriction and PO free water
Hypervolemic s/s - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Edema, JVD, HTN, bounding pulses,
dyspnea
Hypovolemic s/s - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔hypotension, weak pulses, tachycardia
Potassium - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔3.5-5.0 mEq/L
- acid base balance
- electrical impulses
Hypokalemia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔V/d, loop/thiazide diuretics, Cushing's, ^
insulin, alkalosis
