BIOLOGY 102: EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
QUESTION 100% ANSWERED 2026-
2027
All living things are grouped into one of the three "domains." Name the domains, and
describe the basis of classification. Which domains do each of the following belong to:
plants, animals, fungi, common bacteria. - ANSWERSBacteria (common bacteria)
Archaea
Eukarya (plants, animals, fungi, protists)
Which domain is the most diverse? - ANSWERSBacteria
Eukaryotes can be divided into four kingdoms—know their names. Describe the
differences between Plants, Animals, and Fungi based on their nutrition. How are their
cell structure different...that is think about whether the cell has a cell wall, cell
membrane, nucleus etc? if it has a cell wall, then what is the material made up of? -
ANSWERSPlants are autotrophs
Animals and fungi are heterotrophs
Protists are similar to all other categories, kind of random
Only plants, some fungi and some protists have a cell wall. ANIMALS HAVE NO CELL
WALL. They all have cell membrane and nucleus.
CELL WALL MADE OF CELLULOSE
MEMBRANE MADE OF LIPIDS
The present phylogenetic trees are based on ______ - ANSWERSDNA
Know to analyze evolutionary trees and tell the relationship between species in the tree.
- ANSWERSCloser related = More recent ancestor
Ancestors are shown at nodes
What are the characteristics shared by all living things? - ANSWERSCells, DNA,
Metabolism, Homeostasis
, Know the two basic types of cells, and what makes prokaryotes and eukaryotes
different.
What kinds of organisms are prokaryotes?
Are multi-celled organisms eukaryotes, prokaryotes, or both? - ANSWERSProkaryote-
Bacteria and Archaea (single celled)
Eukaryote- Eukarya (both)
Prokaryotes have NO nucleus or organelles, have a cell wall and sometimes have a
capsule.
Eukaryotes have a nucleus and organelles, and sometimes a cell wall
What features do ALL cells share? - ANSWERScytoplasm, cell membrane, DNA,
ribosomes
What structures do bacteria and archaea cells have in common? - ANSWERSSince
they are prokaryotes, they have NO nucleus or organelles, but they have a cell wall and
sometimes a capsule
Know the parts and functions of the parts of a typical bacterial cell. -
ANSWERSRibosomes- protein synthesis
Flagella- Cell movement
Cell Wall- Protection/ Sometimes has an effect on antibiotics because of peptidoglycan
Plasma membrane- Permeability
Plasmid/Chromosomes- Genes
Cytoplasm- Suspend organelles
Pili- Transfer of genetic material
(Capsule)- sticky and can attach to things
Are bacteria relatively new or relatively ancient forms of life on Earth? -
ANSWERSAncient, we know most about them
Describe the general modes of nutrition of bacteria. How are autotrophs, and
heterotrophs different? For each of the groups photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs and
chemoorganotrophs , what is the energy source, what is the carbon source? -
ANSWERSAutotrophs- Make own food
QUESTION 100% ANSWERED 2026-
2027
All living things are grouped into one of the three "domains." Name the domains, and
describe the basis of classification. Which domains do each of the following belong to:
plants, animals, fungi, common bacteria. - ANSWERSBacteria (common bacteria)
Archaea
Eukarya (plants, animals, fungi, protists)
Which domain is the most diverse? - ANSWERSBacteria
Eukaryotes can be divided into four kingdoms—know their names. Describe the
differences between Plants, Animals, and Fungi based on their nutrition. How are their
cell structure different...that is think about whether the cell has a cell wall, cell
membrane, nucleus etc? if it has a cell wall, then what is the material made up of? -
ANSWERSPlants are autotrophs
Animals and fungi are heterotrophs
Protists are similar to all other categories, kind of random
Only plants, some fungi and some protists have a cell wall. ANIMALS HAVE NO CELL
WALL. They all have cell membrane and nucleus.
CELL WALL MADE OF CELLULOSE
MEMBRANE MADE OF LIPIDS
The present phylogenetic trees are based on ______ - ANSWERSDNA
Know to analyze evolutionary trees and tell the relationship between species in the tree.
- ANSWERSCloser related = More recent ancestor
Ancestors are shown at nodes
What are the characteristics shared by all living things? - ANSWERSCells, DNA,
Metabolism, Homeostasis
, Know the two basic types of cells, and what makes prokaryotes and eukaryotes
different.
What kinds of organisms are prokaryotes?
Are multi-celled organisms eukaryotes, prokaryotes, or both? - ANSWERSProkaryote-
Bacteria and Archaea (single celled)
Eukaryote- Eukarya (both)
Prokaryotes have NO nucleus or organelles, have a cell wall and sometimes have a
capsule.
Eukaryotes have a nucleus and organelles, and sometimes a cell wall
What features do ALL cells share? - ANSWERScytoplasm, cell membrane, DNA,
ribosomes
What structures do bacteria and archaea cells have in common? - ANSWERSSince
they are prokaryotes, they have NO nucleus or organelles, but they have a cell wall and
sometimes a capsule
Know the parts and functions of the parts of a typical bacterial cell. -
ANSWERSRibosomes- protein synthesis
Flagella- Cell movement
Cell Wall- Protection/ Sometimes has an effect on antibiotics because of peptidoglycan
Plasma membrane- Permeability
Plasmid/Chromosomes- Genes
Cytoplasm- Suspend organelles
Pili- Transfer of genetic material
(Capsule)- sticky and can attach to things
Are bacteria relatively new or relatively ancient forms of life on Earth? -
ANSWERSAncient, we know most about them
Describe the general modes of nutrition of bacteria. How are autotrophs, and
heterotrophs different? For each of the groups photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs and
chemoorganotrophs , what is the energy source, what is the carbon source? -
ANSWERSAutotrophs- Make own food
