ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION
FILIP VAN DE VOORDE
1
,INHOUD
les 1: introduction – concrete: history ............................................................................................................ 5
Chapter 1: construction history concrete ................................................................................................... 5
best practices ............................................................................................................................................. 7
Les 2: concrete technology and future techniques ........................................................................................ 7
Ecological impact ....................................................................................................................................... 7
Production process .................................................................................................................................... 7
The composition of concrete ...................................................................................................................... 9
Design and construction process ............................................................................................................. 10
The use phase and end-of-life ................................................................................................................. 10
Contemporary and future strategies ........................................................................................................ 10
1) Binary and ternary cements ....................................................................................................... 10
2) Cement based on recycled construction rubble ......................................................................... 11
3) recycled cement ......................................................................................................................... 11
4) Cement based on magnesium silicate ....................................................................................... 11
5) CSH cement ............................................................................................................................... 12
6) Belite cement (reactive belite-rich portalnd cement RBPC) ....................................................... 12
7) super-sulphated cement ............................................................................................................. 12
8) sulphur concrete ......................................................................................................................... 12
9) alkali activated materials (AAMs) – geopolymers ...................................................................... 13
10) calcined clay ............................................................................................................................... 13
11) ashing of biomass .......................................................................................................................... 13
12) curing by carbonation ..................................................................................................................... 14
13) cement with low lime content ......................................................................................................... 14
14) recycled aggregates ....................................................................................................................... 14
15) artificial (industrial) aggregates – copper slag ............................................................................... 14
20) injection of CO2 into fresh concrete ............................................................................................... 14
21) On-site recycling and production ................................................................................................... 14
22) Demountable or reversible construction ........................................................................................ 15
23) 3D printing ...................................................................................................................................... 15
24) self-healing concrete ...................................................................................................................... 15
25) smart crushing techniques ............................................................................................................. 15
26) (Smart sorting and separation techniques) .................................................................................... 15
27) Biodeposition of CaCO3 by bacteria .............................................................................................. 15
recap: contemporary strategies towards sustainability ............................................................................ 15
2
,Les 3: wood: techniques timber building systems ....................................................................................... 16
Context ..................................................................................................................................................... 16
Types of timber construction systems ..................................................................................................... 16
Stability..................................................................................................................................................... 17
Fire safety ................................................................................................................................................ 18
Acoustics .................................................................................................................................................. 19
Moisture protection .................................................................................................................................. 19
Thermal performance ............................................................................................................................... 20
Mid-rise timber in Belgium and Europe .................................................................................................... 20
Les 4: construction history steel .................................................................................................................. 21
Wrought iron and cast iron ....................................................................................................................... 21
Railways and great ships ......................................................................................................................... 24
Bridges ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
Train stations............................................................................................................................................ 24
skyscrapers and co .................................................................................................................................. 25
Connections ............................................................................................................................................. 28
Steel in modern architecture .................................................................................................................... 29
Les 5: steel technology and future techniques ............................................................................................ 30
Ecological impact ..................................................................................................................................... 30
Production process .................................................................................................................................. 31
Blast furnace – basic oxygen furnace .................................................................................................. 31
Electric arc furnace ............................................................................................................................... 32
Steel casting ......................................................................................................................................... 33
Design and construction process ............................................................................................................. 33
Use and end-of-life ................................................................................................................................... 34
Contemporary and future strategies ........................................................................................................ 34
Les 6: building survey .................................................................................................................................. 37
“As found”................................................................................................................................................. 37
Renovation: some archetypes .............................................................................................................. 37
Basics ....................................................................................................................................................... 37
History ...................................................................................................................................................... 39
Foundations ............................................................................................................................................. 40
Masonry ................................................................................................................................................... 40
timber ....................................................................................................................................................... 41
Concrete................................................................................................................................................... 42
Steel ......................................................................................................................................................... 43
3
, Les 7 ..................................................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd.
4
FILIP VAN DE VOORDE
1
,INHOUD
les 1: introduction – concrete: history ............................................................................................................ 5
Chapter 1: construction history concrete ................................................................................................... 5
best practices ............................................................................................................................................. 7
Les 2: concrete technology and future techniques ........................................................................................ 7
Ecological impact ....................................................................................................................................... 7
Production process .................................................................................................................................... 7
The composition of concrete ...................................................................................................................... 9
Design and construction process ............................................................................................................. 10
The use phase and end-of-life ................................................................................................................. 10
Contemporary and future strategies ........................................................................................................ 10
1) Binary and ternary cements ....................................................................................................... 10
2) Cement based on recycled construction rubble ......................................................................... 11
3) recycled cement ......................................................................................................................... 11
4) Cement based on magnesium silicate ....................................................................................... 11
5) CSH cement ............................................................................................................................... 12
6) Belite cement (reactive belite-rich portalnd cement RBPC) ....................................................... 12
7) super-sulphated cement ............................................................................................................. 12
8) sulphur concrete ......................................................................................................................... 12
9) alkali activated materials (AAMs) – geopolymers ...................................................................... 13
10) calcined clay ............................................................................................................................... 13
11) ashing of biomass .......................................................................................................................... 13
12) curing by carbonation ..................................................................................................................... 14
13) cement with low lime content ......................................................................................................... 14
14) recycled aggregates ....................................................................................................................... 14
15) artificial (industrial) aggregates – copper slag ............................................................................... 14
20) injection of CO2 into fresh concrete ............................................................................................... 14
21) On-site recycling and production ................................................................................................... 14
22) Demountable or reversible construction ........................................................................................ 15
23) 3D printing ...................................................................................................................................... 15
24) self-healing concrete ...................................................................................................................... 15
25) smart crushing techniques ............................................................................................................. 15
26) (Smart sorting and separation techniques) .................................................................................... 15
27) Biodeposition of CaCO3 by bacteria .............................................................................................. 15
recap: contemporary strategies towards sustainability ............................................................................ 15
2
,Les 3: wood: techniques timber building systems ....................................................................................... 16
Context ..................................................................................................................................................... 16
Types of timber construction systems ..................................................................................................... 16
Stability..................................................................................................................................................... 17
Fire safety ................................................................................................................................................ 18
Acoustics .................................................................................................................................................. 19
Moisture protection .................................................................................................................................. 19
Thermal performance ............................................................................................................................... 20
Mid-rise timber in Belgium and Europe .................................................................................................... 20
Les 4: construction history steel .................................................................................................................. 21
Wrought iron and cast iron ....................................................................................................................... 21
Railways and great ships ......................................................................................................................... 24
Bridges ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
Train stations............................................................................................................................................ 24
skyscrapers and co .................................................................................................................................. 25
Connections ............................................................................................................................................. 28
Steel in modern architecture .................................................................................................................... 29
Les 5: steel technology and future techniques ............................................................................................ 30
Ecological impact ..................................................................................................................................... 30
Production process .................................................................................................................................. 31
Blast furnace – basic oxygen furnace .................................................................................................. 31
Electric arc furnace ............................................................................................................................... 32
Steel casting ......................................................................................................................................... 33
Design and construction process ............................................................................................................. 33
Use and end-of-life ................................................................................................................................... 34
Contemporary and future strategies ........................................................................................................ 34
Les 6: building survey .................................................................................................................................. 37
“As found”................................................................................................................................................. 37
Renovation: some archetypes .............................................................................................................. 37
Basics ....................................................................................................................................................... 37
History ...................................................................................................................................................... 39
Foundations ............................................................................................................................................. 40
Masonry ................................................................................................................................................... 40
timber ....................................................................................................................................................... 41
Concrete................................................................................................................................................... 42
Steel ......................................................................................................................................................... 43
3
, Les 7 ..................................................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd.
4
