Pathophysiology Exam 4 Questions With Complete
Solutions
Characteristics of Cushing's Syndrome Correct Answers
Decreased glucose tolerance, central obesity, round "moon"
face, edema, stria covered pad of fat on the chest and abdomen.
Characteristics of Addison's Disease Correct Answers
Decreased cortisol, Decrease BP {Hypotensive}, Decrease in
androgens and estrogens. Hypoglycemia, Loss of sodium and
water, Increase in Potassium, Acidodic,
Clinical manifestations of hypercalcemia Correct Answers
Nausea, vomiting, and may be hypertensive. Expect EKG
changes due to calcium pumps.
Criteria for Fasting Blood Sugar Test Correct Answers Greater
than 126 on more than one occasion
Cushing's Syndrome Correct Answers A metabolic disorder
resulting from the chronic and excessive production of cortisol
by the adrenal cortex.
Define dislocation Correct Answers Not touching it's usual
mate. Example: Shoulder is out of socket.
Define impaction fracture. Correct Answers (Compression)
When two bones compress a third between them. Example:
vertebrae
,Define mal-union in terms of fractures. Correct Answers An
imperfect union or previously fragmented bone or other tissue. It
can be caused by improper immobilization of a fracture.
Define oblique fracture. Correct Answers At an angle,
inheritently unstable. Some patients will have a bone protruding
from their skin. Reduction will be surgical.
Define osteoarthritis. Correct Answers The most common type
of bone disorder of moveable joints. Slow and progressive.
Finger joints are swollen and fingers can be crooked. Knuckle
joints are not affected.
Define osteodystrophy. Correct Answers Category for skeletal
disorders associated with renal failure.
Define osteomalacia. Correct Answers [SOFT BONES} A
metabolic disease characterized by inadequate and delayed
mineralization of osteoid in mature compact and spongy bone.
Define reduction in terms of fractures. Correct Answers
Manipulate things back where they should be. Closed reduction
means a cast. The cast will go above and below the closest joint.
Define renal failure Correct Answers 75% of the nephron total
mass is gone
Define retention in terms of fractures. Correct Answers Holding
everything in place. A patient that requires surgery may require
traction.
, Define scleroderma. Correct Answers Chronic hardening and
thickening of the skin caused by new collagen formation. Most
common in middle age females. Connective tissue disorder. 3:1
females to males
Define spirlal fracture. Correct Answers Fracture will spiral up
a bone. This is a red flag for child abuse.
Define subluxation. Correct Answers A deviation in the normal
relationship between articular and mating cartilage. A slight
dislocation. Example: shoulder
Define toxi nephropathy. Correct Answers Kidney dysfunction
due to poisoning with toxic substances
Define transverse fracture. Correct Answers Proceeds directly
across the bone.
Define Type I Diabetes Correct Answers Metabolic disorder
where we lose carbohydrate tolerance
Describe a papillary sarcoma: Correct Answers Most common
type of thyroid cancer. Accounts for 80% of thyroid cancer in
children/adults. Slow growing and thyroid must be removed.
Describe Acromegaly. Correct Answers A chronic metabolic
condition caused by over-secretion of growth hormones by the
pituitary gland. Characterized by gradual, marked soft tissue
enlargement and widening nad thickening of skeletal bones.
Solutions
Characteristics of Cushing's Syndrome Correct Answers
Decreased glucose tolerance, central obesity, round "moon"
face, edema, stria covered pad of fat on the chest and abdomen.
Characteristics of Addison's Disease Correct Answers
Decreased cortisol, Decrease BP {Hypotensive}, Decrease in
androgens and estrogens. Hypoglycemia, Loss of sodium and
water, Increase in Potassium, Acidodic,
Clinical manifestations of hypercalcemia Correct Answers
Nausea, vomiting, and may be hypertensive. Expect EKG
changes due to calcium pumps.
Criteria for Fasting Blood Sugar Test Correct Answers Greater
than 126 on more than one occasion
Cushing's Syndrome Correct Answers A metabolic disorder
resulting from the chronic and excessive production of cortisol
by the adrenal cortex.
Define dislocation Correct Answers Not touching it's usual
mate. Example: Shoulder is out of socket.
Define impaction fracture. Correct Answers (Compression)
When two bones compress a third between them. Example:
vertebrae
,Define mal-union in terms of fractures. Correct Answers An
imperfect union or previously fragmented bone or other tissue. It
can be caused by improper immobilization of a fracture.
Define oblique fracture. Correct Answers At an angle,
inheritently unstable. Some patients will have a bone protruding
from their skin. Reduction will be surgical.
Define osteoarthritis. Correct Answers The most common type
of bone disorder of moveable joints. Slow and progressive.
Finger joints are swollen and fingers can be crooked. Knuckle
joints are not affected.
Define osteodystrophy. Correct Answers Category for skeletal
disorders associated with renal failure.
Define osteomalacia. Correct Answers [SOFT BONES} A
metabolic disease characterized by inadequate and delayed
mineralization of osteoid in mature compact and spongy bone.
Define reduction in terms of fractures. Correct Answers
Manipulate things back where they should be. Closed reduction
means a cast. The cast will go above and below the closest joint.
Define renal failure Correct Answers 75% of the nephron total
mass is gone
Define retention in terms of fractures. Correct Answers Holding
everything in place. A patient that requires surgery may require
traction.
, Define scleroderma. Correct Answers Chronic hardening and
thickening of the skin caused by new collagen formation. Most
common in middle age females. Connective tissue disorder. 3:1
females to males
Define spirlal fracture. Correct Answers Fracture will spiral up
a bone. This is a red flag for child abuse.
Define subluxation. Correct Answers A deviation in the normal
relationship between articular and mating cartilage. A slight
dislocation. Example: shoulder
Define toxi nephropathy. Correct Answers Kidney dysfunction
due to poisoning with toxic substances
Define transverse fracture. Correct Answers Proceeds directly
across the bone.
Define Type I Diabetes Correct Answers Metabolic disorder
where we lose carbohydrate tolerance
Describe a papillary sarcoma: Correct Answers Most common
type of thyroid cancer. Accounts for 80% of thyroid cancer in
children/adults. Slow growing and thyroid must be removed.
Describe Acromegaly. Correct Answers A chronic metabolic
condition caused by over-secretion of growth hormones by the
pituitary gland. Characterized by gradual, marked soft tissue
enlargement and widening nad thickening of skeletal bones.
