NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Pathophysiology
|Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A
– Chamberlain
Asthma - (ANSWERS)Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive
inflammatory response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma - (ANSWERS)coughing
Wheezing
Shortness of breath
Rapid breathing
Chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) - (ANSWERS)-airway inflammation, bronchial
hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles - (ANSWERS)smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that
become the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles - (ANSWERS)innermost layer
Middle layer - lamina propria
Outermost layer
Lamina propria - (ANSWERS)the middle layer of the bronchioles
Structure of the lamina propria - (ANSWERS)embedded with connective tissue cells
and immune cells
Purpose of the lamina propria - (ANSWERS)white blood cells are present to help
protect the airways
, NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Pathophysiology
|Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A
– Chamberlain
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma - (ANSWERS)the
wbcs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response that
damages host tissue
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain - (ANSWERS)columnar
epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain - (ANSWERS)smooth
muscle cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do - (ANSWERS)control the
airways ability to constrict and dilate
Alveolar hyperinflation - (ANSWERS)When air is unable to move out of the
alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug
thus trapping air inside
How does hyperinflation occur? - (ANSWERS)the ongoing inflammatory process of
asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar - (ANSWERS)-expanded thorax and
hypercapnia (retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma - (ANSWERS)tiotropium and
ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? - (ANSWERS)These drugs block the
effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
, NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Pathophysiology
|Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A
– Chamberlain
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma - (ANSWERS)the parasympathetic system
is stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine which binds to the
cholinergic receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction =
decreased airflow
- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine binding preventing the
bronchial constriction
Bronchitis - (ANSWERS)inflammation of the bronchial tubes
3 characteristics of bronchitis - (ANSWERS)bronchial inflammation
Hypersecretion of mucus
Chronic productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months for at least 2 successive
years
Perfusion - (ANSWERS)The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the
cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Results of chronic bronchitis/ low perfusion - (ANSWERS)cyanosis
Right to left shunting
Chronic hypoxemia
Why is there cyanosis with chronic bronchitis - (ANSWERS)there is hypoxia due to
unfavorable conditions for gas exchange
Right to left shunting - (ANSWERS)when blood passes from the right ventricle
through the lungs and to the left ventricle without perfusion
|Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A
– Chamberlain
Asthma - (ANSWERS)Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive
inflammatory response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma - (ANSWERS)coughing
Wheezing
Shortness of breath
Rapid breathing
Chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) - (ANSWERS)-airway inflammation, bronchial
hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles - (ANSWERS)smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that
become the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles - (ANSWERS)innermost layer
Middle layer - lamina propria
Outermost layer
Lamina propria - (ANSWERS)the middle layer of the bronchioles
Structure of the lamina propria - (ANSWERS)embedded with connective tissue cells
and immune cells
Purpose of the lamina propria - (ANSWERS)white blood cells are present to help
protect the airways
, NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Pathophysiology
|Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A
– Chamberlain
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma - (ANSWERS)the
wbcs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response that
damages host tissue
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain - (ANSWERS)columnar
epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain - (ANSWERS)smooth
muscle cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do - (ANSWERS)control the
airways ability to constrict and dilate
Alveolar hyperinflation - (ANSWERS)When air is unable to move out of the
alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug
thus trapping air inside
How does hyperinflation occur? - (ANSWERS)the ongoing inflammatory process of
asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar - (ANSWERS)-expanded thorax and
hypercapnia (retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma - (ANSWERS)tiotropium and
ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? - (ANSWERS)These drugs block the
effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
, NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Pathophysiology
|Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A
– Chamberlain
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma - (ANSWERS)the parasympathetic system
is stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine which binds to the
cholinergic receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction =
decreased airflow
- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine binding preventing the
bronchial constriction
Bronchitis - (ANSWERS)inflammation of the bronchial tubes
3 characteristics of bronchitis - (ANSWERS)bronchial inflammation
Hypersecretion of mucus
Chronic productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months for at least 2 successive
years
Perfusion - (ANSWERS)The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the
cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Results of chronic bronchitis/ low perfusion - (ANSWERS)cyanosis
Right to left shunting
Chronic hypoxemia
Why is there cyanosis with chronic bronchitis - (ANSWERS)there is hypoxia due to
unfavorable conditions for gas exchange
Right to left shunting - (ANSWERS)when blood passes from the right ventricle
through the lungs and to the left ventricle without perfusion
