Pathophysiology Midterm
Nightingale Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What is Pathophysiology? - CORRECT ANSWER-the biologic basis for disease in
adults and children
What is Diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-naming or identification of a disease
What is etiology? - CORRECT ANSWER-study of the cause of disease
What are the cell organelles ? - CORRECT ANSWER-Plasma Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Golgi apparatus
Peroxisome
Lysosome
,What does the nucleus do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Control center of the cell and
contains DNA
What does the plasma membrane do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Controls what
enters and leaves the cell
What does the mitochondria do? - CORRECT ANSWER-This is where most of
the reactions for respiration take place. Respiration releases energy that the cell
needs to work. Powerhouse of the cell
What does the smooth ER do? - CORRECT ANSWER-synthesizes lipids
What does the rough ER do? - CORRECT ANSWER-protein synthesis
What does the Golgi apparatus do? - CORRECT ANSWER-processes,
warehouses and ships (outside and inside cell) ER products
What does the peroxisome do? - CORRECT ANSWER-break down of toxic
molecules
What does a lysosome do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Removes the junk in the cell.
What is autocrine signaling? - CORRECT ANSWER-Occurs when a cell releases a
signal and expresses a receptor for that signal at the same time.
What is contact dependent signaling ? - CORRECT ANSWER-molecules bound
to the surface of cells serve as signals to cells coming in contact with them
What is paracrine signaling? - CORRECT ANSWER-When the hormone released
from a cell acts on a neighboring cell
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, What is Hormonal signaling? - CORRECT ANSWER-long-range signal through
the blood to any cell w/ available receptors
What is a transduction pathway? - CORRECT ANSWER-series of relay proteins
that ends when a protein is activated
What is DNA? - CORRECT ANSWER-deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating
material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of
chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
What is the DNA structure? - CORRECT ANSWER-Double helix; two strands of
nucleotides running anti-parallel to one another
What are mutations? - CORRECT ANSWER-heritable changes in genetic
information
What is a genotype? - CORRECT ANSWER-genetic makeup of an organism
What is a phenotype? - CORRECT ANSWER-expression of the genes
all the observable characteristics of an organism that result from the interaction of
its genotype (total genetic inheritance) with the environment.
What are alleles? - CORRECT ANSWER-different forms of the same gene
What are genes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Genes are sections of DNA that control
a single genetic trait.
What is heterozygous? - CORRECT ANSWER-Organisms have two different
alleles for a particular trait.
Nightingale Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What is Pathophysiology? - CORRECT ANSWER-the biologic basis for disease in
adults and children
What is Diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-naming or identification of a disease
What is etiology? - CORRECT ANSWER-study of the cause of disease
What are the cell organelles ? - CORRECT ANSWER-Plasma Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Golgi apparatus
Peroxisome
Lysosome
,What does the nucleus do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Control center of the cell and
contains DNA
What does the plasma membrane do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Controls what
enters and leaves the cell
What does the mitochondria do? - CORRECT ANSWER-This is where most of
the reactions for respiration take place. Respiration releases energy that the cell
needs to work. Powerhouse of the cell
What does the smooth ER do? - CORRECT ANSWER-synthesizes lipids
What does the rough ER do? - CORRECT ANSWER-protein synthesis
What does the Golgi apparatus do? - CORRECT ANSWER-processes,
warehouses and ships (outside and inside cell) ER products
What does the peroxisome do? - CORRECT ANSWER-break down of toxic
molecules
What does a lysosome do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Removes the junk in the cell.
What is autocrine signaling? - CORRECT ANSWER-Occurs when a cell releases a
signal and expresses a receptor for that signal at the same time.
What is contact dependent signaling ? - CORRECT ANSWER-molecules bound
to the surface of cells serve as signals to cells coming in contact with them
What is paracrine signaling? - CORRECT ANSWER-When the hormone released
from a cell acts on a neighboring cell
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, What is Hormonal signaling? - CORRECT ANSWER-long-range signal through
the blood to any cell w/ available receptors
What is a transduction pathway? - CORRECT ANSWER-series of relay proteins
that ends when a protein is activated
What is DNA? - CORRECT ANSWER-deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating
material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of
chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
What is the DNA structure? - CORRECT ANSWER-Double helix; two strands of
nucleotides running anti-parallel to one another
What are mutations? - CORRECT ANSWER-heritable changes in genetic
information
What is a genotype? - CORRECT ANSWER-genetic makeup of an organism
What is a phenotype? - CORRECT ANSWER-expression of the genes
all the observable characteristics of an organism that result from the interaction of
its genotype (total genetic inheritance) with the environment.
What are alleles? - CORRECT ANSWER-different forms of the same gene
What are genes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Genes are sections of DNA that control
a single genetic trait.
What is heterozygous? - CORRECT ANSWER-Organisms have two different
alleles for a particular trait.
