NURS 6501N Week 1 Questions and Answers - ADVANCED PATHOLOGY (GOOD GRADES)

NURS 6501 WEEK 1 Quiz 1. Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells? 2. An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Wh ich genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? 3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained? 4. A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular adaptation is called: 5. A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking for? 6. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? 7. What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? 8. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the following? 9. A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition? 10. A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response? 11. How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? 12. What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair. 13. 55-year-old male has swelling of the feet. Which of the following aided in development of swelling? 14. A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this disease is associated with: 15. The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nurse describing? 16. A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: 17. A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is –70 millivolts. The predominant intracellular ion is Na+, and the predominant extracellular ion is K+. With voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential? 18. The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the following types of transport? 19. A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes how glucose is transported from the blood to the cell. What type of transport system should the nurse discuss with the patient? 20. Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis? 21. When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene. 22. A patient has severe mental retardation caused by a deletion of part of chromosome 5. What genetic disorder will the nurse see documented in the chart? 23. In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol? 24. Which of the following disorders is manifested primarily in males? 25. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?