Chap 01 7e - Gravetter
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. An important element of the scientific method is that research results should be made public.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
2. You have a terrible toothache, so you visit a dentist to find out what is wrong with your tooth. This is an example
of using the method of authority.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
3. A birdwatcher uses the rational method when, upon seeing that birds eating certain berries are unharmed, they
conclude that the berries are non-poisonous.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
4. One critical component of the scientific method is that all answers or explanations must be demonstrated
empirically.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
5. In the scientific method, the process of forming a hypothesis means that you are trying to find a possible
explanation for the phenomenon that you have observed.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
6. Research participants must be informed of all relevant aspects of the study, including any risks or dangers that
may be involved.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. Induction involves generalizing from many to a few, while deduction reasoning from the few to the many.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Gravetter
8. One difference between scientific and non-scientific answers is that the scientific answer is more likely to be
absolute or final.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
9. Science is based on objective, empirical evidence.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
10. Finding information in a textbook or ebook is an example of using the rational method of inquiry.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
11. The method of intuition can be valuable when making ethical or moral decisions by doing what “feels” right.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
12. Based on the interactions with all of the bartenders you have known, you decide that the bartender you will have
tonight will likely be organized and very sociable. This is an example of inductive reasoning.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
13. Humans who participate in a research study are properly called research subjects.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
14. No universally accepted definition of pseudoscience currently exists.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Gravetter
15. People who gamble who believe that they will be more successful if they wear a “lucky” hat are using the
method of faith.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
16. Ethical and other constraints must be considered during the research process.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
17. A common application of the rational method occurs when people try to think through a problem before they try
out different solutions.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
18. It is considered acceptable research practice to gather data without establishing the target sample size (number
of participants).
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
19. The rational method is employed when the chef concludes that the meals are delicious after seeing that diners
who eat them become repeat customers of the restaurant.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
20. Pseudoscience is based on objective, empirical evidence.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
21. Collecting data without a planned sample size inflates the likelihood that a study will show an effect based on
random chance alone.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Gravetter
22. If the scientific method is being used to evaluate a hypothesis predicting a specific relationship between two
variables, then it is essential that both variables can be measured.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
23. When selecting an answer to serve as your hypothesis, you should pick the answer that seems most likely
correct.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
24. In the scientific method, the investigation starts after the researcher has formed a hypothesis and made a specific
prediction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
25. Using a hypothesis to predict how people will behave demonstrates the use of inductive reasoning
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
26. An explanation is tenacious if it is based on _____.
a. widely held beliefs
b. logical deductions
c. evidence of the senses
d. respect for the source
ANSWER: a
27. Which potential problem can occur when the rational method is used?
a. People may lack skills in logical reasoning.
b. It requires hands-on experience so that it can be messy or even dangerous.
c. There is no method available for testing the accuracy of the claims.
d. This method requires lengthy and difficult testing.
ANSWER: a
Page 4
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. An important element of the scientific method is that research results should be made public.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
2. You have a terrible toothache, so you visit a dentist to find out what is wrong with your tooth. This is an example
of using the method of authority.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
3. A birdwatcher uses the rational method when, upon seeing that birds eating certain berries are unharmed, they
conclude that the berries are non-poisonous.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
4. One critical component of the scientific method is that all answers or explanations must be demonstrated
empirically.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
5. In the scientific method, the process of forming a hypothesis means that you are trying to find a possible
explanation for the phenomenon that you have observed.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
6. Research participants must be informed of all relevant aspects of the study, including any risks or dangers that
may be involved.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. Induction involves generalizing from many to a few, while deduction reasoning from the few to the many.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Gravetter
8. One difference between scientific and non-scientific answers is that the scientific answer is more likely to be
absolute or final.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
9. Science is based on objective, empirical evidence.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
10. Finding information in a textbook or ebook is an example of using the rational method of inquiry.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
11. The method of intuition can be valuable when making ethical or moral decisions by doing what “feels” right.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
12. Based on the interactions with all of the bartenders you have known, you decide that the bartender you will have
tonight will likely be organized and very sociable. This is an example of inductive reasoning.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
13. Humans who participate in a research study are properly called research subjects.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
14. No universally accepted definition of pseudoscience currently exists.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Gravetter
15. People who gamble who believe that they will be more successful if they wear a “lucky” hat are using the
method of faith.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
16. Ethical and other constraints must be considered during the research process.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
17. A common application of the rational method occurs when people try to think through a problem before they try
out different solutions.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
18. It is considered acceptable research practice to gather data without establishing the target sample size (number
of participants).
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
19. The rational method is employed when the chef concludes that the meals are delicious after seeing that diners
who eat them become repeat customers of the restaurant.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
20. Pseudoscience is based on objective, empirical evidence.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
21. Collecting data without a planned sample size inflates the likelihood that a study will show an effect based on
random chance alone.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Gravetter
22. If the scientific method is being used to evaluate a hypothesis predicting a specific relationship between two
variables, then it is essential that both variables can be measured.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
23. When selecting an answer to serve as your hypothesis, you should pick the answer that seems most likely
correct.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
24. In the scientific method, the investigation starts after the researcher has formed a hypothesis and made a specific
prediction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
25. Using a hypothesis to predict how people will behave demonstrates the use of inductive reasoning
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
26. An explanation is tenacious if it is based on _____.
a. widely held beliefs
b. logical deductions
c. evidence of the senses
d. respect for the source
ANSWER: a
27. Which potential problem can occur when the rational method is used?
a. People may lack skills in logical reasoning.
b. It requires hands-on experience so that it can be messy or even dangerous.
c. There is no method available for testing the accuracy of the claims.
d. This method requires lengthy and difficult testing.
ANSWER: a
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