Skeletal system of human body

Definition: The skeletal system is the framework of bones and cartilage that supports and protects the body. Functions: Provides support and shape to the body. Protects vital organs (e.g., skull protects the brain, ribcage protects the heart and lungs). Facilitates movement by serving as attachment points for muscles. Stores minerals like calcium and phosphorus. Produces blood cells in bone marrow (hematopoiesis). Components: Bones: Rigid structures forming the skeleton. Cartilage: Flexible tissue at joints for smooth movement. Ligaments: Connect bones to bones. Joints: Allow movement between bones. Types of bones: Long bones: e.g., femur, humerus – support weight and movement. Short bones: e.g., carpals, tarsals – provide stability. Flat bones: e.g., skull, sternum – protect organs. Irregular bones: e.g., vertebrae – support and protect complex structures. Sesamoid bones: e.g., patella – develop in tendons. Major divisions: Axial skeleton: Skull, vertebral column, ribcage – supports and protects central organs. Appendicular skeleton: Limbs and girdles – facilitates movement.