1
, 2
TEST BANK FOR X@ X@
PRIMARY CARE ART AND SCIENCE OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING
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– AN INTERPROFESSIONAL APPROACH 6TH EDITION DUNPHY
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Chapter 1. Primary Care in the Twenty-First Century: A Circle of Caring
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1. A nurse has conducted a literature review in an effort to identify the effect of hand
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washi ng on the incidence of nosocomial (hospital-
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
acquired) infections in acute care settings. An article presented findings at a level of signific
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
ance of <0.01. This indicates that
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A) The control group and the experimental group were more than 99% similar.
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B) The findings of the study have less than 1% chance of being attributable to chance.
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C) The effects of the intervention were nearly zero.
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D) The clinical significance of the findings was less than 1:100.
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Ans: B X@
Feedback: The level of significance is the level at which the researcher believes that the s
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
tudy results most likely represent a no chance event. A level of significance of <0.01 ind
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
icates that there is less than 1% probability that the result is due to chance.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
2. A nurse has read a qualitative research study in order to understand the lived exper
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ience of parents who have a neonatal loss. Which of the following questions should the nurs
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e prioritize when appraising the results of this study?
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A) How well did the authors capture the personal experiences of these parents?
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B) How well did the authors control for confounding variables that may have affected
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the findings?
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, 3
C) Did the authors use statistical measures that were appropriate to the phenomeno
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n in question?
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D) Were the instruments that the researchers used statistically valid and reliable?
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Ans: A X@
Feedback: Qualitative studies are judged on the basis of how well they capture and convey the
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
su bjective experiences of individuals. Statistical measures and variables are not dimensions of a
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
quali tative methodology.
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3. A nurse has expressed skepticism to a colleague about the value of nursing researc
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h, cla iming that nursing research has little relevance to practice. How can the nurses collea
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
gue best de fend the importance of nursing research?
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A) The existence of nursing research means that nurses are now able to access federal g
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rant money, something that didnt use to be the case.
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B) Nursing research has allowed the development of masters and doctoral programs and
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has greatly increased the credibility of the profession.
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C) The growth of nursing research has caused nursing to be viewed as a true profes
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sion, rather than simply as a trade or a skill.
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D) The application of nursing research has the potential to improve nursing practice
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and patient outcomes.
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, 4
Ans: D X@
Feedback: The greatest value of nursing research lies in the potential to improve practice an
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d, ulti mately, to improve patient outcomes. This supersedes the contributions of nursing resea
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rch to educ ation programs, grant funding, or the public view of the profession.
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4. Tracy is a nurse with a baccalaureate degree who works in the labor and delivery unit
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
of a busy urban hospital. She has noticed that many new mothers abandon breast-
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
feeding their babies when they experience early challenges and wonders what could be done to
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X
@e ncourage more women to continue breast-
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
feeding. What role is Tracy most likely to play in a research project that tests an interventi
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
on ai med at promoting breast-feeding?
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A) Applying for grant funding for the research project
2i X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
B) Posing the clinical problem to one or more nursing researchers
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C) Planning the methodology of the research project
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D) Carrying out the intervention and submitting the results for publication Ans: B
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Feedback: A major role for staff nurses is to identify questions or problems for research.
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Grant applications, methodological planning, and publication submission are normally carri
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ed out by nurses who have advanced degrees in nursing.
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5. A patient signed the informed consent form for a drug trial that was explained to pa
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ 2i X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
tient by a research assistant. Later, the patient admitted to his nurse that he did not under
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
stand the re search assistants explanation or his own role in the study. How should this p
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
atients nurse respo nd to this revelation?
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A) Explain the research process to the patient in greater detail.
2i X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
B) Describe the details of a randomized controlled trial for the patient.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
, 2
TEST BANK FOR X@ X@
PRIMARY CARE ART AND SCIENCE OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
– AN INTERPROFESSIONAL APPROACH 6TH EDITION DUNPHY
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
Chapter 1. Primary Care in the Twenty-First Century: A Circle of Caring
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
1. A nurse has conducted a literature review in an effort to identify the effect of hand
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
washi ng on the incidence of nosocomial (hospital-
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
acquired) infections in acute care settings. An article presented findings at a level of signific
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
ance of <0.01. This indicates that
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
A) The control group and the experimental group were more than 99% similar.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
B) The findings of the study have less than 1% chance of being attributable to chance.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
C) The effects of the intervention were nearly zero.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
D) The clinical significance of the findings was less than 1:100.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
Ans: B X@
Feedback: The level of significance is the level at which the researcher believes that the s
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
tudy results most likely represent a no chance event. A level of significance of <0.01 ind
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
icates that there is less than 1% probability that the result is due to chance.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
2. A nurse has read a qualitative research study in order to understand the lived exper
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
ience of parents who have a neonatal loss. Which of the following questions should the nurs
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ 2i X@ X@ X@
e prioritize when appraising the results of this study?
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
A) How well did the authors capture the personal experiences of these parents?
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
B) How well did the authors control for confounding variables that may have affected
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X
the findings?
@ X@
, 3
C) Did the authors use statistical measures that were appropriate to the phenomeno
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
n in question?
X@ X@
D) Were the instruments that the researchers used statistically valid and reliable?
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
Ans: A X@
Feedback: Qualitative studies are judged on the basis of how well they capture and convey the
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
su bjective experiences of individuals. Statistical measures and variables are not dimensions of a
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
quali tative methodology.
X@ X@
3. A nurse has expressed skepticism to a colleague about the value of nursing researc
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
h, cla iming that nursing research has little relevance to practice. How can the nurses collea
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
gue best de fend the importance of nursing research?
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
A) The existence of nursing research means that nurses are now able to access federal g
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
rant money, something that didnt use to be the case.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
B) Nursing research has allowed the development of masters and doctoral programs and
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
has greatly increased the credibility of the profession.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
C) The growth of nursing research has caused nursing to be viewed as a true profes
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
sion, rather than simply as a trade or a skill.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
D) The application of nursing research has the potential to improve nursing practice
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
and patient outcomes.
X@ X@
, 4
Ans: D X@
Feedback: The greatest value of nursing research lies in the potential to improve practice an
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
d, ulti mately, to improve patient outcomes. This supersedes the contributions of nursing resea
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
rch to educ ation programs, grant funding, or the public view of the profession.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
4. Tracy is a nurse with a baccalaureate degree who works in the labor and delivery unit
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
of a busy urban hospital. She has noticed that many new mothers abandon breast-
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
feeding their babies when they experience early challenges and wonders what could be done to
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X
@e ncourage more women to continue breast-
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
feeding. What role is Tracy most likely to play in a research project that tests an interventi
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
on ai med at promoting breast-feeding?
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
A) Applying for grant funding for the research project
2i X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
B) Posing the clinical problem to one or more nursing researchers
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
C) Planning the methodology of the research project
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
D) Carrying out the intervention and submitting the results for publication Ans: B
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
Feedback: A major role for staff nurses is to identify questions or problems for research.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
Grant applications, methodological planning, and publication submission are normally carri
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
ed out by nurses who have advanced degrees in nursing.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
5. A patient signed the informed consent form for a drug trial that was explained to pa
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ 2i X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
tient by a research assistant. Later, the patient admitted to his nurse that he did not under
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
stand the re search assistants explanation or his own role in the study. How should this p
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
atients nurse respo nd to this revelation?
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
A) Explain the research process to the patient in greater detail.
2i X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
B) Describe the details of a randomized controlled trial for the patient.
X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@ X@
