AHN 577 INFECTIOUS DISEASE PART 2
Latent TB prevention - Answer -Isoniazid x 9 months
Latent TB with positive TB skin test or IGRA - Answer -Rifampin daily x 4 months
Rifampin + Pyrazinamide combo use in latent TB - Answer -Contraindicated d/t risk for
severe liver injury or death
Active TB treatment during intensive phase - Answer -RIPE (Rifampin, Isoniazid,
Pyrazinimide, Ethambutol) x 8 weeks
Active TB treatment during continuation phase - Answer -Isoniazid and Rifampin x 18
weeks
TB patient infectious if.. - Answer -- Coughing
- Cavity in lung
- Sputum smears positive for AFB
- TB disease of lungs, airway, or larynx present
- Positive culture
TB patient no longer infectious if.. - Answer -- Symptoms improved AND
- 3 consecutive negative sputum smears AND
- Adhering to adequate treatment x 2 weeks
How do you test for HIV infection? - Answer --- ELISA - initial screening; 99.9%
sensitive
-- Western blot - > 99.99% sensitive and specific
Routine labs for treatment of HIV/AIDS - Answer --- CD4 count - best indicator of
immune fx; guides therapy
-- HIV RNA - amt of actively replicating viruses; best indicator for diagnosing acute HIV
infections; tells about disease progression
-- CBC - detect pancytopenia
-- CMP - assess renal/hepatic function
-- Pregnancy test - prior to ARTs
-- UA to detect early nephropathy
-- Hgb A1c to assess for glucose intolerance
Typical initial regimen for HIV - Answer -1 integrase inhibitor (or PI) + 2 NRTIs
NRTI examples - Answer -Tenofovir, Emtricitabine, Abacavir, Lamivudine
Common s/e of NRTIs - Answer -- Hepatitis
- Neutropenia
, - AKI
- Anemia
- Rash
- Peripheral neuropathy
- GI upset
NNRTI examples - Answer -Efavirenz, Nevirapine
Common s/e of NNRTIs - Answer -- Rash
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Depression
Protease inhibitor examples - Answer -Darunavir, Cobistat
Common s/e of PIs - Answer -- Hyperbilirubinemia
- Rash
- GI upset
Entry inhibitor examples - Answer -Maraviroc, Enfuviritide
Common s/e of entry inhibitors - Answer -- Cough
- Fever
- Rash
Integrase inhibitor examples - Answer -Raltegravir, Elvitegravir
Common s/e of integrase inhibitors - Answer -- Rash
- Headache
- GI upset
How often should CD4/viral loads be monitored? - Answer -1-2 months post
initiation/change, then every 3-4 months after
With compliance, viral loads should be undetectable within ____ weeks - Answer -24
Main etiology of AIDS related weight loss - Answer -Nausea
Treatment of AIDS related weight loss - Answer -- ART
- Antipyretics
- Antiemetics
- Megace
- Medicinal marijuana
- Supplements
- TPN as last resort
CXR findings with PCP pneumonia - Answer -Diffuse infiltrates
Latent TB prevention - Answer -Isoniazid x 9 months
Latent TB with positive TB skin test or IGRA - Answer -Rifampin daily x 4 months
Rifampin + Pyrazinamide combo use in latent TB - Answer -Contraindicated d/t risk for
severe liver injury or death
Active TB treatment during intensive phase - Answer -RIPE (Rifampin, Isoniazid,
Pyrazinimide, Ethambutol) x 8 weeks
Active TB treatment during continuation phase - Answer -Isoniazid and Rifampin x 18
weeks
TB patient infectious if.. - Answer -- Coughing
- Cavity in lung
- Sputum smears positive for AFB
- TB disease of lungs, airway, or larynx present
- Positive culture
TB patient no longer infectious if.. - Answer -- Symptoms improved AND
- 3 consecutive negative sputum smears AND
- Adhering to adequate treatment x 2 weeks
How do you test for HIV infection? - Answer --- ELISA - initial screening; 99.9%
sensitive
-- Western blot - > 99.99% sensitive and specific
Routine labs for treatment of HIV/AIDS - Answer --- CD4 count - best indicator of
immune fx; guides therapy
-- HIV RNA - amt of actively replicating viruses; best indicator for diagnosing acute HIV
infections; tells about disease progression
-- CBC - detect pancytopenia
-- CMP - assess renal/hepatic function
-- Pregnancy test - prior to ARTs
-- UA to detect early nephropathy
-- Hgb A1c to assess for glucose intolerance
Typical initial regimen for HIV - Answer -1 integrase inhibitor (or PI) + 2 NRTIs
NRTI examples - Answer -Tenofovir, Emtricitabine, Abacavir, Lamivudine
Common s/e of NRTIs - Answer -- Hepatitis
- Neutropenia
, - AKI
- Anemia
- Rash
- Peripheral neuropathy
- GI upset
NNRTI examples - Answer -Efavirenz, Nevirapine
Common s/e of NNRTIs - Answer -- Rash
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Depression
Protease inhibitor examples - Answer -Darunavir, Cobistat
Common s/e of PIs - Answer -- Hyperbilirubinemia
- Rash
- GI upset
Entry inhibitor examples - Answer -Maraviroc, Enfuviritide
Common s/e of entry inhibitors - Answer -- Cough
- Fever
- Rash
Integrase inhibitor examples - Answer -Raltegravir, Elvitegravir
Common s/e of integrase inhibitors - Answer -- Rash
- Headache
- GI upset
How often should CD4/viral loads be monitored? - Answer -1-2 months post
initiation/change, then every 3-4 months after
With compliance, viral loads should be undetectable within ____ weeks - Answer -24
Main etiology of AIDS related weight loss - Answer -Nausea
Treatment of AIDS related weight loss - Answer -- ART
- Antipyretics
- Antiemetics
- Megace
- Medicinal marijuana
- Supplements
- TPN as last resort
CXR findings with PCP pneumonia - Answer -Diffuse infiltrates
