Exam 1 Review for Principles of Nutrition
NUFD 501 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Transmembrane proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - Integral proteins spanning the cell
membrane.
Sodium potassium pump - CORRECT ANSWER - Active transporter maintaining sodium
and potassium balance.
GLUT4 - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucose transporter activated by insulin.
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - Cellular energy production site with double
membrane.
Electron transport chain - CORRECT ANSWER - Site in mitochondria producing ATP.
TCA cycle - CORRECT ANSWER - Occurs in mitochondrial matrix, generating energy.
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA copied into mRNA in the nucleus.
Translation - CORRECT ANSWER - mRNA read at ribosomes to synthesize proteins.
Epigenetics - CORRECT ANSWER - Environmental changes affecting gene expression
without DNA alteration.
Rough ER - CORRECT ANSWER - Site of protein synthesis and translation.
, Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - Cell's digestive organelles containing hydrolases.
Peroxisomes - CORRECT ANSWER - Organelles for oxidative catabolic reactions.
Salivary amylase - CORRECT ANSWER - Enzyme in saliva that breaks down starch.
Medulla - CORRECT ANSWER - Brain region regulating swallowing.
GERD - CORRECT ANSWER - Digestive disorder with stomach acid reflux.
Cardia - CORRECT ANSWER - Stomach part connected to the esophagus.
Pyloric antrum - CORRECT ANSWER - Stomach region for strong gastric emptying.
HCl - CORRECT ANSWER - Gastric acid converting pepsinogen to pepsin.
Gastric juice enzymes - CORRECT ANSWER - Includes pepsin, amylase, and lipase.
Intrinsic factor - CORRECT ANSWER - Protein essential for vitamin B12 absorption.
Peptic ulcer disease - CORRECT ANSWER - Ulcers in stomach or duodenum mucosa.
Diet quality assessment - CORRECT ANSWER - Evaluated using self-reported dietary
data.
hPDI - CORRECT ANSWER - High healthful plant-based diet index linked to lower
COVID-19 risk.
NUFD 501 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Transmembrane proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - Integral proteins spanning the cell
membrane.
Sodium potassium pump - CORRECT ANSWER - Active transporter maintaining sodium
and potassium balance.
GLUT4 - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucose transporter activated by insulin.
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - Cellular energy production site with double
membrane.
Electron transport chain - CORRECT ANSWER - Site in mitochondria producing ATP.
TCA cycle - CORRECT ANSWER - Occurs in mitochondrial matrix, generating energy.
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA copied into mRNA in the nucleus.
Translation - CORRECT ANSWER - mRNA read at ribosomes to synthesize proteins.
Epigenetics - CORRECT ANSWER - Environmental changes affecting gene expression
without DNA alteration.
Rough ER - CORRECT ANSWER - Site of protein synthesis and translation.
, Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - Cell's digestive organelles containing hydrolases.
Peroxisomes - CORRECT ANSWER - Organelles for oxidative catabolic reactions.
Salivary amylase - CORRECT ANSWER - Enzyme in saliva that breaks down starch.
Medulla - CORRECT ANSWER - Brain region regulating swallowing.
GERD - CORRECT ANSWER - Digestive disorder with stomach acid reflux.
Cardia - CORRECT ANSWER - Stomach part connected to the esophagus.
Pyloric antrum - CORRECT ANSWER - Stomach region for strong gastric emptying.
HCl - CORRECT ANSWER - Gastric acid converting pepsinogen to pepsin.
Gastric juice enzymes - CORRECT ANSWER - Includes pepsin, amylase, and lipase.
Intrinsic factor - CORRECT ANSWER - Protein essential for vitamin B12 absorption.
Peptic ulcer disease - CORRECT ANSWER - Ulcers in stomach or duodenum mucosa.
Diet quality assessment - CORRECT ANSWER - Evaluated using self-reported dietary
data.
hPDI - CORRECT ANSWER - High healthful plant-based diet index linked to lower
COVID-19 risk.
