2024\2025 A+ Grade
True or False: During a left heart biopsy you should give heparin.
- correct answer Yes, 5000IU to avoid thrombi going to the brain
What is the maximum annual Radiation exposure?
- correct answer 5 REM
What is the therapeutic INR range for someone on warfarin/coumadin?
- correct answer 2.0-3.0
What is a normal INR for someone not on coumadin/warfarin?
- correct answer INR 0.6-1.2
When using FFR, what drug is given and how is it delivered?
- correct answer Adenosine causes hyperemia (Increased blood flow to the tissues.
Can be delivered by either IV or IC
What are the pros and cons of a mechanical aortic valve?
- correct answer Pros: last longer
Cons: Prone to thrombus formation
Why would you use Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CTR) pacing device (such as biventricular
pacing)? How many leads does it use? Where are they placed?
- correct answer uses 2-3 leads
placed through a vein in the RA, RV and into coronal sinus vein to pace the LV
A CRT device sends small electrical impulses to both lower chambers of the heart to help them beat
together in a more synchronized pattern.
,What are the angioplasty guidewire calibers?
- correct answer 0.014-0.018 inch
When can you detect Myoglobin after an MI?
- correct answer * 2-4 hours after symptom onset * normal in 24-36 hours
What is the diameter of the standard J wire?
- correct answer 0.035
What is the Warfarin ( Coumadin) antagonist?
- correct answer vitamin K
When shooting a LIMA, the cuff should be?
- correct answer Isolateral (same side as LIMA) left arm
What is the usual time for restenosis to occur?
- correct answer within 6 months
What size is the red sheath?
- correct answer *4F-red
What size is the grey sheath?
- correct answer 5F-grey
What size is the green sheath?
- correct answer 6F- green
What size is the orange sheath?
- correct answer 7F-orange
What size is the blue sheath?
- correct answer 8F-blue
, What size is black sheath?
- correct answer 9F-black
What is the name of the self expanding stent used in the carotid arteries, SVG, Iliac and femoral vessels?
- correct answer Wall stent
Where can a wall stent be used?
- correct answer carotid arteries, SVG, Iliac and femoral vessels
What is the loading dose of aspirin in a patient with ischemia/chest pain?
- correct answer 162-325 mg
Should you increase or decrease burr speed when you increase from a 1.25-2.15 burr?
- correct answer decrease
Where does the apex point in a RAO view?
- correct answer * RAO=apex points to the right
Where does the apex point in a LAO view?
- correct answer *LAO= apex points to the left
What medication do you give when doing FFR? How does it measure?
- correct answer adenosine
Measure by hyperemic effect (max dilation of vessels)
What medication should you give before using IVUS to avoid spasm?
- correct answer Always give 200 nitro before using IVUS to avoid spasm.
What is the proper placement of an IABP?
- correct answer 1-2cm distal to left subclavian and promixal to the renals.
Where do we stick for neck access for right heart?
- correct answer Right internal jugular vein