NSG 6330 Final Study Guide Exam Questions
With Complete Solutions
How |is |HIV |transmitted |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Vertical |transmission |from |a |mother |to |her |
baby, |blood |transfusion, |or |exchange |of |any |blood |products
Question |: |
HIV |risk |factors |are |all |of |these |except:
Unprotected |sex |or |trauma |with |sexual |activity |or |multiple |partners |
IV |drug |use, |including |shared |syringes |
Exchange |of |saliva |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Exchange |of |saliva
Whether |you |order |diagnostic |testing |or |refer |the |patient |to |an |HIV-specific |facility, |laboratory |
confirmation |for |documentation |for |appropriate |care |rendered.
The |test |confirming |HIV |infection |is |_____________.
HIV-1/2 |Ag/Ab |combination |immunoassay |
|
enzyme-linked |immunosorbent |HIV |RNA |
|
CD4+ |lymphocyte |count |
|
quantitative |plasma |HIV |RNA |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-HIV-1/2 |Ag/Ab |combination |
immunoassay
,Treatment, |although |not |curative, |is |critical |for |the |best |outcome |possible. |One |important |
principle |of |antiretroviral |therapy |is:
Therapy |should |be |started |when |symptoms |first |appear. |
Monotherapy |is |recommended. |
Response |to |drug |therapy |is |monitored |by |HIV |RNA |levels. |
Response |to |drug |therapy |is |monitored |with |CD4+ |counts. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Response |
to |drug |therapy |is |monitored |by |HIV |RNA |levels.
The |HIV |is |positive, |and |the |chest |X-ray |reflects |bilateral |infiltrates. |The |radiologist |telephones |
you |with |a |diagnosis |of |pneumonia. |Further |evaluation |and |report |are |sent |to |you |with |a |
diagnosis |of |pneumocystis |pneumonia. |What |stage |is |this |HIV |presentation?
|
Acute |HIV |infection |
Early-stage |infection |
AIDS |
Symptomatic |but |likely |to |begin |a |latency |period |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-AIDS
Women |often |tend |to |reschedule |a |well-woman |visit, |but |they |don't |do |so |often |with |a |
problem |such |as |pelvic |pain. |This |symptom |can |present |as |an |acute, |or |chronic, |insult. |When |a
|woman |presents |with |pelvic |pain, |the |term |can |encompass |many |possibilities. |Differentiating |
acute |from |chronic |assists |with |narrowing |down |the |possibilities |but |nonetheless |can |originate
|from |more |than |one |system |as |a |referred |pain |or |discomfort. |The |focus |here |will |be |of |
reproductive/pelvic |origin.
As |you |know, |the |most |common |cause |of |pelvic |pain |can |be |noted |as |endometriosis. |But |you |
also |know |that |the |most |acute |causes |of |pelvic |pain |are |probably:
|
|
Salpingo-oophoritis |(fallopian |tube/ovary) |secondary |to |PID |
,Gynecologic |malignancy |
Adhesions |
Myomata |uteri |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Salpingo-oophoritis |(fallopian |tube/ovary)
A |twenty-five-year-old |presents |with |a |report |of |a |very |tender |area |just |near |her |introitus |and |
to |the |left |of |her |perineum. |Very |painful |sex |is |how |she |knew |"something |wasn't |right." |She |
showered |and |when |washing, |she |felt |a |"pea-sized" |painful |lump |on |the |left |side |of |her
|"bottom." |She |tells |you |she |looked |at |it |with |a |mirror |and |it |was |very |small, |but |now |it |is |the |
size |of |a |ping-pong |ball |and |getting |worse.
|When |you |inspect |her |external |genitalia, |you |are |amazed |at |the |size |and |appearance |of |the
|"lump."
|You |note |what |appears |to |be |an |abscess |on |the |left |medial |side |of |the |labia |minora, |and |
there |is |some |edema |extending |into |the |perineum. |Your |diagnosis |for |this |presentation |is:
Lipoma |
Dermoid |cyst |
Bartholin's |cyst |
Skene's |duct |cyst |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Bartholin's |cyst
Bartholin's |Cyst |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-If |a |Bartholin |duct |gets |blocked, |fluid |builds |up |in |the
|gland. |The |blocked |gland |is |called |a |Bartholin |gland |cyst
You |explain |to |this |young |woman |what |this |"lump" |is |and |let |her |know |you |will |be |referring |
her |to |a |gynecologist |you |consult |with |regularly. |You |explain |to |her |the |likely |treatment |as |
follows:
She |will |need |to |take |sitz |baths |three |times |per |day |and |a |broad-spectrum |antibiotic. |
|
This |is |likely |a |fatty |tumor |and |will |need |to |be |surgically |removed. |
, A |possible |incision |might |be |necessary |and |a |catheter |placed |for |two |to |four |weeks |to |allow |
for |drainage |and |appropriate |healing. |
This |is |a |folliculitis |that |has |become |infected |and |needs |a |needle |aspiration |and |broad-
spectrum |antibiotic |treatment. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |possible |incision |might |be |necessary
|and |a |catheter |placed |for |two |to |four |weeks |to |allow |for |drainage |and |appropriate |healing.
You |are |at |the |office |and |a |thirty-year-old |woman |presents |with |an |abrupt |onset |of |pain |when
|attempting |to |urinate. |She |is |also |complaining |of |frequency |and |urgency |and |thinks |she |may |
have |seen |some |blood |as |well.You |take |her |history |and |she |tells |you |she |had |sex |three |days |
ago |with |her |long-term |significant |other, |but |she |realized |she |left |her |diaphragm |in |until |today
|when |these |symptoms |occurred.
|Her |BP |is |unremarkable, |pulse |is |90, |temperature |is |99, |no |costovertebral |angle |tenderness |
(CVAT), |and |is |experiencing |slight |suprapubic |discomfort. |You |review |her |urine |dip |and |you |
note |2+ |blood, |+nitrates, |+leukocyte |esterase. |You |send |the |urine |for |a |microscopic |and |
culture |and |sensitivity |but |your |management |plan |is:
Pending |the |culture |and |sensitivities, |you |will |treat |accordingly. |
Advise |her |to |drink |cranberry |juice |and |you |will |give |her |a |pain |medication. |
Provide |broad |spectrum |antibiotic |while |waiting |for |cul |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Provide |broad
|spectrum |antibiotic |while |waiting |for |culture |and |sensitivity |lab |to |return |for |specific |microbe.
The |diagnosis |of |stress |incontinence |can |be |confirmed |by |__________.
your |suspected |etiology |
|
the |woman's |symptom |history |to |date |
With Complete Solutions
How |is |HIV |transmitted |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Vertical |transmission |from |a |mother |to |her |
baby, |blood |transfusion, |or |exchange |of |any |blood |products
Question |: |
HIV |risk |factors |are |all |of |these |except:
Unprotected |sex |or |trauma |with |sexual |activity |or |multiple |partners |
IV |drug |use, |including |shared |syringes |
Exchange |of |saliva |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Exchange |of |saliva
Whether |you |order |diagnostic |testing |or |refer |the |patient |to |an |HIV-specific |facility, |laboratory |
confirmation |for |documentation |for |appropriate |care |rendered.
The |test |confirming |HIV |infection |is |_____________.
HIV-1/2 |Ag/Ab |combination |immunoassay |
|
enzyme-linked |immunosorbent |HIV |RNA |
|
CD4+ |lymphocyte |count |
|
quantitative |plasma |HIV |RNA |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-HIV-1/2 |Ag/Ab |combination |
immunoassay
,Treatment, |although |not |curative, |is |critical |for |the |best |outcome |possible. |One |important |
principle |of |antiretroviral |therapy |is:
Therapy |should |be |started |when |symptoms |first |appear. |
Monotherapy |is |recommended. |
Response |to |drug |therapy |is |monitored |by |HIV |RNA |levels. |
Response |to |drug |therapy |is |monitored |with |CD4+ |counts. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Response |
to |drug |therapy |is |monitored |by |HIV |RNA |levels.
The |HIV |is |positive, |and |the |chest |X-ray |reflects |bilateral |infiltrates. |The |radiologist |telephones |
you |with |a |diagnosis |of |pneumonia. |Further |evaluation |and |report |are |sent |to |you |with |a |
diagnosis |of |pneumocystis |pneumonia. |What |stage |is |this |HIV |presentation?
|
Acute |HIV |infection |
Early-stage |infection |
AIDS |
Symptomatic |but |likely |to |begin |a |latency |period |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-AIDS
Women |often |tend |to |reschedule |a |well-woman |visit, |but |they |don't |do |so |often |with |a |
problem |such |as |pelvic |pain. |This |symptom |can |present |as |an |acute, |or |chronic, |insult. |When |a
|woman |presents |with |pelvic |pain, |the |term |can |encompass |many |possibilities. |Differentiating |
acute |from |chronic |assists |with |narrowing |down |the |possibilities |but |nonetheless |can |originate
|from |more |than |one |system |as |a |referred |pain |or |discomfort. |The |focus |here |will |be |of |
reproductive/pelvic |origin.
As |you |know, |the |most |common |cause |of |pelvic |pain |can |be |noted |as |endometriosis. |But |you |
also |know |that |the |most |acute |causes |of |pelvic |pain |are |probably:
|
|
Salpingo-oophoritis |(fallopian |tube/ovary) |secondary |to |PID |
,Gynecologic |malignancy |
Adhesions |
Myomata |uteri |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Salpingo-oophoritis |(fallopian |tube/ovary)
A |twenty-five-year-old |presents |with |a |report |of |a |very |tender |area |just |near |her |introitus |and |
to |the |left |of |her |perineum. |Very |painful |sex |is |how |she |knew |"something |wasn't |right." |She |
showered |and |when |washing, |she |felt |a |"pea-sized" |painful |lump |on |the |left |side |of |her
|"bottom." |She |tells |you |she |looked |at |it |with |a |mirror |and |it |was |very |small, |but |now |it |is |the |
size |of |a |ping-pong |ball |and |getting |worse.
|When |you |inspect |her |external |genitalia, |you |are |amazed |at |the |size |and |appearance |of |the
|"lump."
|You |note |what |appears |to |be |an |abscess |on |the |left |medial |side |of |the |labia |minora, |and |
there |is |some |edema |extending |into |the |perineum. |Your |diagnosis |for |this |presentation |is:
Lipoma |
Dermoid |cyst |
Bartholin's |cyst |
Skene's |duct |cyst |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Bartholin's |cyst
Bartholin's |Cyst |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-If |a |Bartholin |duct |gets |blocked, |fluid |builds |up |in |the
|gland. |The |blocked |gland |is |called |a |Bartholin |gland |cyst
You |explain |to |this |young |woman |what |this |"lump" |is |and |let |her |know |you |will |be |referring |
her |to |a |gynecologist |you |consult |with |regularly. |You |explain |to |her |the |likely |treatment |as |
follows:
She |will |need |to |take |sitz |baths |three |times |per |day |and |a |broad-spectrum |antibiotic. |
|
This |is |likely |a |fatty |tumor |and |will |need |to |be |surgically |removed. |
, A |possible |incision |might |be |necessary |and |a |catheter |placed |for |two |to |four |weeks |to |allow |
for |drainage |and |appropriate |healing. |
This |is |a |folliculitis |that |has |become |infected |and |needs |a |needle |aspiration |and |broad-
spectrum |antibiotic |treatment. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |possible |incision |might |be |necessary
|and |a |catheter |placed |for |two |to |four |weeks |to |allow |for |drainage |and |appropriate |healing.
You |are |at |the |office |and |a |thirty-year-old |woman |presents |with |an |abrupt |onset |of |pain |when
|attempting |to |urinate. |She |is |also |complaining |of |frequency |and |urgency |and |thinks |she |may |
have |seen |some |blood |as |well.You |take |her |history |and |she |tells |you |she |had |sex |three |days |
ago |with |her |long-term |significant |other, |but |she |realized |she |left |her |diaphragm |in |until |today
|when |these |symptoms |occurred.
|Her |BP |is |unremarkable, |pulse |is |90, |temperature |is |99, |no |costovertebral |angle |tenderness |
(CVAT), |and |is |experiencing |slight |suprapubic |discomfort. |You |review |her |urine |dip |and |you |
note |2+ |blood, |+nitrates, |+leukocyte |esterase. |You |send |the |urine |for |a |microscopic |and |
culture |and |sensitivity |but |your |management |plan |is:
Pending |the |culture |and |sensitivities, |you |will |treat |accordingly. |
Advise |her |to |drink |cranberry |juice |and |you |will |give |her |a |pain |medication. |
Provide |broad |spectrum |antibiotic |while |waiting |for |cul |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Provide |broad
|spectrum |antibiotic |while |waiting |for |culture |and |sensitivity |lab |to |return |for |specific |microbe.
The |diagnosis |of |stress |incontinence |can |be |confirmed |by |__________.
your |suspected |etiology |
|
the |woman's |symptom |history |to |date |
