Chapter 1: Nursing Leadership and Management
d d d d d
MULTIPLE CHOICE
d d
1. According to Henri Fayol, the functions of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling
d d d d d d d d d d d
dare considered which aspect of management?
d d d d d
, a. Roles
b. Process
c. Functions
d. Taxonomy
ANS: dB, dThe dmanagement dprocess dincludes dplanning, dorganizing, dcoordinating, dand dcontrolling. dManagement droles dinclude
dinformation dprocessing, dinterpersonal drelationships, dand ddecision dmaking. dManagement dfunctions dinclude dplanning,
dorganizing, dstaffing, ddirecting, dcoordinating, dreporting, dand dbudgeting. dA dtaxonomy dis da dsystem dthat dorders dprinciples dinto da
dgrouping dor d classification.
2. Which of the following is considered a decisional managerial role?
d d d d d d d d d
a. Disseminator
b. Figurehead
c. Leader
d. Entrepreneur
ANS: dD, dThe ddecisional dmanagerial droles dinclude dentrepreneur, ddisturbance dhandler, dallocator dof dresources, dand dnegotiator.
dThe d information d processing d managerial d roles d include d monitor, d disseminator, d and dspokesperson. d The
d interpersonal dmanagerial droles dinclude dfigurehead, dleader, dand dliaison.
3. A nurse manager meets regularly with other nurse managers, participates on the
d d d d d d d d d d d
dorganizations committees, and attends meetings sponsored by professional organizations in
d d d d d d d d d
dorder to manage relationships. These activities are considered which function of a
d d d d d d d d d d d
dmanager?
a. Informing
b. Problem solving d
c. Monitoring
d. Networking
ANS: dD, dThe drole dfunctions dto dmanage drelationships dare dnetworking, dsupporting, ddeveloping dand dmentoring, dmanaging
d conflict d and d team d building, d motivating d and d inspiring, d recognizing, d and d rewarding. d The d role d functions d to d manage
d the d work dare dplanning dand dorganizing, dproblem dsolving, dclarifying droles dand dobjectives, dinforming, dmonitoring,
dconsulting, dand ddelegating.
4. A nurse was recently promoted to a middle-level manager position. The nurses title
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dwould most likely be which of the following?
d d d d d d d
a. First-line manager d
b. Director
c. Vice president of patient care services
d d d d d
d. Chief nurse executive d d
ANS: dB, d A dmiddle-level d manager d is dcalled da ddirector. d A dlow dmanagerial- dlevel d job dis dcalled dthe dfirst-line dmanager. d A
dnurse din dan d executive d level d role d is d called d a d chief dnurse d executive d or d vice d president d of dpatient d care d services.
5. A nurse manager who uses Frederick Taylors scientific management approach, would most likely
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dfocus on which of the following?
d d d d d
, a. General principles d
b. Positional authority d
c. Labor productivity
d
d. Impersonal relations d
ANS: dC, dThe darea dof dfocus dfor dscientific dmanagement dis dlabor dproductivity. dIn dbureaucratic dtheory, defficiency dis dachieved
dthrough dimpersonal drelations dwithin da dformal dstructure dand dis dbased don dpositional dauthority. d Administrative dprinciple dtheory
dconsists dof dprinciples dof dmanagement dthat dare drelevant dto dany dorganization.
6. According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, force:
d d d d d d
a. is the perceived possibility that the goal will be achieved.
d d d d d d d d d
b. describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal.
d d d d d d d d d d d
c. describes people who have free will but choose to comply with orders they are given.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
d. is a naturally forming social group that can become a contributor to an organization.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
ANS: d B, d According dto dVrooms d Theory dof d Motivation, d Force d describes d the d amount d of d effort d one d will d exert d to d reach
d ones dgoal. dValence dspeaks dto dthe dlevel dof dattractiveness dor dunattractiveness dof dthe dgoal. d Expectancy dis dthe dperceived
dpossibility dthat dthe dgoal d will dbe dachieved. dVrooms dTheory dof dMotivation dcan dbe ddemonstrated din dthe dform dof dan dequation:
dForce d= d Valence d Expectancy d (Vroom, d1964). dThe dtheory dproposes d that dthis dequation dcan dhelp dto dpredict dthe dmotivation,
dor d force, d of dan dindividual das ddescribed dby dVroom.
7. According to R. N. Lussier, motivation:
d d d d d
a. is unconsciously demonstrated by people.
d d d d
b. occurs externally to influence behavior.
d d d d
c. is determined by others choices.
d d d d
d. occurs internally to influence behavior.
d d d d
ANS: dD, dMotivation dis da dprocess dthat doccurs dinternally dto dinfluence dand ddirect dour dbehavior din dorder dto dsatisfy dneeds.
dMotivation dis dnot dexplicitly ddemonstrated dby dpeople, dbut drather dit dis dinterpreted dfrom dtheir dbehavior. dMotivation dis
dwhatever d influences d our dchoices dand dcreates ddirection, dintensity, dand dpersistence din dour dbehavior.
8. According to R. N. Lussier, there are content motivation theories and process motivation
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dtheories. Which of the following is considered a process motivation theory?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. Equity theory d
b. Hierarchy of needs theory d d d
c. Existence-relatedness-growth theory d
d. Hygiene maintenance and motivation factors
d d d d
ANS: dA, dThe dprocess dmotivation dtheories dare dequity dtheory dand dexpectancy dtheory. dThe dcontent dmotivation dtheories dinclude
dMaslows dhierarchy dof dneeds dtheory, d Aldefers dexistence- drelatedness-growth d(ERG) dtheory, dand dHerzbergs dhygiene
dmaintenance dfactors dand dmotivation dfactors.
9. The theory that includes maintenance and motivation factors is:
d d d d d d d d
a. Maslows hierarchy of needs. d d d
b. Herzbergs two-factor theory. d d
c. McGregors theory X and theory Y. d d d d d
d. Ouchis theory Z. d d
, ANS: dB, d The dtwo-factor d theory dof dmotivation d includes dmotivation d and dmaintenance d factors. dMaslows dhierarchy dof dneeds
dincludes dthe dfollowing dneeds: dphysiological, dsafety, dsecurity, dbelonging, dand dself-actualization. dIn dtheory dX, demployees
dprefer dsecurity, d direction, d and d minimal d responsibility. d In d theory d Y, d employees d enjoy d their d work, d show d self-control
d and d discipline, dare d able d to d contribute d creatively, d and dare d motivated dby dties d to dthe d group, d organization, d and dthe dwork
ditself. dThe d focus d of dtheory dZ dis dcollective d decision d making d and dlong-term demployment dthat d involves d slower d promotions
dand dless ddirect d supervision.
10. A nurse is appointed to a leadership position in the local hospital. The nurses position would be
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
considered which of the following?
n n n n n
a. Informal leadership n
b. Formal leadership n
c. Leadership
d. Management
ANS: d nB, d nFormalnleadershipnisnbasednonnoccupyingnanpositionninnannorganization. d nInformal d nleadershipnisnshownnbynan
nindividual nwhondemonstratesnleadershipnoutsidenthenscopenofnanformal nleadershipnrolenornas d na d nmember nofnangroup.
d nLeadership
nisdnadnprocessnof ninfluence dnwherebynthenleader ninfluencesnothersntoward dngoal dnachievement. dnManagementnisnanprocessnto
nachievenorganizational goals.
11. A nursing instructor is evaluating whether the nursing students understand the three
d d d d d d d d d d d
dfundamental qualities that leaders share. According to Bennis and Nanus, the
d d d d d d d d d d
dfundamental qualities of effective leaders are:
d d d d d
a. guided vision, passion, and integrity.
d d d d
b. knowledge of self, honesty, and maturity. d d d d d
c. intelligence, self-confidence, and determination.
d d d
d. honesty, self-awareness, and sociability.
d d d
ANS: dABennis dand d Nanus dlist d guided dvision, dpassion, d and dintegrity das d fundamental d qualities d of d effective dleaders.
d Knowledge dof d self, d honesty d and d maturity; d intelligence, d self-confidence d and d determination; d self-awareness d and
d sociability d are d all ddesirable d traits din dleaders das dwell das din dothers.
12. The six traits identified by Kirkpatrick and Locke that separate leaders from non-leaders were:
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. respectability, trustworthiness, flexibility, self-confidence, intelligence, sociability.
d d d d d
b. self-confidence, progression of experiences, influence of others, personal life factors, honesty,
d d d d d d d d d d
drive. d
c. intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, sociability, honesty.
d d d d d
d. drive, desire to lead, honesty, self-confidence, cognitive ability, knowledge of business.
d d d d d d d d d d
ANS: dD, dResearch dby dKirkpatrick dand dLocke dconcluded dthat dleaders dpossess dsix dtraits: ddrive, ddesire dto dlead, dhonesty, dself-
d confidence, dcognitive dability, d and dknowledge dof dthe dbusiness. dWoods didentified dfive ddominant dfactors dthat dinfluenced
dleadership ddevelopment: dself-confidence, dinnate dqualities, dprogression dof dexperience, dinfluence dof dsignificant dothers, dand
dpersonal dlife dfactors. dStogdill didentified dthe dfollowing dtraits dof da dleader: dintelligence, dself- dconfidence, ddetermination,
dintegrity, dand dsociability. dMurphy dand dDeBack didentified dthe dfollowing dleader dcharacteristics: dcaring, drespectability,
dtrustworthiness, dand dflexibility.
13. A nurse manager who uses a leadership style that is participatory and where
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dauthority is delegated to others is most likely using which of the following
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dleadership styles? d
a. Autocratic
b. Democratic
c. Laissez-faire
d d d d d
MULTIPLE CHOICE
d d
1. According to Henri Fayol, the functions of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling
d d d d d d d d d d d
dare considered which aspect of management?
d d d d d
, a. Roles
b. Process
c. Functions
d. Taxonomy
ANS: dB, dThe dmanagement dprocess dincludes dplanning, dorganizing, dcoordinating, dand dcontrolling. dManagement droles dinclude
dinformation dprocessing, dinterpersonal drelationships, dand ddecision dmaking. dManagement dfunctions dinclude dplanning,
dorganizing, dstaffing, ddirecting, dcoordinating, dreporting, dand dbudgeting. dA dtaxonomy dis da dsystem dthat dorders dprinciples dinto da
dgrouping dor d classification.
2. Which of the following is considered a decisional managerial role?
d d d d d d d d d
a. Disseminator
b. Figurehead
c. Leader
d. Entrepreneur
ANS: dD, dThe ddecisional dmanagerial droles dinclude dentrepreneur, ddisturbance dhandler, dallocator dof dresources, dand dnegotiator.
dThe d information d processing d managerial d roles d include d monitor, d disseminator, d and dspokesperson. d The
d interpersonal dmanagerial droles dinclude dfigurehead, dleader, dand dliaison.
3. A nurse manager meets regularly with other nurse managers, participates on the
d d d d d d d d d d d
dorganizations committees, and attends meetings sponsored by professional organizations in
d d d d d d d d d
dorder to manage relationships. These activities are considered which function of a
d d d d d d d d d d d
dmanager?
a. Informing
b. Problem solving d
c. Monitoring
d. Networking
ANS: dD, dThe drole dfunctions dto dmanage drelationships dare dnetworking, dsupporting, ddeveloping dand dmentoring, dmanaging
d conflict d and d team d building, d motivating d and d inspiring, d recognizing, d and d rewarding. d The d role d functions d to d manage
d the d work dare dplanning dand dorganizing, dproblem dsolving, dclarifying droles dand dobjectives, dinforming, dmonitoring,
dconsulting, dand ddelegating.
4. A nurse was recently promoted to a middle-level manager position. The nurses title
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dwould most likely be which of the following?
d d d d d d d
a. First-line manager d
b. Director
c. Vice president of patient care services
d d d d d
d. Chief nurse executive d d
ANS: dB, d A dmiddle-level d manager d is dcalled da ddirector. d A dlow dmanagerial- dlevel d job dis dcalled dthe dfirst-line dmanager. d A
dnurse din dan d executive d level d role d is d called d a d chief dnurse d executive d or d vice d president d of dpatient d care d services.
5. A nurse manager who uses Frederick Taylors scientific management approach, would most likely
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dfocus on which of the following?
d d d d d
, a. General principles d
b. Positional authority d
c. Labor productivity
d
d. Impersonal relations d
ANS: dC, dThe darea dof dfocus dfor dscientific dmanagement dis dlabor dproductivity. dIn dbureaucratic dtheory, defficiency dis dachieved
dthrough dimpersonal drelations dwithin da dformal dstructure dand dis dbased don dpositional dauthority. d Administrative dprinciple dtheory
dconsists dof dprinciples dof dmanagement dthat dare drelevant dto dany dorganization.
6. According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, force:
d d d d d d
a. is the perceived possibility that the goal will be achieved.
d d d d d d d d d
b. describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal.
d d d d d d d d d d d
c. describes people who have free will but choose to comply with orders they are given.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
d. is a naturally forming social group that can become a contributor to an organization.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
ANS: d B, d According dto dVrooms d Theory dof d Motivation, d Force d describes d the d amount d of d effort d one d will d exert d to d reach
d ones dgoal. dValence dspeaks dto dthe dlevel dof dattractiveness dor dunattractiveness dof dthe dgoal. d Expectancy dis dthe dperceived
dpossibility dthat dthe dgoal d will dbe dachieved. dVrooms dTheory dof dMotivation dcan dbe ddemonstrated din dthe dform dof dan dequation:
dForce d= d Valence d Expectancy d (Vroom, d1964). dThe dtheory dproposes d that dthis dequation dcan dhelp dto dpredict dthe dmotivation,
dor d force, d of dan dindividual das ddescribed dby dVroom.
7. According to R. N. Lussier, motivation:
d d d d d
a. is unconsciously demonstrated by people.
d d d d
b. occurs externally to influence behavior.
d d d d
c. is determined by others choices.
d d d d
d. occurs internally to influence behavior.
d d d d
ANS: dD, dMotivation dis da dprocess dthat doccurs dinternally dto dinfluence dand ddirect dour dbehavior din dorder dto dsatisfy dneeds.
dMotivation dis dnot dexplicitly ddemonstrated dby dpeople, dbut drather dit dis dinterpreted dfrom dtheir dbehavior. dMotivation dis
dwhatever d influences d our dchoices dand dcreates ddirection, dintensity, dand dpersistence din dour dbehavior.
8. According to R. N. Lussier, there are content motivation theories and process motivation
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dtheories. Which of the following is considered a process motivation theory?
d d d d d d d d d d
a. Equity theory d
b. Hierarchy of needs theory d d d
c. Existence-relatedness-growth theory d
d. Hygiene maintenance and motivation factors
d d d d
ANS: dA, dThe dprocess dmotivation dtheories dare dequity dtheory dand dexpectancy dtheory. dThe dcontent dmotivation dtheories dinclude
dMaslows dhierarchy dof dneeds dtheory, d Aldefers dexistence- drelatedness-growth d(ERG) dtheory, dand dHerzbergs dhygiene
dmaintenance dfactors dand dmotivation dfactors.
9. The theory that includes maintenance and motivation factors is:
d d d d d d d d
a. Maslows hierarchy of needs. d d d
b. Herzbergs two-factor theory. d d
c. McGregors theory X and theory Y. d d d d d
d. Ouchis theory Z. d d
, ANS: dB, d The dtwo-factor d theory dof dmotivation d includes dmotivation d and dmaintenance d factors. dMaslows dhierarchy dof dneeds
dincludes dthe dfollowing dneeds: dphysiological, dsafety, dsecurity, dbelonging, dand dself-actualization. dIn dtheory dX, demployees
dprefer dsecurity, d direction, d and d minimal d responsibility. d In d theory d Y, d employees d enjoy d their d work, d show d self-control
d and d discipline, dare d able d to d contribute d creatively, d and dare d motivated dby dties d to dthe d group, d organization, d and dthe dwork
ditself. dThe d focus d of dtheory dZ dis dcollective d decision d making d and dlong-term demployment dthat d involves d slower d promotions
dand dless ddirect d supervision.
10. A nurse is appointed to a leadership position in the local hospital. The nurses position would be
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
considered which of the following?
n n n n n
a. Informal leadership n
b. Formal leadership n
c. Leadership
d. Management
ANS: d nB, d nFormalnleadershipnisnbasednonnoccupyingnanpositionninnannorganization. d nInformal d nleadershipnisnshownnbynan
nindividual nwhondemonstratesnleadershipnoutsidenthenscopenofnanformal nleadershipnrolenornas d na d nmember nofnangroup.
d nLeadership
nisdnadnprocessnof ninfluence dnwherebynthenleader ninfluencesnothersntoward dngoal dnachievement. dnManagementnisnanprocessnto
nachievenorganizational goals.
11. A nursing instructor is evaluating whether the nursing students understand the three
d d d d d d d d d d d
dfundamental qualities that leaders share. According to Bennis and Nanus, the
d d d d d d d d d d
dfundamental qualities of effective leaders are:
d d d d d
a. guided vision, passion, and integrity.
d d d d
b. knowledge of self, honesty, and maturity. d d d d d
c. intelligence, self-confidence, and determination.
d d d
d. honesty, self-awareness, and sociability.
d d d
ANS: dABennis dand d Nanus dlist d guided dvision, dpassion, d and dintegrity das d fundamental d qualities d of d effective dleaders.
d Knowledge dof d self, d honesty d and d maturity; d intelligence, d self-confidence d and d determination; d self-awareness d and
d sociability d are d all ddesirable d traits din dleaders das dwell das din dothers.
12. The six traits identified by Kirkpatrick and Locke that separate leaders from non-leaders were:
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. respectability, trustworthiness, flexibility, self-confidence, intelligence, sociability.
d d d d d
b. self-confidence, progression of experiences, influence of others, personal life factors, honesty,
d d d d d d d d d d
drive. d
c. intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, sociability, honesty.
d d d d d
d. drive, desire to lead, honesty, self-confidence, cognitive ability, knowledge of business.
d d d d d d d d d d
ANS: dD, dResearch dby dKirkpatrick dand dLocke dconcluded dthat dleaders dpossess dsix dtraits: ddrive, ddesire dto dlead, dhonesty, dself-
d confidence, dcognitive dability, d and dknowledge dof dthe dbusiness. dWoods didentified dfive ddominant dfactors dthat dinfluenced
dleadership ddevelopment: dself-confidence, dinnate dqualities, dprogression dof dexperience, dinfluence dof dsignificant dothers, dand
dpersonal dlife dfactors. dStogdill didentified dthe dfollowing dtraits dof da dleader: dintelligence, dself- dconfidence, ddetermination,
dintegrity, dand dsociability. dMurphy dand dDeBack didentified dthe dfollowing dleader dcharacteristics: dcaring, drespectability,
dtrustworthiness, dand dflexibility.
13. A nurse manager who uses a leadership style that is participatory and where
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dauthority is delegated to others is most likely using which of the following
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dleadership styles? d
a. Autocratic
b. Democratic
c. Laissez-faire
