COM3702 Assignment 3 PORTFOLIO (ANSWERS) Semester 1 2025 - DISTINCTION GUARANTEED

Well-structured COM3702 Assignment 3 PORTFOLIO (ANSWERS) Semester 1 2025 - DISTINCTION GUARANTEED. (DETAILED ANSWERS - DISTINCTION GUARANTEED... MEDIA AND RACE [25 marks] With the help of the South African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC), a SABC employee named Nobuntu Mkhize may have to come before the Equality Court after being caught on camera reportedly using racial language and assaulting cabin personnel on a Flysafair trip. Adapted from on-line newspaper articles. Select your OWN online or printed news story from a newspaper that covers the incident on Flysafair. You will need to acknowledge the online/printed news story in the text and in the list of sources consulted. Also, attach the news story as an addendum. Based on the story selected, answer the following questions: 2.1 The term racism Discuss in your own words what you understand by the term “racism” and then provide a summary of the racial incident that you have selected. Your summary should state the news media in which the incident was reported, when the incident was reported, who the perpetrator(s) was, what position of power the perpetrator held, which social media the perpetrator used (if any) and any other details that may assist your marker to relate to the incident (see Lynette Steenveld in Fourie 2018:282). (5 marks) 2.2 Newspaper article and racist incident Substantiate why the selected online newspaper article considered the incident as racist. Identify and critically discuss the form of racist ideology that is represented in the selected item (see Lynette Steenveld in Fourie 2018:). (5 marks) 2.3 Videos spreading the story Provide an argument of whether videos used to spread the story have given rise to racist incidents or just mirror/reflect what is already happening in society. Use at least two (2) academic sources to support your argument (this excludes the prescribed book and study guide). (5 marks) 2.4 Opinion piece: Flysafair incident In not more than one typed page argue with examples from the selected news story by giving your own opinion about the Flysafair incident. Please note there is no right or wrong answer. (10 marks) 3 NEWS AS REPRESENTATION [30 marks] After the United States withdrew financing for an anti-HIV initiative, antiretroviral therapy for around 5.5 million South Africans may be interrupted. Concerns about HIV patients skipping medication, an increase in infection rates, and ultimately a surge in fatalities have been raised by US President Donald Trump's worldwide foreign assistance halt, which has affected millions of patients in South Africa. More than 7.5 million individuals in South Africa are afflicted with the HIV virus, more than any other country. Following Trump's suspension of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, or PEPFAR, financing for the 5.5 million South Africans getting antiretroviral therapy is again under scrutiny. The United Nations AIDS agency estimates that since its launch in 2003, PEPFAR has saved at least 26 million lives worldwide. Adapted from a variety of on-line newspaper articles. Select your own online or printed news story from a newspaper that covers the withdrawal of financing for HIV and PEPFAR by the US. You must acknowledge the news article in the text and in the list of sources consulted. Also, attach the news story as an addendum. Based on the story selected, answer the following questions: 3.1 News values Define “news values” in your own words. Thereafter, indicate the 5 W’s and 1 H with examples of the news story selected (see De Beer & Botha in Fourie 2018:234-236). (10 marks) 3.2 Gatekeeping Discuss the concept of gatekeeping and indicate what types of gatekeepers were involved / or could have been involved in the news story that you selected (see De Beer & Botha in Fourie 2018:237-238). (5 marks) 3.3 Agenda setting and framing Define and differentiate between “agenda-setting” and “framing”. Give examples from the news story you selected to demonstrate your understanding of agenda-setting and framing (see De Beer & Botha in Fourie 2018:238-239). (5 marks) 3.4 Opinion piece: US Financial withdrawal In not more than one typed page argue with examples from the selected news story by giving your own opinion about the withdrawal of financing for HIV and PEPFAR by the US. (10 marks) 4 GENDER AND THE MEDIA [25 marks] Write a critical essay in which you comment on the representation of gender in the media, by using one colour MAGAZINE advertisement (e.g. Cosmopolitan, Drum, You, Keur, Living and Loving, Destiny Men or Men’s Health or any other magazine). CHOOSE EITHER A FEMALE OR MALE WITH TEXT IN AN ADVERTISEMENT. You can also choose a female OR male with a product and text in the advertisement. Note the following: • The advertisement must be from a magazine between January 2024 up to April 2025. • You can also use any online advertisement, but it must be from a magazine. • Use study unit 11 in the study guide and chapter 10 of your prescribed book to write this essay. You cannot answer this essay without reading the prescribed book. • Do not use headings in your essay. • A front page of a magazine is NOT an advertisement. Do not use headings and subheadings in your essay. Your discussion should not be more than two and a half pages. You will receive zero marks if the advertisement is not included. PLEASE NOTE YOU WILL DO THE SAME INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSION FOR A FEMALE OR MALE COLOUR MAGAZINE ADVERTISEMENT. Give an introduction in your essay. BOTH MALE AND FEMALE • In the introduction of the essay give a brief overview of gender and explain why we say that feminity and masculinity are binary oppositions. Also add information explaining this is a critical essay – looking at what? • For the second paragraph you can explain how a more multidisciplinary approach focusses on gender, sexuality and the term sex. • In the third paragraph explain how sexuality and gender are bound together (see Karim in Fourie 2018:305-307). In the body of the essay IF YOU HAVE CHOSEN A FEMALE MAGAZINE • If you use a female magazine, ensure that the colour advertisement includes a female and text accompanying the female AND /OR product in the advertisement. • Explain what a stereotypical female is and what feminism means. From the advertisement identify ONE type of feminism and argue how you apply the type of feminism to the chosen advertisement (See Karaim in Fourie 2018:325-328). • Briefly comment on advertisements and magazines (see Karam in Fourie 2018:322-324). IF YOU HAVE CHOSEN A MALE MAGAZINE • If you use a male magazine, ensure that the colour advertisement includes a male and text accompanying the male and/or product in the advertisement. • Briefly explain ANY THREE of six types of men and try to give examples from South African male celebrities (see Karam in Fourie 2018:312-315). • Briefly comment on Gender and popular music, with examples from South African artists (see Karam in Fourie 2018:324-325). Give a conclusion to the essay BOTH MALE AND FEMALE Conclude with gender representation in the South African media (see Karam in Fourie 325-328). Complete your conclusion OF the essay. You must acknowledge the ADVERTISEMENT in the text and in the list of sources consulted. Also, attach the advertisement as an addendum. 5 MEDIA AND TERRORISM [25 marks] Terrorism charges for Zuma's daughter over South Africa riots in 2021 Duduzile Zuma-Sambudla, was charged with terrorism for her role in the 2021 riots that killed over 300 people. After Zuma's (her dad) four-year prison sentence, violence, confusion, and panic swept from Durban to Gauteng. She was accused of spreading hostile social media remarks that worsened the country. Brigadier and spokeswoman for the Hawks, Thandi Mbambo, said Zuma’s arrest was made "after a thorough investigation" Zuma-Sambudla surrendered to Durban Central police on Thursday morning. Inciting violence and violating the Protection of Constitutional Democracy against Terrorist and Related Activities Act were her charges. The NPA called the case "complex" and "unique," which slow down the investigation. "It is the first time that the NPA is charging a person based on content posted on what we call X, which was previously known as Twitter, for content that we consider amounting to incitement to commit terrorism" (News24). She assured the judge she would deny wrongdoing. No evidence had linked her to the 2021 riots, she added. Some consider these riots South Africa's bloodiest since apartheid. Her Durban High Court trial has been moved to March, and she was granted bail. Supporters from her father's party, uMkhonto WeSizwe (MK), attended court. Zuma (her dad) resigned as president in 2018 after nine years. He was imprisoned for contempt after refusing to testify regarding some claims. Protests followed his surrender to serve his sentence. She posted photos of the damage and pandemonium on X with the caption "KZN, we see you." She used this term often during the fight. In addition, she posted a video of someone shooting a Cyril Ramaphosa poster with an automatic gun, which was later removed. The SAHRC dubbed it a "carefully orchestrated event" in a report last year. There was no direct link to Zuma's detention, it claimed. A former security guard was sentenced to 12 years in 2023 for his role in the violent rioting. He was charged with rioting initially. President Cyril Ramaphosa, who succeeded Jacob Zuma in 2018, branded the violence an "attempted insurrection". Over 150,000 jobs were lost, and 200 shopping malls were smashed into during the days-long turmoil. Zuma's MK faced his former party, the ANC, in last year's election and won 15%, making it the third largest party. The scenario above is not a newspaper article. It is a combination of various articles that appeared in the online media. South African riots: death and looting in Durban [Online]. Accessed on 14 May 2025. Read the scenario above and use Chapter 15 (see Kirsten in Fourie, 2018) as theory. Discuss in an essay, using paragraphs to the pointers listed here. Please note you must use cohesive writing. Do not just give answers to the bullets in paragraphs. • For the introduction read the section by Kirsten in Fourie (2018:447-450). Introduce the essay. Keep in mind that Duduzile Zuma-Sambudla was accused of inciting violence in her posts on X. Over 150,000 jobs were lost, and 200 shopping malls were smashed into during the days-long turmoil. • Define and discuss the concept of terrorism in terms of the terrorist incident as in the scenario. • In a paragraph, argue why the scenario is not a ‘typical’ terrorist incident / You can also argue why it is seen as a terrorist incident (this will be your opinion and there is no right or wrong answers). Explain with evidence from the scenario and the definition of terrorism (see Kirsten in Fourie 2018:447-450). • In the next paragraph introduce terrorists and their activities, as discussed in the scenario. • Discuss the symbiotic relationship between terrorists and the media with examples from the scenario. Give your own opinion/view and argue why you think in this case there was / or there is not a a multidimensional relationship between the media, government and terrorism? • Explain why the scenario of the court appearance is newsworthy, being seen that it is a terrorist attack/s? • Lastly, give any three reasons why the media reports on terrorist events and provide examples from the scenario (see Kirsten in Fourie 2018:461-463). • Give a conclusion to the essay. 6 MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION MARKETS [20 marks] The South African mass media are mostly owned by a small group of corporations and/or people (media concentration). This is happening because companies are merging and buying each other's shares. There are four key media companies that control most of the communication in the world. These are Avusa, Naspers, Independent News and Media (owned by Sekunjalo Investments), and CTP/Caxton. In an essay of not more than two typed pages, do the following: • In the introduction, describe what media concentration is and what it means for the media industry. • If someone says that concentration "in the media sector is, however, an exception to the rule" (see Bardoel & van Cuilenburg in Fourie 2018:150–151), explain why you think that is. • In the main part of your essay, you should discuss the four types of media concentration: cross-media (diagonal), conglomerate, horizontal, and vertical. Give examples from the South African media. Do not use the examples in Fourie (2018) • Explain in a paragraph with examples the difference between content creation and content distribution (see Bardoel & van Cuilenburg in Fourie 2018:151). • Give a conclusion to the essay by reviewing media and communication as economic products between competitive markets. Conclude your assignment. 7 CONCLUSION [5 marks] Give a comprehensive conclusion of what you have done in the examination assignment portfolio. SELF-ASSESSMENT AND SELF-REFLECTION [5 marks] Attach the addendum, in which you answer the following questions: ● What have you learnt (what knowledge have you gained) by completing the assignment task? ● What skills, abilities and orientations (attitudes and values) have you acquired? ● Which strengths could you apply in your future life and work environments? ● Which shortcomings do you need to address in future? ● To what extent have you achieved the learning outcomes