PRE AP-BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Nucleus - Answer-The nucleus is the brain of the cell. It controls all the functions of the
cell.
Ribosome - Answer-The job of a ribosome is to make for the cell. Protein is used for
growth and repair in the cell
Smooth E.R. & Rough E.R. - Answer-Think of these as a maze of pathways in the
cytoplasm. ER carry proteins and other materials around the cell.
Golgi body - Answer-Can be thought of as the post office. Golgi bodies take proteins
and newly formed materials, package them and send them to other parts of the cell.
Vacuole - Answer-They store food, water, and wastes until they are used or let out of
the cell. Plant cells have 1 or 2 large vacuoles Animal cells have many smaller ones.
Chloroplast - Answer-These are a green colored structures in cells. Photosynthesis
takes place inside of chloroplasts.
Mitochondria - Answer-Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell. This is where food
is converted to energy. They have a rod-like shape.
Cells - Answer-Basic structural and functional units of life
Tissues - Answer-Groups of similar cells that perform particular function
Organs - Answer-Different tissues working together to perform complex function
Organ Systems - Answer-Different organs working together form a series of related
tasks
Organism - Answer-Single living thing
Populations - Answer-Groups of organisms of all the same species living together at the
same place
Communities - Answer-All different species (population) that live together in a defined
area
, Ecosystems - Answer-Community and its physical environment and all the biotic/living
and it abiotic/nonliving factors in the defined area
What was Watson and Crick's model of DNA in the shape of? - Answer-A double helix
describe the parts of a chromosome. - Answer-A chromosome is a physically discrete
portion of the genome, which carries many individual genes.
G1(Growth 1) - Answer-The cell grows to accommodate new genetic information
S(synthesis) - Answer-The cell duplicates its DNA for the two daughter cells
G2(Growth 2) - Answer-The cell grows once again for there to be enough cytoplasm for
the daughter cells
Prophase - Answer-Chromatin is organized into chromosomes, two centrosomes move
to the poles of the cells, and the nuclear envelope breaks down
Metaphase - Answer-: The chromosomes align in the middle of the cell
Anaphase - Answer-The chromosomes are split apart into chromatids by the spindle
fibers and are starting to be pulled to opposite poles
Telophase - Answer-The chromatids are enveloped in a new nuclear envelope in the
two new daughter cells making two separate nuclei
Cytokinesis - Answer-The cells cytoplasm splits and forms the two new daughter cells
which are identical to the parent cell. Both have their own nucleus and DNA.
Describe the role of mitosis during growth. - Answer-Mitosis is the type of cell division
used for growth, repair and asexual reproduction. Mitosis occurs wherever new cells are
needed. It produces two cells that are identical to each other, and the parent cell.
Describe the role of mitosis during repair of cells. - Answer-Mitosis is the type of cell
division used for growth, repair and asexual reproduction. Mitosis occurs wherever new
cells are needed. It produces two cells that are identical to each other, and the parent
cell. In mitosis each chromosome is copied exactly.
Dominant - Answer-if 2 alleles of an inherited pair differ then one determines the
organism's appearance.
What are the differences between a plant and animal cell? - Answer-the main structural
differences between plant and animal cells lie in a few additional structures found in
plant cells. These structures include: chloroplasts, the cell wall, and vacuoles.
GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Nucleus - Answer-The nucleus is the brain of the cell. It controls all the functions of the
cell.
Ribosome - Answer-The job of a ribosome is to make for the cell. Protein is used for
growth and repair in the cell
Smooth E.R. & Rough E.R. - Answer-Think of these as a maze of pathways in the
cytoplasm. ER carry proteins and other materials around the cell.
Golgi body - Answer-Can be thought of as the post office. Golgi bodies take proteins
and newly formed materials, package them and send them to other parts of the cell.
Vacuole - Answer-They store food, water, and wastes until they are used or let out of
the cell. Plant cells have 1 or 2 large vacuoles Animal cells have many smaller ones.
Chloroplast - Answer-These are a green colored structures in cells. Photosynthesis
takes place inside of chloroplasts.
Mitochondria - Answer-Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell. This is where food
is converted to energy. They have a rod-like shape.
Cells - Answer-Basic structural and functional units of life
Tissues - Answer-Groups of similar cells that perform particular function
Organs - Answer-Different tissues working together to perform complex function
Organ Systems - Answer-Different organs working together form a series of related
tasks
Organism - Answer-Single living thing
Populations - Answer-Groups of organisms of all the same species living together at the
same place
Communities - Answer-All different species (population) that live together in a defined
area
, Ecosystems - Answer-Community and its physical environment and all the biotic/living
and it abiotic/nonliving factors in the defined area
What was Watson and Crick's model of DNA in the shape of? - Answer-A double helix
describe the parts of a chromosome. - Answer-A chromosome is a physically discrete
portion of the genome, which carries many individual genes.
G1(Growth 1) - Answer-The cell grows to accommodate new genetic information
S(synthesis) - Answer-The cell duplicates its DNA for the two daughter cells
G2(Growth 2) - Answer-The cell grows once again for there to be enough cytoplasm for
the daughter cells
Prophase - Answer-Chromatin is organized into chromosomes, two centrosomes move
to the poles of the cells, and the nuclear envelope breaks down
Metaphase - Answer-: The chromosomes align in the middle of the cell
Anaphase - Answer-The chromosomes are split apart into chromatids by the spindle
fibers and are starting to be pulled to opposite poles
Telophase - Answer-The chromatids are enveloped in a new nuclear envelope in the
two new daughter cells making two separate nuclei
Cytokinesis - Answer-The cells cytoplasm splits and forms the two new daughter cells
which are identical to the parent cell. Both have their own nucleus and DNA.
Describe the role of mitosis during growth. - Answer-Mitosis is the type of cell division
used for growth, repair and asexual reproduction. Mitosis occurs wherever new cells are
needed. It produces two cells that are identical to each other, and the parent cell.
Describe the role of mitosis during repair of cells. - Answer-Mitosis is the type of cell
division used for growth, repair and asexual reproduction. Mitosis occurs wherever new
cells are needed. It produces two cells that are identical to each other, and the parent
cell. In mitosis each chromosome is copied exactly.
Dominant - Answer-if 2 alleles of an inherited pair differ then one determines the
organism's appearance.
What are the differences between a plant and animal cell? - Answer-the main structural
differences between plant and animal cells lie in a few additional structures found in
plant cells. These structures include: chloroplasts, the cell wall, and vacuoles.
