Human Anatomy and Physiology
Cardiovascular System Test Review
What are the 3 main parts of the cardiovascular system? - ANS-heart, blood, and blood
vessels
What do arteries do? - ANS-Take blood away from the heart
In the artery what is the first and outside layer, made up of connective tissue, called? -
ANS-Tunica Externa
In the artery what is the second and middle layer, made up of smooth muscle, called? -
ANS-Tunica Media
In the artery what is the third and inner layer, made up of endothelial cells, called? -
ANS-Tunica Intima
What do veins do? - ANS-Bring blood to the heart
What is the function of the capillaries? - ANS-Exchange materials between the blood
and the body's cells
How big are capillaries? - ANS-Microscopic in size
What is the location of the heart? - ANS-Cavity between the lungs, 2/3 left of midsagittal
What is the size of the heart? - ANS-Roughly the size of a fist
Pericardium - ANS-Outer membrane of the heart
Parietal pericardium - ANS-External (outer) layer of the heart
Visceral pericardium (epicardium) - ANS-Part of the heart wall
Functions of the pericardium and its 2 layers. - ANS-Protection (physical barrier),
anchors heart to other structures, and provides lubrication to reduce friction.
1st layer of the heart (outer portion) - ANS-Epicardium
2nd layer of the heart (middle layer that consists of twisted cardiac muscle) - ANS-
Myocardium (layer that actually contracts)
, 3rd layer of the heart (inner layer made of epithelial tissue) - ANS-Endocardium
What is the Atrium divided by? - ANS-Interatrial Septum
What is the function of the Atria? - ANS-Receives blood from veins
What is the function of the Right Atria? - ANS-Receives blood from superior and inferior
vena cava
What is the function of the Left Atria? - ANS-Receives blood from pulmonary veins
What are Red Blood Cells produced by? - ANS-Red marrow in bones
What hormone is the rate of Red Blood Cell Production controlled by? - ANS-
Erythropoietin
What is the function of Hemoglobin? - ANS-Carries oxygen inside Red Blood Cells
What is iron deficiency known as? - ANS-Anemia
What are White Blood Cells known as? - ANS-Leukocytes
What is the function of White Blood Cells? - ANS-They fight disease
What is the ratio of Red Blood Cells to White Blood Cells - ANS-700 : 1
What are the 3 types of Granulocytes? - ANS-Neutrophil, Eosinophil, and Basophil
What are the phagocytes and most mobile Granulocytes called? - ANS-Neutrophil
What are the Granulocytes that attack parasites and release chemicals to reduce
inflammation called? - ANS-Eosinophils
What are the Granulocytes that discharge granules at injury sites and prevent clots
called? - ANS-Basophils
What control the immune system? - ANS-Lymphocytes
What are some risk factors of getting heart disorders and diseases? - ANS-Cholesterol,
hypertension, smoking, obesity, and heredity
What is the term that covers many different types of heart problems? - ANS-Heart
Disease
Cardiovascular System Test Review
What are the 3 main parts of the cardiovascular system? - ANS-heart, blood, and blood
vessels
What do arteries do? - ANS-Take blood away from the heart
In the artery what is the first and outside layer, made up of connective tissue, called? -
ANS-Tunica Externa
In the artery what is the second and middle layer, made up of smooth muscle, called? -
ANS-Tunica Media
In the artery what is the third and inner layer, made up of endothelial cells, called? -
ANS-Tunica Intima
What do veins do? - ANS-Bring blood to the heart
What is the function of the capillaries? - ANS-Exchange materials between the blood
and the body's cells
How big are capillaries? - ANS-Microscopic in size
What is the location of the heart? - ANS-Cavity between the lungs, 2/3 left of midsagittal
What is the size of the heart? - ANS-Roughly the size of a fist
Pericardium - ANS-Outer membrane of the heart
Parietal pericardium - ANS-External (outer) layer of the heart
Visceral pericardium (epicardium) - ANS-Part of the heart wall
Functions of the pericardium and its 2 layers. - ANS-Protection (physical barrier),
anchors heart to other structures, and provides lubrication to reduce friction.
1st layer of the heart (outer portion) - ANS-Epicardium
2nd layer of the heart (middle layer that consists of twisted cardiac muscle) - ANS-
Myocardium (layer that actually contracts)
, 3rd layer of the heart (inner layer made of epithelial tissue) - ANS-Endocardium
What is the Atrium divided by? - ANS-Interatrial Septum
What is the function of the Atria? - ANS-Receives blood from veins
What is the function of the Right Atria? - ANS-Receives blood from superior and inferior
vena cava
What is the function of the Left Atria? - ANS-Receives blood from pulmonary veins
What are Red Blood Cells produced by? - ANS-Red marrow in bones
What hormone is the rate of Red Blood Cell Production controlled by? - ANS-
Erythropoietin
What is the function of Hemoglobin? - ANS-Carries oxygen inside Red Blood Cells
What is iron deficiency known as? - ANS-Anemia
What are White Blood Cells known as? - ANS-Leukocytes
What is the function of White Blood Cells? - ANS-They fight disease
What is the ratio of Red Blood Cells to White Blood Cells - ANS-700 : 1
What are the 3 types of Granulocytes? - ANS-Neutrophil, Eosinophil, and Basophil
What are the phagocytes and most mobile Granulocytes called? - ANS-Neutrophil
What are the Granulocytes that attack parasites and release chemicals to reduce
inflammation called? - ANS-Eosinophils
What are the Granulocytes that discharge granules at injury sites and prevent clots
called? - ANS-Basophils
What control the immune system? - ANS-Lymphocytes
What are some risk factors of getting heart disorders and diseases? - ANS-Cholesterol,
hypertension, smoking, obesity, and heredity
What is the term that covers many different types of heart problems? - ANS-Heart
Disease
