1
These notes are provided by studifysuccess.
Chapter-1 Computer System
Introduction to Computer System
A computer is an electronic device that can be
programmed to accept data (input), process it and
generate result (output). A computer along with
additional hardware and software together is called a
computer system.
1.1 Components of Computer System
A computer system primarily comprises a central processing
unit (CPU), memory, input/output devices and storage
devices. All these components function together as a single
unit to deliver the desired output.
A computer system comes in various forms and sizes. It can
vary from a high-end server to personal desktop, laptop,
tablet computer, or a smartphone.
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, 2
These notes are provided by studifysuccess.
1.1.1 Central Proccessing Unit(CPU)
It is the electronic circuitry of a computer that carries out the
actual processing and usually referred as the brain of the
computer. It is commonly called processor also.
A CPU can be placed on one or more microchips called
integrated circuits (IC). The ICs comprise semiconductor
materials.
While processing, the CPU stores the data as well as
instructions in its local memory called registers. Registers are
part of the CPU chip and they are limited in size and number.
Other than the registers, the CPU has two main components —
1.Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)- ALU performs all the arithmetic and
logic operations that need to be done as per the instruction in a
program.
2.Control Unit (CU)- CU controls sequential instruction execution,
interprets instructions and guides data flow through the computer’s
memory, ALU and input or output devices.
CPU is also popularly known as microprocessor.
1.1.2 Input Devices
The devices through which control signals are sent to a computer are
termed as input devices. These devices convert the input data into a
digital form that is acceptable by the computer system. Some
examples of input devices include keyboard, mouse, scanner, touch
screen, etc.
www.studifysuccess.com Made by Vrinda Rastogi
These notes are provided by studifysuccess.
Chapter-1 Computer System
Introduction to Computer System
A computer is an electronic device that can be
programmed to accept data (input), process it and
generate result (output). A computer along with
additional hardware and software together is called a
computer system.
1.1 Components of Computer System
A computer system primarily comprises a central processing
unit (CPU), memory, input/output devices and storage
devices. All these components function together as a single
unit to deliver the desired output.
A computer system comes in various forms and sizes. It can
vary from a high-end server to personal desktop, laptop,
tablet computer, or a smartphone.
www.studifysuccess.com Made by Vrinda Rastogi
, 2
These notes are provided by studifysuccess.
1.1.1 Central Proccessing Unit(CPU)
It is the electronic circuitry of a computer that carries out the
actual processing and usually referred as the brain of the
computer. It is commonly called processor also.
A CPU can be placed on one or more microchips called
integrated circuits (IC). The ICs comprise semiconductor
materials.
While processing, the CPU stores the data as well as
instructions in its local memory called registers. Registers are
part of the CPU chip and they are limited in size and number.
Other than the registers, the CPU has two main components —
1.Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)- ALU performs all the arithmetic and
logic operations that need to be done as per the instruction in a
program.
2.Control Unit (CU)- CU controls sequential instruction execution,
interprets instructions and guides data flow through the computer’s
memory, ALU and input or output devices.
CPU is also popularly known as microprocessor.
1.1.2 Input Devices
The devices through which control signals are sent to a computer are
termed as input devices. These devices convert the input data into a
digital form that is acceptable by the computer system. Some
examples of input devices include keyboard, mouse, scanner, touch
screen, etc.
www.studifysuccess.com Made by Vrinda Rastogi
